July 24, the queen of Scots resigns the crown to her son, and makes the earl of Murray, regent, hls and July 29, her said son, James VI. is crowned. bc st cl* Captain Dominique de Gourges, with three ships, sails from France to Florida April 1568, arrives in the river May, slays most of the Spaniards, takes their forts, razes them and in June, arrives at Rochelle. ps And thus the French attempts on Florida end. † Y. C. 1568.-May 16, st or 17 cm the queen of Scots comes into England; and is soon secured. st cm Y. C. 1570.-Cartwright, Margarets professor of Divinity, at Cambridge, begins to oppose the hierarchy, and is deprived. str Y. C. 1571.-The Parliament of England begin; and make an act, to deprive all clergymen who subscribe not to the thirty-nine articles, k upon which many clergymen are deprived. st str Y. C. 1562.-August 24, and few days after, seventy thousand Protestants massacreed in Paris, and other parts of France.c November 20, n the first Presbyterian church in England set up at Wadsworth near London; when they choose eleven elders. st Y. C. 1574.-May 30, Charles IX. of France, dies and his brother Henry III. reigns. st p Y. C. 1575.-May 17, Archbishop Parker dies, st hl and Feb. 15, Edmund Grindal elected archbishop of Canterbury. st Y C. 1576.-June 15, Captain Frobisher sails from Blackwall, st June 18, from Harwich, c m to find a northwest passage to the East Indies: July 20, discovers a Cape he calls queen Elizabeth's Poreland; and then the Straits which bear his name; st August 9, enters a bay in lat. 63, c m sails 60 leagues, lands, takes a savage, st But the ice obliges him to return; and arrives in England, September 24. c m § Y. C. 1577.-December 13, Captain Francis Drake sails from Plymouth round the world, and returns to Plymouth, November 3, 1580. st cm ps Y. C. 1579.-January 23, the seven Dutch Provinces unite at Utrecht. tt Sir Humphry Gilbert obtains a patent of queen Elizabeth, for places not possessed by any christian prince, provided he takes possession within six years. har Y. C. 1581.-January 16, the Parliament of England meet, and enact a fine of 20 pounds a month, on every one that comes not to Common Prayer, k and in July, sundry are fined. st Y. C. 1582.-October 5, the new style begins, which calls it the fifteenth. ri slc Robert Brown publishes a book upon Reformation, n wherein he writes against the Common Prayer, st and condemns the Church of England, as no Church. cm Y. C. 1583.-June 4, Elias Thacker, and (June 6) John Coping put to death at Bury, in Suffolk, for spreading Brown's books against the Common Prayer. st June 11, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, sails from Plymouth, for Newfoundland; August 1, arrives at the bay of Conception; August 3, at the harbour of St. *hls mistakes in placing the coronation on July 19. N. B. The attempts of Soto and Naruaz were on the west side of Cape Florida, in the country since called Mississippi; but the French attempts on the east side, in the country since called Carolina. cm Camden. n Neal's History of the Puritans. The hierarchy is the lordly government of the church by archbishops, diosesan bishops, deans, archdeacons, &c. § Stow seems to mistake in placing his arrival in England in August. tt. Petit. har. Harris. stc. Strauchius. Johns:* August 5, takes possession; August 20, sails for the southern parts; August 29, loses a ship on the shoals of Sablon; August 31, turns homeward; at midnight after September 6, he sinks in a great storm; and September 22, the other ship arrives at Falmouth. har July 6, Archbishop Grindal dies; and September 23, John Whitgift made Archbishop of Canterbury, st who zealously presses subscription to the Articles and Common Prayer; which occasions incredible distraction in the church. cm Y. C. 1584.-March 25, sir Walter Raleigh obtains a patent of queen Elizabeth, for foreign parts not possessed by any christian prince. ps April 27, he sends Philip Amidas and Arthur Barlow in two barks, ps s from the Thames; July 2, descry the coast of Florida; sail 40 leagues for a harbour; enter one, seven leagues west of Roanoak: s July 13, take possession for queen Elizabeth; and from her call the country Virginia; ps ↑ July end, they come to Roanoak; and in the middle of September,arrive in England. s Y. C. 1585.-April 9, sir Walter sends sir Richard Greenvil pss from Plymouth; June 20, falls in with Florida; June 26, anchors at Wococon, ps leaves the first colony of above one hundred people under Mr. Ralph Lame, at Roanoak: ps s July 25, sir Richard sails, discovering the coast northeastward, to the Chesepians, ps and September 18, arrives at Plymouth. s Captain John Davis sails from England, to find a northwest passage to the East Indies; sails up 66 deg. north, in the straits that bear his name; the next year to 80 deg. and afterward to 83 deg. cm Y. C. 1586.-January 1, sir Francis Drake arrives at Hispaniola, ct cm takes St. Domingo; sails to the continent and takes Cartagena; sails to Florida; et st cm May 29, takes St. John's Fort at St. Augustine; § June 9, arrives within six leagues of the English at Roanoak; and June 18, sails with this first colony for England. ct A fortnight after, arrives sir Richard Greenvil; and not finding the first, leaves there a second colony of fifteen men, ps or fiftys, and returns to England. ps s Y. C. 1587.-Feb. 8, the queen of Scots beheaded in England. st cm Sir Walter sends another company to Virginia under Mr. John White, governor, with a charter and twelve assistants; July 22, arrives at Hatarask, finds the second colony at Roanoak destroyed, ps and lands one hundred and fifteen for a third plantation. s August 13, Manteo, the first savage baptized; August 18, the first English child born of Mrs. Dare, and named Virginia, s and August 27, the governor sails home for supplies. ps Y. C. 1588.-July, the Spanish armada destroyed in the channel of England. st cm Y. C. 1589-July 22, king Henry III. of France, stabbed, c by a jacobin friar, d dies the next day, c and Henry IV. succeeds. cp *He finds here twenty Portuguese and Spanish fishing vessels, and sixteen of other nations. har ps Purchas. s Smith. This country is since called North Carolina; and the land northeastward succeeds in the name Virginia. These Straits running up near due north and so near the Pole, and having different coloured people on the several sides, seem to be the dividing sea between Greenland and America. ct Cate's account of this voyage, printed in 1589. Both cm and ps mistake St. Anthony's for St. John's; and also in saying, that he took St. Helena. See Cate's account, who was in the voyage. # Y. C. 1590.-March 20, governor White sails from Plymouth; s August 15, arrives at Hatarask, but finding not a man of the third colony, returns. ps s Y. C. 1593.-April 6, Henry Barrow, gent. and John Greenwood, clerk, put to death at Tyburn, for publishing certain books hs against the hierarchy. n May 28, n Mr. John Penry put to death at St. Thomas Watering's hs for a manuscript found in his study against the hierarchy and persecution. n Y. C. 1598.-The French king grants the marquis de la Roche, a cominission to conquer Canada and other countries not possessed by any christian prince; pr and in April gives the famous edict of Nantz, to the protestants. q September 3, Philip II. king of Spain dies, p hs aged seventy-two, hs and his son Philip III. succeeds. p hs Y. C. 1602.-March 26, Captain Bartholomew Gosnold sails from Falmouth, for the north part of Virginia, with thirty-two persons; twelve of whom are to begin a plantation; May 10, discovers land in 43 deg. ; sails along the shore to May 15; when he sees a head land in 42 deg.; anchors, and catching great store of cod fish, names it Cape Cod, and goes ashore; May sixteen, sails round the Cape; May 21, discovers an Ísland in 41 and 15; May 22, lands, and calls it Martha's Vineyard; May 24, comes to another next it, which he names Dover Cliff; and then to another, which he calls Elizabeth Island; May 31, lands on the Main, and returns to Elizabeth Island; June 1, determines on a settlement here, and begins a fort; June 13, the men who were to stay, recant and resolve for England; June 17, they all set sail; and Friday, July 23, arrive at Exmouth. ps Y. C. 1603.-March 24, queen Elizabeth dies, aged 70; cm hs and James VI. of Scotland, proclaimed king of England, hs and begins the British Monarchy. *Thus the third colony of old Virginia is broken up; and though sir Walter sends five times to seek them, ps yet never one of them found to this day, 1622. s NEW ENGLAND CHRONOLOGY. PART I. From the beginning of the British monarchy, in the accession of king James, the first monarch of Great Britain, March 24, 1602-3, to the beginning of the New England colonies, in the settlement of the first at Plymouth, December 31, 1620. Being a brief account of matters relating to those new discovered countries, while settled only by the aboriginal natives. Reciting the several voyages from England thither; with the most material affairs, especially of Great Britain, that led the way to their settlement by English inhabitants. HAVING passed through the seven great periods of time, from the Creation to the beginning of the British empire, with the discovery of that Indian shore which is soon to be the theatre of our Chronology, a new face of things appears, both to the western parts of Europe, and the eastern of America. For though 110 years are elapsed, since the new world became known to the old, yet neither the French, Dutch, nor English, nor any but Spaniards, have made any effectual settlement in these new found regions. And as the gold and silver mines had drawn the Spaniards to the southern and western quarters, I cannot find, at this point of time, so much as one European family in all the vast extent of coast from Florida to Greenland. The reason of which I take to be that the next year after Columbus's Discovery, the Pope was pleased to give the Crown of Spain the sole title to all the lands lying above one hundred leagues west from the meridian of the Azores; the Bull was signed at Rome, May 4, 1493;* and such was then the ignorance that reigned in Europe, as scarce any thought but he had a right to give them. Within thirty years, indeed, the Reformation coming on, began to open the eyes of many; yet both England, Scotland, Ireland, France, and the Netherlands, were so fully engaged for near fourscore years, with their own internal broils about religion, as well as mutual wars on this and other accounts, that they had neither power nor leisure to attend to foreign settlements. But in 1598, France was quieted with the edict of Nantz, in April; and by a peace in May, with Philip, king of Spain and Portugal. Just before queen Elizabeth died, the disturbances in Ireland were quelled; and she expired in peace with all the princes and states in Europe, except Philip king of Spain, and archduke Albert sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands. And king James, as king of Scotland, being then in amity with all the world, upon his accession to the English throne, the two British crowns became united in him; and, as king of England, he soon left the Dutch to defend themselves, and concluded a peace with king Philip and archduke Álbert. So that all the western powers of Europe were in tranquillity, except that the war continued between the Dutch on one side, and the king of Spain with the archduke on the other. The French and English being thus at liberty, began to look more seriously now than ever, to the new found world. First they send to fish and trade, and then to settle; the French at Canada and Acadia, the English to south and north Virginia, Newfoundland, and Burmudas. For the English at this time extend Virginia from Florida to the Bay of Fundy, divide it into south and north; and the north is that we are now to attend; though it seems not to take the name of New England till 1614. Many attempts are made to settle this rough and northern country; first by the French, who would fain account it part of Canada; and then by the English; and both from mere secular views. But such a train of crosses accompany the designs of both these nations, that they seem to give it over as not worth the planting; till a pious people of England, not allowed to worship their Maker according to his institutions * See the Bull in Purchas and Harris. |