REMARKS ON VERBS IN .

Active Voice.

1. In the third person plural of the imperative, in Attic, the termination -όντων is more usual than -έτωσαν. The former occurs even in the Ionic writers; as, Il. 8. 517, ἀγγελλόντων; Od. 1. 340, πινόντων. The form -έτωσαν, however, is found in the older Attics occasionally; as, Thucyd. 1. 34, paléτwσav; Plat. Leg. 6. p. 759, D., PepÉTwoαν.

2. The form in -óvτwv was also used by the Dorians. Some Doric tribes omitted the v; as, ποιούντω, ἀποστειλávτw; whence the Latin imperative in the third person plural, amanto, docento.

3. The optative in -out, -que, particularly in the contracted verbs, has also in Attic the terminations -oínv, -wnv; as, ποιοίην, φιλοίην, διερωτῴην, &c. This form -οίην is also found in Ionic and Doric writers. The termination in -oíŋv occurs less frequently in the barytone verbs than in the contracted ones; yet still we have, in Attic, διαβαλοίην, φανοίην, πεποιθοίη, &c.

4. In some perfects in -nka the Ionians rejected the let ters ŋ in the dual and plural; not, however, in the singular; as, τέθνατον, τέθναμεν, τέθνατε, τεθνᾶσι. Besides τέθνηκα and ἕστηκα, the form βέβηκα is also syncopated in this way by the Attic writers ; as, βέβαμεν, βεβᾶσι, &c.

5. The primitive form of the pluperfect, which occurs in Homer and Herodotus, was -ea; in the third person, -ee; as, éyeyóvee, άtoßeßýкee. Hence arose, on the other hand, the Doric form -ea; as, ovvayayóxeia, and, on the other, by contraction, the Attic form - in the first person; as, dŋ.

6. Instead of the termination -eloav for the pluperfect, the form coav is almost universal in Ionic and Attic; as, ἀκηκόεσαν, ἐγεγόνεσαν.

7. Instead of the form -a, in the first aorist of the op tative, the Attics chiefly use the primitive Æolic form -eid, -elas, -ele, after the example of the Ionians and Dorians, but only in the second and third persons singular and third person plural.