OF THE

PUBLIC BENEFACTIONS

OF

ANDREW CARNEGIE

44668

'This, then, is held to be the duty of the man of wealth: To set an example
of modest, unostentatious living, shunning display or extravagance; to pro-
vide moderately for the legitimate wants of those dependent upon him; and,
after doing so, to consider all surplus revenues which come to him simply
as trust funds, which he is called upon to administer, and strictly bound
as a matter of duty to administer in the manner which, in his judgment, is
best calculated to provide the most beneficial results for the community-the
man of wealth thus becoming the mere trustee and agent for his poorer
brethren."-ANDREW CARNEGIE.

COMPILED AND PUBLISHED

BY

THE CARNEGIE ENDOWMENT
FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE

WASHINGTON

THE RUMFORD PRESS

CONCORD

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28

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FOREWORD

Andrew Carnegie died at his summer home in Lenox, August 11, 1919, in his eighty-fourth year. He was regarded by the world as one of the most remarkable men of his age-and in certain ways he was unique among men of all ages. He was equally great as a man of practical affairs and as an idealist. The present publication reveals both of these qualities operating through great institutions which he founded and endowed for the good of his fellow men. In the thought that he had worked for the realization of certain ideals he discovered the secret of a serene and happy spirit, a characteristic which marked his life, especially after his retirement from business and up to the day of his death. The present volume, already compiled and on the eve of publication at the moment of his death, outlines the beneficent aims of the great foundations he established-their methods and something of their services to mankind. It is therefore the most practical memorial of Andrew Carnegie that can be compiled. It brings together in one volume for the first time the series of remarkable letters which Mr. Carnegie wrote in establishing his public benefactions, each letter revealing some distinct phase of his idealism.

The Manual will also serve a very useful purpose. The general public has but a vague conception of the vast extent of these benefactions and of the noble purposes to which they are dedicated. Some definite idea may be obtained from this volume of the steadily increasing benefits they are destined to confer upon science, education and mankind. The plans of the founder and of the administrators of these great institutions will, as the years roll on, be of cumulative significance.

Mr. Carnegie accumulated large wealth by his remarkable business ability, his tireless industry and his clear prevision of the enormous development of the country of his adoption. His own conception of his duty and his responsibility was that his fortune belonged to the world in which he was permitted to live and under whose laws he was enabled to acquire it. The "Gospel of Wealth" by which he was governed is set forth tersely in the

single sentence on the title page of this Manual, a philosophy which he first formulated in an article in the North American Review for June, 1889, and since published in pamphlet form. This article carries what is in many respects the most remarkable message ever conveyed by one man to his fellow men. The contents of this Manual give some of the evidence, though by no means all of it, that Mr. Carnegie has lived up to his ideals, and that those whom he selected to carry out his trusts are administering them in accordance with these ideals. To group the visible evidences of these ideals, to show at a glance their relations to each other, and to make clear the outcomes already large of this man's consistent and carefully wrought out plans will demonstrate the profound and unselfish desire of a true friend of humanity, and encourage all who hope for a healthier society.

All of Mr. Carnegie's benefactions are here given-many with no little detail, all in the summary beginning page 307.

This Manual has been made possible by the cooperation of persons best informed in the matters presented. Credit for the articles, changed by the editor in matters of detail and of unity only, is due to the following: Carnegie Institute, Pittsburgh, by Samuel H. Church, President; Carnegie Institution of Washington, by Robert S. Woodward, President; Carnegie Hero Fund Commission, by Charles L. Taylor, President; Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching, by Henry S. Pritchett, President; Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, by S. N. D. North, Assistant Secretary; Carnegie Corporation of New York, by John A. Poynton, formerly Secretary to Mr. Carnegie; Carnegie United Kingdom Trust, by John Ross, Chairman of the Board of Trustees; Carnegie Trust for the Universities of Scotland, also by John Ross; Carnegie Dunfermline Trust, also by John Ross; Simplified Spelling Board, by Henry Gallup Paine, Secretary; Church Peace Union, by Frederick Lynch, Secretary; Library Buildings, Church Organs and Colleges, by James Bertram, Secretary of the Carnegie Corporation of New York; Summary Statement of Gifts, also by Mr. Bertram.

S. N. D. NORTH,

Editor.