3. excipiat: optative subjunctive.

porta: sc. castrorum.
fati... hora benigni: 6, 577 f.,

4. sidere: see note on 7, 195. C.I.L. vi, 19055, 10 set celerat quo nos fata benigna vocant.'

5. Veneris... Marti: in 2, 31, a typical pair of lovers.

581;

6. Samia in the island of Samos, Juno (Hera) was especially revered; cf. Verg. Aen. 1, 15 f. quam Iuno fertur terris magis omnibus unam posthabita coluisse Samo. See § 142.

7. commoda: see note on 1. 1.

communia: i.e. of all soldiers. All

ne: the clause would naturally be

the advantages mentioned in 11. 1-60 are of this kind.

8. haut: see note on II, 17.

consecutive, but the idea of design intrudes; cf. Liv. XL, 15, 6 ita me gessi, ne tibi pudori...essem.

togatus: see note on 1. 33 paganum.

9. dissimulet: ut is understood; cf. 13, 36; 9, 70 ut dissimules. 10. excussos... dentes: 3, 301 paucis cum dentibus inde reverti. 12. relictum: i.e. in its socket; cf. 6 B, 2 (p. 41).

13. Bardaicus... calceus: the soldier's boot' for the soldier himself; cf. 1. 24 caligas and see note on 3, 322.

The Bardaei or Vardaei were

The legal procedure here referred to is known only from this satire, which is not the best kind of source for such information. The praetor, before whom the complaint is laid, seems to have appointed a centurion to preside over a military court for such cases."

14. grandes... surae: other centurions who compose the iudices; cf. 14, 195 and see note on 14, 194. subsellia: cf. 1. 44.

15. Camilli: M. Furius Camillus was regarded as the founder of the Roman military organization; cf. Liv. v, 2, 1.

16. vallum... extra: on anastrophe, see § 126. According to a decision of Hadrian milites (non) avocandi sunt a signis vel muneribus perhibendi testimonii causa (Digest. XXII, 5, 3, 6).

18. derit: see note on 3, 303.

20. cohors: sc. praetoria; see note on 1. 2.

tamen: even though a

just verdict should be rendered by the military court.

21. curabilis: yielding to treatment,' ,' i.e. easy to bear.' The penalty is for the soldier curabilis but for the civilian gravior quam (the original) iniuria.1

23. mulino: a type of stupidity, as now of obstinacy; cf. Catull. 83, 3

1 See Harkness, Trans. Am. Phil. Assoc., xxx, 1899, p. 75.

2 J. Dürr, 1. 1. p. 448, gives reasons for regarding Hadrian as the author of this regulation.

• This is a regular use of curabilis in late Latin: see examples in Mayor.

4 So Weidner and Friedl., but Mayor renders curabilis, 'requiring medical treatment,'

and therefore leaving the civilian in worse condition than he was before.

mule, nihil sentis. Similarly asinus and English 'ass.'

see note on 13, 119.

24. duo: 'only two.'

322.

Vagelli :

caligas... clavorum: see notes on 3, 248,

25. procul: the distance, though not really great, will serve as an excuse for unwilling witnesses and supporters; see note on 1. 2.

26. Pylades: i.e. amicus; see § 51.1 aggeris: see note on 5, 153.

28. excusaturos: see § 118, d.

29. da testem: see note on 3, 137.

30. vidi: of a witness also in 7, 13.

molem... ultra: see § 126.

non sollicitemus: see § 77.

audeat as protasis; see § 107.

31. barba... capillis: see note on 4, 103.

pudorem :

33. paganum: 'civilian,' in contrast to miles; cf. Tac. Hist. I, 53, 5 inter paganos corruptior miles; Plin. Ep. vII, 25, 6; Suet. Aug. 27. 34. fortunam: 'possessions'; see note on 14, 328. 'honor'; see note on 8, 83. On the caesura, see § 147, b. 35. praemia: see note on 1. 1. 36. sacramentorum: the military oath used for the service; cf. Tac. Hist. 1, 5 miles urbanus longo Caesarum sacramento inbutus.

notemus: see note on 15, 45.

37. campum ... ademit: for a similar injustice, cf. 14, 145 (note). 38. sacrum... saxum: Sen. Phaed. 528 f. nullus in campo sacer divisit agros arbiter populis lapis. The stones (termini) which marked the boundaries of property were under the protection of the god Terminus.

39. puls annua libo: at the Terminalia, which was celebrated each year on February 23, the termini were crowned with garlands, and cake and bloodless sacrifices were offered; cf. Ovid, Fast. 11, 641 ff. Termine, sive lapis, sive es defossus in agro stipes...te duo diversa domini de parte coronant binaque serta tibi binaque liba ferunt. For puls, see note on 14, 171.

40. non reddere nummos: see note on 13, 16.

=

41. ligni: see notes on 1, 25; 13, 136, 137 (almost the same verse). 42. qui lites inchoet annus: Serv. Aen. II, 102 annus litium = Sen. Ep. 18, 1 dies rerum agendarum Plin. Ep. IX, 25, 3 rerum actus, i.e. the time of year when courts are sitting. In the press of judicial business at that time each must await his turn."

44. subsellia: on which the iudices sit; cf. 1. 14.

45. sternuntur: the cushions are placed in position and the pleaders

1 See Sonny, A.L.L. ix, p. 73; Sutphen, Am. Jour. Phil., xxII, 1901, p. 257.

2 Wlassak in Pauly-Wiss., 1, 332 ff. Mayor, however, rendered: 'we must wait a year for the beginning of the hearing-not of our own individual suit, but of the whole nation's litigation.'

are ready to begin, when the case is still further postponed.

ponente

lacernas: the causidicus must appear before the court in his toga; see

§ 44 and note on 1, 27.

46. Caedicio et Fusco: these names are found also in 13, 197 and 12, 45. micturiente: owing to his excitement; see § 45.

47. pugnamus harena: cf. 7, 173 pugnam; Plin. Ep. VI, 12, 2 in harena mea, hoc est apud centumviros. On the metaphor, see § 127. 48. ast: see note on 3, 69. balteus: the band which ran over the left shoulder and from which the sword was usually suspended.' Cf. Eng. ‘baldric,' which is usually connected with balteus.

50. res atteritur: see note on 3, 24. the drag or clog on a carriage wheel.

sufflamine: in 8, 148 literally

51. testandi ius: the absolute control of his earnings (castrense peculium) was in the hands of the young soldier even while his father was still alive. The same privilege was in late Roman law extended to other classes also."

54. Coranum: the name was probably suggested by Hor. Sat. 11, 5, 57 captatorque dabit risus Nasica Corano, where the circumstances are somewhat similar.3

56. tremulus: see § 114, b and note on 10, 198.

on 3, 129.

captat: see note

favor: Hor. Epist. II, 1, 9 f. non respondere favorem

speratum meritis.*

57. sua dona: 'due rewards.'

58. ducis: the emperor; see note on 4, 145. On the case, see § 89. 60. phaleris: these together with torques and armillae were the dona militaria conferred on the centurion or private soldier for valor or distinguished service; see note on 11, 103.o

The sentence is incomplete: how much of the satire is lost it is impossible to determine. The absence in P of the usual colophon (explicit liber quintus), which concludes each of the preceding books, as well as the appearance of the Ms., makes it probable that in its original form it contained more of the satire than we now possess.*

1 Soldiers in active service regularly wore the sword in this way, if we may trust the reliefs on the columns of Trajan and Marcus Aurelius.

2 Roby, Rom. Priv. Law, 1, p. 175; Leonhard in Pauly-Wiss., III, 1773.

Friedl. in accordance with his theory of Juvenal's use of proper names thinks of

Coranus as a contemporary of the satirist; see § 24.

4 Favor is Ruperti's accepted correction of labor (Pw).

5 See commentators on Pers. 3, 30 ad populum phaleras.

See § 28; Buecheler, Rhein. Mus., xxix, p. 636 and in Friedl. p. 114; Beer, Spicil. Iuv., pp. 46 f.

INDEX

References to the Introduction are in Roman numerals for the page and preceded by the sign § for the section; references to the Commentary are by satire and verse.

Ablative in -i, § 39; with idoneus, 14, 71; | Aemilius, 7, 124.

Accusative of inner object, § 81; after Afra avis, 11, 142.