At length in June, 1745, the pretender Charles Edward Stuart sailed from France, and after meeting with many difficulties landed in Scotland and raised his standard. He was joined by a few of the Clans; foremost among them the Camerons. The McIntoshes had suffered so much in the rising of 1715, that few of them were left for the war of '45. But these few were led to the field by a woman, by Lady McIntosh, a near relative of John More McIntosh of Georgia, who had married her kinsman McIntosh of Mary Hall, a branch of the family that had attached themselves to the house of Brunswick.

A reference to Smollet, vol. iii., p. 150, will show the progress of Prince Charles and the cruelties practised on his adherents by the forces sent to quell the rebellion and arrest his career. Not Alaric with his Goths nor Attila with his Luns ever carried desolation farther than did the recreant Generals Cope and Hawley their exterminating wrath upon the unfortunate people of Scotland.

Is it to be wondered at that General Oglethorpe who commanded the English horse, and was a witness of these outrages, (in modern times without example,) and that too upon the relatives and friends of men who had served with him in Georgia, and followed his steps through dangers and difficulties from which these murderers would have shrunk abashed or fled;-is it to be wondered, that his generous mind revolted at such cruelties? that he first complained, then remonstrated, to the Duke of Cumberland; and at length broke out in indignant wrath against Cope and Hawley, the immediate instruments of all these barbarities?

It is in relation to this attack upon Cope and Hawley, that Horace Walpole, the invidious retailer of old stories, and the recorder of the idle gossip of the day, himself incapable of feeling as General Oglethorpe felt, or of acting as General Oglethorpe acted, has been pleased to style him a bully. It was in consequence too, of this attack upon Cope and Hawley, and his strong remonstrances to the Duke of Cumberland, that a court martial was gotten up against General Oglethorpe, under a charge of not having pursued at Carlisle the retreating forces of Prince Charles. A court martial held upon one who had given the first check to the Prince, and by men whom the Prince had defeated with less than

half the numbers they commanded! General Oglethorpe was honorably acquitted.

There still remained one blow which was to afflict him sorely. He had recruited his own regiment, selected his own officers; and they had followed him undismayed by the enemies that surrounded him, or the treachery of apparent friends. He had no children, and he had learned to feel for these companions in arms a father's love. These were now to be torn from his command. His regiment, by the will of the court and the Duke of Cumberland, was to be disbanded and scattered through the wilds of America. Those men who had met the Indian tribes in Georgia in friendship and in fellowship, were to meet some of these very tribes in hostile and deadly combat. Captain McKay with two companies were to be sent to Virginia, to encounter the western tribes. Captains Demeré and Stuart were to be sent to Carolina to encounter the Cherokees. But wheresoever a Scottish cap or a Highland plaid was seen, it became a symbol of peace, a flag of protection. This blow upon his regiment had well nigh overwhelmed General Oglethorpe. It sickened him of the world, and he felt emphatically that all is vanity and vexation of spirit. From henceforth all search after fame was at an end. He turned for consolation to the reminiscences of the past, to the hopes of the future, to the bosom of his wife, to the affections of his friends.

In 1747, he withdrew from parliament and for thirty-eight years enjoyed undisturbed repose; honored by the wise, respected by the good. We never hear of him from fortyseven to eighty-five, when he closed his calm and happy life, but in terms of praise. We never hear his name, but in eulogy. And what has become of his enemies!

General Oglethorpe's mind was deeply enriched with knowledge. In his long retirement from public life, he was the constant associate and companion of the literary men of the day; and it is only from this association that we can now know, how this long retirement was passed. And happily we have enough before us to show that the disappointment of his higher hopes, had not soured his temper, or ruffled his disposition. The first fifty years of his life, had been given to the public and to his country; the last forty were given to his friends; and with such extracts as we

find in Boswell and others, we will close this article, satisfied that enough has been said, deeply to endear his memory to all who may read what is written.

The following simple but interesting narrative, shows how Boswell became acquainted and intimate with General Oglethorpe. As it is characteristic of the frank and liberal character of General Oglethorpe, it is inserted, although not in its proper place.

"Let me here be allowed to pay my tribute of most sincere gratitude, to the memory of that excellent person, my intimacy with whom was the more valuable to me, because my first acquaintance with him was unexpected and unsolicited. Soon after the publication of my Account of Corsica,' he did me the honor to call on me, and approaching me with a frank, courteous air, said, 'My name, sir, is Oglethorpe, and I wish to be acquainted with you.' I was not a little flattered to be thus addressed by an eminent man, of whom I had read in Pope from my early years,

'Or driven by strong benevolence of soul,
Will fly, like Oglethorpe, from pole to pole.'

"I was fortunate to be found worthy of his good opinion, insomuch that I was not only invited to make one in the many respectable companies, whom he entertained at his table, but had a cover at his hospitable board, every day when I happened to be disengaged; and in his society I never failed to enjoy learned and animated conversation, seasoned with genuine sentiments of virtue and religion."

At Boswell's second visit to London in 1762, he became acquainted with General Oglethorpe ; and the following extracts are taken from his works, in his several visits to London down to 1781. The last from a note in his work after the death of General Oglethorpe. They all tell the deep veneration felt for him. Even by the stern moralist himself, as well as by his whole school. Johnson's "London," was published in May, 1738. One of the warmest patrons of this poem was General Oglethorpe, "whose strong benevolence of soul," was unabated during the course of a very long life, though it is painful to think, that he had but too much reason to become cold and callous and discontented with the world, from the neglect which he experienced of his public and private worth by those in whose power it was,

to gratify so gallant a veteran with marks of distinction. This extraordinary person was as remarkable for his learning and taste as for his other eminent qualities; and no man was more prompt, active, and generous in encouraging merit. I have heard Johnson gratefully acknowledge in his presence the kind and effectual support which he gave to his "London," though unacquainted with its author.

I

Extract second, vol. 2, page 163.-"I dined with Johnson at General Oglethorpe's where we found Goldsmith. started the question, Whether duelling was consistent with moral duty. The brave old General fired at this and said with a lofty air, Undoubtedly, a man has a right to defend his honor.' Goldsmith (turning to me) I ask you first, sir, what would you do if you were affronted?" I answered, I should think it necessary to fight.' Why then,' replied Goldsmith, that solves the question.'

6

"Johnson.—No, sir, it does not solve the question. It does not follow that what a man would do, is therefore right. The General told us that when he was a very young man, I think fifteen only serving under Prince Eugene of Savoy, he was sitting in a company at table, with a Prince of Wirtemburg. The Prince took up a glass of wine, and by a fillip made some of it fly in Oglethorpe's face. Here was a nice dilemma. To have challenged him instantly, might have fixed a quarrelsome character upon the young soldier. To have taken no notice of it might have been considered as cowardice. Oglethorpe therefore keeping his eye upon the Prince, and smiling all the time as if he took what his Highness had done as a jest, said, 'Mon Prince,' (I forget the French words he used, the purport however was) that is a good joke, but we do it much better in England,' and threw a whole glass of wine in the Prince's face. An old general who sat by said, 'Il a bien fait, mon Prince, vous l'avez commencé; thus all ended in good humor. Dr. Johnson said, 'Pray, General, give us an account of the siege of Belgrade.' Upon which the General, pouring a little wine upon the table, described every thing with a wet finger. Here we were; here were the Turks, &c. &c.' Johnson listened with the closest attention.”

Extract, page 327.-"On Monday, I dined with Johnson at General Oglethorpe's, with Mr. Langton and the Irish Doctor Campbell, whom the General had obligingly given

me leave to bring with me. This learned gentleman was thus gratified with a very high intellectual feast, by not only being in company with Doctor Johnson, but with General Oglethorpe, who had been so long a celebrated name, both at home and abroad. 1775."

These extracts from Boswell, have been made particularly to show his long, unbroken intimacy with the literary men of England. They might have been multiplied, but they are sufficient. They serve also to show the early period at which he had resigned his commission in the Guards, and become a volunteer with Prince Eugene; and of course will in some degree establish his age. And they confirm beyond question, the bitterness which the ruling party of England felt towards him, and how very improbable it is that they should have offered him any command at the commencement of the American war, a command that if offered to him, and if his age had permitted him to accept, he would have spurned with indignation; as we know from the sentiments expressed by him, of the character and principles of that war, to all who had an opportunity of hearing his sentiments at the time. An attempt was made to introduce his name into the first commission sent out to negotiate with the first congress. But believing that the commission was intended to be delusive, and only designed to abate American zeal, to divide the American people, and to unnerve the American arm, at the first overture the proposition was civilly declined.

In youth, General Oglethorpe was very handsome, and through life retained the power of pleasing in a high degree.

Mrs. Hannah More, in a letter to her sister dated 1784, says: "I have got a new admirer, and we flirt together prodigiously. It is the famous Gen. Oglethorpe, perhaps the most remarkable man of his time. He was the fosterbrother of the Pretender, and much above ninety years old. The finest figure you ever saw. He frequently realizes all my ideas of Nestor. His literature is great; his knowledge of the world extensive, and his faculties as bright as ever. He is one of the three persons mentioned by Pope, still living; Lord Mansfield, and Lord Marchmont are the other two. He was the intimate friend of Southern, the Tragic Poet, and all the wits of that time. He is perhaps the oldest man of a gentleman living; and he could have entertained me by re