General System Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications |
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Page 40
... theory of open systems , the apparent contradiction between entropy and evolution disappears . In all irreversible processes , entropy must increase . Therefore , the change of entropy in closed systems is always positive ; order is ...
... theory of open systems , the apparent contradiction between entropy and evolution disappears . In all irreversible processes , entropy must increase . Therefore , the change of entropy in closed systems is always positive ; order is ...
Page 149
Foundations, Development, Applications Ludwig von Bertalanffy. Some Characteristics of Open Systems We express this by saying that living systems are basically open systems ( Burton , 1939 ; von Bertalanffy , 1940a , Chapter 5 ) . An open ...
Foundations, Development, Applications Ludwig von Bertalanffy. Some Characteristics of Open Systems We express this by saying that living systems are basically open systems ( Burton , 1939 ; von Bertalanffy , 1940a , Chapter 5 ) . An open ...
Page 157
... theory of such systems , therefore , would be a unifying prin- ciple capable ... theory of open systems is part of a general system theory . This doctrine is concerned with principles that ... Open System 157 Open Systems and Cybernetics.
... theory of such systems , therefore , would be a unifying prin- ciple capable ... theory of open systems is part of a general system theory . This doctrine is concerned with principles that ... Open System 157 Open Systems and Cybernetics.
Contents
Introduction | 1 |
The Meaning of General System Theory | 29 |
Limitations | 38 |
Copyright | |
15 other sections not shown
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allometric animals appears applied approach aspects atoms basic Bertalanffy biological catabolism causality cell characteristics chemical classical classical physics closed systems complex components consideration considered constant contrast cultural cybernetics decision theory defined differential equations dynamic elements energy entities entropy equifinality equilibrium essentially evolution example experience expressed fact feedback fields formulation functions game theory homeostasis homeostatic human behaviour important increase individual information theory interaction isomorphic kinetics language laws living organism living systems logical Lotka Ludwig von Bertalanffy machine mathematical means mechanisms mechanistic mental metabolic rate modern nature open systems organismic phenomena philosophy physics physiological possible present principle problems processes protein psychology psychophysical quantitative reaction reality regulations relations schizophrenia scientific sense servomechanisms similar so-called social sciences society sociology specific steady structure symbolic system theory teleology theoretical theory of open thermodynamics tion universe vitalistic Volterra whole world picture