as we were approaching him, I do not even speak to him. It is impossible. He is a worthless vagabond and an impostor.' I said, 'Had he any ability really?' Not any pretensions to poetical ability; he could not write a line correctly. He was a parasite who hung on Lenton. He was older than Lenton, who really would have turned out a genuine poet had he lived.' I also recollect my brother said that Lenton would have been at least a second Henry Kirke White." Bateman is dead, and with him I would bury my thoughts concerning him. I know, however, that he never was married, and was the terror of many of the poor folk in the neighbourhood, and when he asked for a meal they dare not refuse him. The statement that he knew Lord Byron when in Italy, and had translated 'William Tell,' 'Silvio Pellico,' &c., is too absurd to need comLISTER WILSON. ment. Alford. ENGLISH AS SHE IS DERIVED.-We have heard of some amusing facts concerning "English as she is taught "; it would be equally amusing, if it were not deplorable, to illustrate "English as she is derived." In a scientific periodical we are really entitled to expect science. But I have just met with two articles, in the same number of the same paper, which cannot justify a claim to anything of the kind. The first is called 'Aryan Speech traced to the Stone Age.' Here we have an argument to prove that the English words kill and hill are the same word; which is easily proved by an abuse of Grimm's law. The author takes a couple of pages to prove what he might have proved, according to his method, in a line. Briefly, hill is cognate with Lat. collis; and the connexion between collis and kill is obvious. Q.E.D. This is all wrapped up in a cloud of words and most peculiar illustrations. The following specimens are choice. The E. horse is the same word (!) as the Goth. aihws, which is cognate with the Latin equus. This is because the ho- in horse answers to Goth. aih-; the -rse does not matter. Next, equus is so called because he was "sharp"; the word is allied to ac-er, and is derived from the Skt. ço, to sharpen, whence also the E. whet (I am afraid Benfey's 'Dictionary' is responsible for some of this). Further, cal-x, which means a stone, is so called from its kill-ing people, or from its hur-ting them. Of course, kill is the same as the hur- in hurt; the final t cannot matter. Coll-is, a hill, is composed of stones. Hence the Aryan languages go back to the stone age; for the stones of the hill, i.e., of collis, were used for kill-ing and hur-ting. Do not, gentle reader, put me down as suddenly gone mad. I am merely giving a summary of this extraordinary article. A few pages further on we have an article on the History of some Common Words.' This is better, and some of it is true, being merely compiled from other sources. But the account of bluestocking is written in blissful ignorance of a certain article in Murray's 'Dictionary'; and the same is true of the remarks on bachelor. But we are not without gems. We are gravely told that it is now the "generally received opinion" that Domesday is derived from domus dei, the house of God; because (I always shudder when this "because" has to be used) the Domesday Book was one preserved in a sacred edifice. After this, I am not surprised to learn, also for the first time, that navvy is a corruption of the Danish nabo, a neighbour; and that the verb to cow is merely a contraction of coward. At what period of our history such a phrase as he cowarded him" would have been intelligible we are not informed. To prove that I am not romancing, I give the references. Both of these amusing articles will be found in Knowledge, in the number for Feb. 1, CELER. 1889, pp. 77 and 92. THE ADDITIONAL NOTE IN ROGERS'S 'ITALY,' ED. 1838. (See 7th S. vi. 267, 352, 409, 457.)—It was long since pointed out in 'N. & Q.' (1st S. v. 196) that the very same remark which Rogers here says had been made to him by an old Dominican at Padua was made to Wilkie by an old Jeronymite at the Escurial, as related by Wilkie's travelEngland,' vol. vi. p. 498 (published 1851). Much ling companion Lord Mahon in his 'History of negative evidence has now been brought to show that there was no Dominican convent at Padua. Is this particular the only part of Rogers's story which may justly be regarded with suspicion? Did the Escurial and to a Dominican or other monk at same thought occur to the Jeronymite at the Padua; and was the same remark actually made to Wilkie at the one place and to Rogers at the other; or must some other solution be sought for this very curious problem? Wilkie visited the Escurial in October, 1827, and his 'Journal' comprises notes both on Titian's Last Supper' in the refectory and the same master's Gloria' in another apartment. On the latter picture he observes, "S. Rogers has a sketch of it." He was at this time corresponding with Sir Thomas Lawrence, who wrote to him on January 10, 1828: "I read to our friend Mr. Rogers......one or two passages of your letter (perhaps more), and he was much gratified...... to have had the interest of his sketch increased by your eloquent description of its original."Cunningham's 'Life of Wilkie,' vol. ii. pp. 485, 492. Wilkie's letter is not given, but as it related to the pictures at the Escurial it seems not unlikely that it mentioned the incident in question. The lines to which the additional note refers, where the contrast is drawn between the transiency of the man and the permanency of the picture, are in the second part of 'Italy,' which was published in 1828. But whether or not Rogers had then heard of the Jeronymite's remark, he must have known of it in 1835, several years before the appearance of his note, as it was then made public by Wordsworth in the 'Lines suggested by a Portrait from the Pencil of F. Stone,' contained in the volume entitled 'Yarrow Revisited, and other Poems,' scribed "To Samuel Rogers, Esq.": The hoary Father in the Stranger's ear Breathed out these words: "Here daily do we sit, By shock of circumstance, or lapse of years, fame, it now appears that Martha Gwynn either never had any existence at all, or, if she lived and practised all the virtues, at least was the cause of sin in her grave, seeing that her epitaph was, in Macaulay's phrase, stolen, and marred in the stealing. I have obtained what I suppose must be in-accepted as the original and veritable matrix from which Mrs. Martha received her mythical being. It is an epitaph in Toddington Church, Bedfordshire, mentioned and partly quoted by Lysons ('Magna Britannia') in his description of that church. In spite of "conceits" and affectation, it has some literary merit, and at least presents something better and closer in thought than the flabby and pointless saying, "She was so very pure within." Here it is in full :— They are in truth the Substance, we the Shadows." R. D. WILSON. COAL OR CABBAGE.—An amusing error, almost as good as the historic curmudgeon of Ash, suggests with what a slender equipment of French Dr. Jamieson made his 'Etymological Dictionary of the Scottish Language.' He explains chows as a particular kind of coal, smaller than the common kind, much used in forges; perhaps from French chou, the general name of coal." Now, of course, chou is not, and never was, coal, but it is "the general name" of cole, i. e., cabbage. But coal was formerly spelt cole, so that it is evident either that Jamieson lost his way between the chou, cole, and the charbon, cole, of a sixteenth century French dictionary, or else that some wag to whom he applied for help upon the Scotch chows, small coals, poked fun at him by referring him to the French choux, coles. J. A. H. MURRAY. A FALSE EPITAPH: "MARTHA GWYNNHATCHED A CHERUBIN."-All men (i.e., a great many) have heard of Mrs. Martha, or Margaret, Gwynn, celebrated in an epitaph which I may give as follows: Here lie the bones of Martha Gwynn, And thence was hatched a Cherubin. Being desirous to find the true form and also the place of this epitaph, I lately searched for and found it in three published collections, each of which gives a text differing from the other two. For the place of it one collector, Mr. Augustus Hare, says Cambridgeshire. Had he said England he would have committed himself to less, and the reference would have been about equally useful. Another more definitely assigns it to St. Albans, Herts. By the help of a friend I was enabled to learn with something like certainty that it is not to be found there, though my friend happily suggested that as Nell Gwynn once had a house of her own not far off, Martha the immaculate and naughty Nelly may have been sisters. But unhappily for her "Maria Wentworth, illustris Thomæ Comitis Cleveland Filia premortua prima animam virgineam exhalavit [-] Januar an° Dni. MDCXXXII., ætat. xviii, And here ye pretious dust is layde To Parents curtesie behind, C. B. MOUNT. PIGOTT.-As the verb "to pigott" may hereafter become as common as that "to boycott," will N. & Q.' record, for the benefit of Dr. Murray's descendants, that the former word was born in the House of Commons on February 28, 1889 ? HERMENTRUDE. POPE'S SIZE.-A year or two ago I bought a merino vest. On the bill I noticed P.S. after it, and by inquiry I elicited that P.S. stood for "pope's size," and that "pope's size" meant short and stout. This was very humiliating, as I had always flattered myself that I was of middle height; but I consoled myself with the reflection that I had, after all, probably learned something, for it seemed likely that in days gone by popes, as a race, had been looked upon as short and stout. I knew very well that abbots, monks, and friars had had the reputation of being fat and jolly, but I was not aware that popes had likewise been charged with a too vivid enjoyment of the things of this life. I could not, however, discover any further evidence upon this point, and let the matter drop. Very recently, however, in 'Madame Phaéton,' a novel, by Clovis Hugues, p. 21, I came across the follow ing: "Il était gros comme un pape," so that it DESSERT IN AMERICA. The review of 'Americanisms, Old and New,' by John S. Farmer, given in 'N. & Q.,' ante, p. 119, contains the following sentence : "Dessert in America is applied not only to fruit, as in England, and fruit and cheese, as in France, but to the sweets, such as pastry, puddings, &c." The words here italicized had better have been scratched out, or altered to make them correct. Littré has the following definition: "Dessert, le dernier service d'un repas, composé de fromage, de confitures, de fruits et de pâtisserie." The same article in the dictionary of the Academy is as follows: longing to the famous John Byrom, but now located in the Chetham Library, Manchester, according to the bequest of my friend the late Miss Atherton, is the Life of Archbishop Whitgift,' printed for Ri. Chiswell, and to be sold at the Rose and Crown, and at the Rose in St. Paul's Churchyard, 1699. Before coming into John Byrom's possession it was the property of Dr. White Kennett, Dean of Peterborough, 1707-18, and afterwards bishop of the same. The book-plate describes him as dean. On the fly-leaf of this volume occurs an entry of which I send a copy, in the thought that it may prove not only interesting to your correspondents as somewhat exemplifying the episcopal leanings of the George Inn," St. Martin's, Stamford, but also useful as a record in N. & Q.' There is no signature to indicate the writer, but as the handwriting seems to be of the end of the seventeenth or beginning of the eighteenth century, I incline to the belief that it is a note by Kennett himself, to say nothing of his close neighbourhood to the inn in question. Perhaps some more learned correspondent may know who the Mr. Griffith is of whom mention is made, and so determine the matter : 66 "Mr. Griffith, in his MSS. Collections in my custody, writes thus: "Coll Gervase Holles (one of his Maties Masters of Requests) told me on the 27th of January, 1672/3, that travailing thro Stamford, in Lincolnshire, he accidentally met wth a picture of ABp. Whitgifts in his lodgings at the George Inne in that Town, wch he knew to be so by Coat Armour and Motto under express'd in one corner thereof, wch he bought for fifty shillings, and so ye Colonel' is come into the possession of this Picture, wch he told me he would not take twenty pounds for, it being an assured Original done by an excellent hand upon wainscoat, wch by some accident is cracked, tho not much to the Detriment of the Piece. "Mr. Henry Peachman [sic], in his 'Complete Gentleman,' ch. iii., being directions for Painting, describes John Whitgift, ABp. of Canterbury, blackhaired and of a brown complexion." Askengarth Dale, Yorks. JOHN TINKLER, M.A. THE ZODIAC.-In an old book of mine entitled "The Marrow of Physick,' dedicated "to the Honour are taken from a poem by Segur (Paris, 1719) as able and Singularly Virtuous Mrs. Margaret Evre," follows: Lorsqu'une femme, après trop de tendresse, Comment pour cette si douce foiblesse Le seul remède qu'elle peut ressentir, La seule revanche pour son tort, Pour faire trop tard l'amant repentir Hélas! trop tard-est la mort. by Thomas Brugis, and published by Richard Hearne, London, 1640, there appears the following curious description of the signs of the zodiac :— "And first raignes Aries in the month of March, for in that signe (say they) God made the world, and to this signe the old Jewish Philosophers gave the name Aries: that is to say, a Ram; forasmuch as Abraham made his offering to God of a Ram for his sonne Isac; and whosoever is borne in this signe shall be timerous or dread Perhaps the above may be considered worthy of full; but he shall have grace and good inclination. being preserved in 'N. & Q.' Waltham Abbey. A. COLLINGWOOD LEE. 'LIFE OF ARCHBISHOP WHITGIFT.' (See 7th S. v. 241, 294, 330.)-Amongst the books once be "The second Signe Taurus raigneth in April, it hath the name of Bull: forasmuch as Jacob wrastled and strove with the Angel: whosoever is borne in this signe shal have good successe in all manner of beasts and cattle of the field. "The third Gemini raigneth in May; it hath the name of twinnes, forasmuch as Adam and Eve were formed, and made of one kind: Whosoever is borne in "The fifth signe Leo raigneth in July, and hath the name of a Lyon; forasmuch as Daniel the Prophet was put into a Lyon's den: Whosoever is borne in this signe shall be a bold and stout man, and a hardy. "The sixt signe Virgo raignes in August, and hath the name of a Virgin, forasmuch as our Lady that blessed Virgin before birth, in birth, and after birth was a pure Virgin: Whosoever is borne under this signe shall be wise and learned, and shall suffer blame for a just cause. "The seventh signe Libra raigneth in September, and hath the name of the ballance that hang in equall poise, forasmuch as Judas Iscariot tooke counsell with the Jewes for the betraying of our Saviour. Whosoever is borne in this signe he shall be a wicked man and a traytor: an evil death shall he dye if the course of Nature prevaile, but if he seeke after grace and mercy he may escape it. The eight signe Scorpio raigneth in October and hath the name of a Scorpion, forasmuch as the children of Isreal passed through the Red Sea : Whosoever is borne in this signe shall have many angers, tribulations, and vexations. "The ninth signe Sagittarius raigneth in November; and hath the name of the Archer, forasmuch as David fought with Goliah. Whosoever is borne under this signe shall be hardy and Lecherous. "The tenth signe Capricornus raigneth in December, and hath the name of the Goat, forasmuch as the Jews lost the blessing of our Lord Jesus Christ: Whosoever is borne under this signe shall be rich and loving. "The eleventh signe Aquarius raigneth in January and hath the name of the water-man; forasmuch as Saint John Baptist baptised our Saviour in the flood of Jordan to beginne to institute the new law of Baptisme, and end the old law of Circumcision: Whosoever is borne in this signe shall be negligent, and lose his goods, and shall be carelesse in his course of life. "The twelveth signe Pisces raigneth in February, and hath the name of fishes; forasmuch as Jonas the Prophet was cast into the sea; and three daies and three nights lay in the belly of a whale: Whosoever is borne in that signe shall be gratious and happy, if he make use of time." Preston on the Wild Moors. Queries. C. A. WHITE. We must request correspondents desiring information on family matters of only private interest, to affix their names and addresses to their queries, in order that the answers may be addressed to them direct. TRIAL OF PATRICK Ogilvie, 1765.-Can any of your Scotch readers, or others who are interested in the study of celebrated criminal cases, tell me whether Katharine Nairn and Patrick Ogilvie, who were tried for the crimes of incest and murder in August, 1765, and convicted on a verdict of a majority of the jury, were both executed? The account of the trial which I have was published in 1765, at Edinburgh, and contains two hundred pages. On the last page, just above the list of errata, there is the following paragraph: "N.B. The conclusion of this Trial will be published and given gratis to the Purchasers, so soon as the Proceedings of the Court, with regard to Katharine Nairn, are finished." Was this promised conclusion ever published; and was Katharine Nairn ever executed? I am afraid it would not be quite within the province of N. & Q' to discuss this remarkable trial. Certainly the depositions, as given at length in the publication above mentioned, contain the material for the most exciting novel. In fact, the subject is quite worthy of the pen of Wilkie Collins. I should be very much obliged to any of your contributors for any side light they can throw Katharine upon this singular social tragedy. Nairn was the daughter of Sir Thomas Nairn of She married Thomas Dunsinnan (Dunsinane). Ogilvie of Eastmiln, in January, 1765. She was accused of forming a guilty connexion with his brother, Patrick Ogilvie, who lived in the house, and of poisoning her husband with arsenic, sent to her by the said Patrick Ogilvie, less than six months after her marriage, namely on June 6. There appear to have been unfortunate family differences among the Ogilvies; and the defence practically was that the accusations, both of incest and murder, were got up through the instrumentality of Alexander Ogilvie, the youngest brother, who had offended his family by a mésalliance with the daughter of a common porter in Edinburgh, in order to regain the favour of his eldest brother, the Laird of Eastmiln. Alexander Ogilvie sent one Ann Clarke, a distant relation of the family (said to have been a person of immoral life, and to have lived as the mistress of the said Alexander Ogilvie), as an emissary in his interest to Eastmiln. She was received by the family there, including the mother, Mrs. Ogilvie, without any suspicion; and it was stated by the "pannels" that she succeeded in setting the laird against his wife and his second brother Patrick, and that she maliciously concocted this charge against them. With regard to the many curious facts connected with this trial, one is that both the "pannels" were condemned on the indictment, although there never was any post-mortem on the body of Thomas Ogilvie, nor was it proved that he had died of arsensic. But it was proved-in spite of his solemn declaration to the contrary-that Patrick Ogilvie had purchased arsenic, though none was ever traced directly to the possession of Katharine Nairn, nor was any found on the premises at Eastmiln. I should like very much to know, if any of your correspondents can inform me, what was the opinion of the contemporaries and associates of the Ogilvies as to the guilt of the two quoted from the above nearly thirty years ago SHADDOCK.-What is the date of Capt. Shaddock; and what is known of his life or death? He is said to have transplanted the shaddock tree from China to the West Indies in the beginning of the eighteenth century. WALTER W. SKEAT. WORDS OF SONG WANTED.-Where can I find the words of a song set to music by Maître Adam, beginning with the lines, Aussitôt que la lumière, A redoré nos côteaux, CLARENDON HOUSE.-In the Quarterly Review, June 1852, p. 204, mention is made of the house of the great chancellor and of the celebrated hotel built on its site, "it is said, some small fragments," I think there are three verses, but can only recall i. e., of the old house, remain. Does anybody know whether that was a fact? If so, some part may still be remaining, as the Albemarle Street portion has been little altered. C. A. WARD. Walthamstow. 6 SIR ARCHIBALD GALLOWAY, K.C.B.-Where can I find a complete list of his works? Of the four referred to in the obituary notice in Gent. Mag. (N.S. xxxiii. 660-2) the British Museum appears only to possess The Observations on the Law and Constitution and Present Government of India.' G. F. R. B. THE LEASES.-Can any one tell me the names of those to whom the Leases, Bedale, Yorks, has belonged? HISTORICUS. two. D. R. 'SKETCHES FROM St. George's FIELDS,' 2 vols. 12mo.-In Bohn's edition of Lowndes this book is ascribed to John Cam Hobhouse, Lord Broughton. Can any reader of 'N. & Q.' give me any information about it, or inform me where a copy of it can be seen? G. F. R. B. artist who signed P.V.? It occurs frequently on MONOGRAM P.V.-Is it known who was the the woodcuts in 'Heures en Françoys & Latin,' by Macé Bonhome, 1558. He seems to have been a fertile and clever designer of ornament. J. C. J. BORDER HERALDRY.-In 'Lady Baby,' a novel now running in Blackwood, the author, at p. 350 of the number for March, referring to a seal on a letter says, "Those three stars on an azure ground figured very generally in the arms of those families whose ancestors have lived on the Borders and have been partial to starlight excursions." there any foundation for this statement historically or heraldically; or is it merely a pleasing fiction? this The Murrays bear silver stars on an azure ground, and the tribal arms of Sutherland and Innes show mullets, differently tinctured. ROSSETTI'S SONNETS.-I have been writing upon To all the spirits of Love that wander by Has Rossetti left on record his reasons for the St. Andrews, N.B. GEORGE ANGUS. Is CRISS-CROSS ROW.-In Mr. Spurden's supple Sonnet lviii. ("True woman," iii. "Her ment to Forby in the English Dialect Society's heaven"): If to grow old in heaven is to grow young (As the seer saw and said). Who is this seer? Dante? If so, where shall I find the saying? What is the interpretation of sonnet xcviii., "He and I"? C. C. B. 'POLITICAL AND FRIENDLY POEMS,' London, 1758.-A correspondent of N. & Q., signing W., reprinted glossaries of 1879 this is explained as "the alphabet as it stood in the horn-book, in the shape of Christ's cross, the consonants in the vertical, and the vowels in the horizontal part. Alas! a horn-book, such as I learned my letters from, would already be a thing for a museum. Can any reader of 'N. & Q.' explain more fully the arrangement of the alphabet here referred to? In my quotations for the word the alphabet is said to have been so called because it began with Christ's |