122

123

125

127
138

15

Nerva

Trajan

Adrian

John writes the Revelations; and Quintilian dies. c
Sept. 18th, Domitian killed, aged 45, sd cp * And
Chosen by the Senate, reigns one year, four months,
nine days. d c

Apollonius Tyaneus dies, aged 100. d ph tl

Tacitus writes of the German manners. c January 27th, Neva dies, aged 66 dcp And

A Spaniard hd reigns nineteen years, six months, fifteen days. dept

John the Apostle dies, at Ephesus. c

Clemens Romanus dies, p and the Apostolic age

ends.

II. CENTURY.

Pliny, Jr. goes Proconsul to Bithynia. c
Ignatus thrown to the lions at Rome. c t
Trajan subdues Armenia, and extends the empire
from the Euphrates to the Tigris. d c

He takes Arbela, &c. and subdues Assyria. d c
Aug. 10th, he dies, in Cilicia, aged 64. c p And
A Spaniard also, reigns twenty years, eleven months.
dc

Plutarch flourishes. c

Adrian goes into Britain, e and builds a military
wall of eighty miles in length. hr
Appian, the historian, flourishes. h

Ptolemy begins his celestial observations, at Alexan-
dria. c

Suetonius, the historian, flourishes. ch

July 10th, Adrian dies, aged 63. dcp And
Antoninus Pius reigns 22 years, 7 months, 26 days cp

He makes his son-in-law, Lucius Verus, his col-
league. dc p

Justin Martyr, a philosopher, becomes a Christian. c
Pausanias writes his history. c

Justin, the historian, h Galen, the Physician, and
Aquila, flourish. c

Arrian, the historian, flourishes. c

Diogenes Laertius, flourishes. h

Justin Martyr writes his first apology, ch

March 6th, Antoninus dies, aged 75, c and his sonin-law

Reigns nineteen years, eleven days. d c

Justin Martyr writes his second apology. c

June 1st, he is beheaded at Rome. c

Christianity countenanced by royal authority in
Britain. c

March 22d. Polycarp burnt at Smyrna. cp

In Dec. Lucius Verus, emperor, dies. c

The last of the twelve Cæsars, (Julius being the first) described by Sueto nius; and in Domitian. The Vespasian family also ends.

ph Philostratus. tl Tillemont. hd Herodian. hr Hearn.

Of obscure birth, and the first emperor that was not a Roman; though he carried the empire to the greatest extent, from the Orcades of Scotland, to the bounds of India. d hd

Petavius says in the year after.

No. Y. C. Emperor.

172 180

Epictetus, the philosopher, flourishes. c

March 16th, Aurelius dies, at Vienna, aged 59, dc p and his son

Commodus Reigns twelve years, nine months, fourteen days, dc p

17

181

182

185

190

192

18

193 Pertinax

212

217

22

Macrinus

218

23

Bassianus

220

221

222

24

226

228

Lucius, a British king, promotes Christianity. c
Theodotion makes his Greek version. c

Origen born, and lives 69 years. cp

The Jewish Misna written. c

Dec. 31st. Commodus strangled, aged 32, dcp And Jan. 1st. chosen by the Senate, reigns eighty-seven days. de p

March 28th, aged 68, he is killed by the soldiers, who sell the empire to

Who reigns sixty-six days. dc p

Niger set up by the army in Syria, and Albinus in
Britain. hd c

June 1st. Julian aged 61, d is killed by

An African, set up by the army in Illyricum, reigns
seventeen years, eight months, three days. dep
Clemens Alexandrinus flourishes. c

Severus beats Niger at Issus, and beheads him at
Antioch. hd c

Tertullian begins to write. c

Severus beats Albinus at Lyons, who is there beheaded. hd c

III. CENTURY.

Symmachus sets out his Greek version. c
Lucius, Florus and Philostratus flourish. h
Irenæus, bishop of Lyons, put to death. c
Severus goes to war in Britain. c p

Minutius Felix flourishes. c

Feb. 4th, Severus dies at York, aged 66, dep and

his sons

And Geta, reign, dhd Caracalla reigns six years, two months, two days. dc p

and

Feb. 25th, he kills his brother Geta, aged 23. dep April 8th, aged 30, d he is killed in Mesopotamia, by the intrigue of

A Moor, chosen by the army.* Reigns one year, one month, twenty-eight days. d c

June 9th, he and his son killed dc by

A Syrian Priest, set up by the soldiers.† Reigns three years, nine months, four days. dc

Julius Africanus, the historian, flourishes. c

Tertullian writes Ad Scapulam. c

March 10th, Bassianus, aged 19, killed by the soldiers, dc and his cousin

Alexander Another Syrian Priest, reigns thirteen years, nine

days. cp

Artaxerxes, a Persian, rebels against the Parthians. c p

Ælian, the historian, flourishes. c

The army first chose Audentius, but he refused the empire. hd

A counterfeit son of Caracalla, and went by the name of Autonine, Avi

tus, Heliogabalus, &c. d

No. Y. C. Emperor.

229

230

231

235

25

236

237

26

238

27

Artaxerxes beats and kills Artabanus, king of Par-
thia, and takes his kingdom. c

Here Dion Cassius ends his Roman history. de
Longinus writes. c

Origen completes his Tripartite Bible. c

March 18th, Alexander killed in Germany, aged 28, hd by

Maximine Set up by the soldiers, reigns two years, six months.

Maximus

Gordian

Gallus

30

253

31

32

254

258

259

33

Gallienus

260
264

266

Emilian

Valerian

Gordian the father and son set up in Africa; but the son being overcome and killed, the father hangs himself, aged 80. c p

In October, Maximine and his son killed at Aquilea. hdc And

Albinus, chosen by the Senate, reign together. hd c p

In March, they are killed by the soldiers, hd c p who

Emperor, aged 14. hd Who reigns six years. cpt
Here Herodian ends his Roman history. hd And
Censorinus writes. c p

In March, Gordian aged 20, is killed in Persia, cp
by Arabs,

Set up by the soldiers, reigns six years. c‡
Cyprian made bishop of Carthage. p

Philip killed in battle at Verona, c by

An Hungarian, set up by the soldiers. Reigns one year, three months. c

He and his son slain in battle by the Goths, cp and Chosen by the soldiers, reigus two years, four months. phr

He and his son killed in battle by his officer, c viz. Set up by the soldiers in Illyricum. But in the third month after they kill him, cp for fear of

Set up by the army in Germany, reigns near seven years. c

Origen dies, aged 70. c

Cyprian, with his Elders, banished. c

Valerian taken and killed by the Persians cp And

his son

Reigns nine years. hr §

Sept. 14th Cyprian beheaded. c

Odenatus of Palmyra, repels the Persians. c

He conquers the eastern part of the empire, and is proclaimed king, cp

He being killed, his queen Zenobia maintains the empire. c

* He had been a Thracian shepherd, of mean birth, and preferred only for his great body and courage. hd

He was the son of Gordian the Elder's daughter. hd

His father had been captain of a band of robbers. c

He was of Moorish extract and born of obscure parents. c

In his reign, about thirty officers set up themselves in divers parts of the

empire, but are at length destroyed. c

NoY. C. Emperor.

268

34

269

270

35

March 21st. Gallienus, aged 50, with his brother, killed at Milan. cp And

Claudius II. A Dalmatian, reigns one year, ten months, fifteen days. hr

Quintillus

39

277

Tacitus

Florian

Probus

282

40

Carus

283

41

Carinus

284

42

285
286

288

291

292

Zenobia seizes upon Egypt c

Claudius, in two or three battles, slays above three hundred thousand Scythians, Goths, &c. cp

Feb. 5th, Claudius dies, cp and his brother

Assumes the empire. cp But

Feb. 22d. the soldiers kill him at Aquilea, cp and choose

A Dacian, of obscure birth, reigns near five years. c p

He takes Zenobia and Palmyra, and puts Longinus to death. cp

Constantine the Great born. p

Jan. 29th. Aurelian is killed near Byzantium. cp
And

Sept. 25th. chosen by the Senate, reigns six months,
twenty days. c p

April 13th. he dies, cp and his brother

Assumes the empire, reigns 2 months, 20 days. c
July 3d. he is killed by the soldiers in Cilicia, cp

And

An Hungarian, chosen by the Senate. Reigns six years, four months. cp

In several battles he slays near four hundred thousand
Germans, recovers sixty cities, and beats them
out of Gaul. c

Nov. 2d. the soldiers kill him in Hungary. c And
An Illyrican, reigns above one year. cp

He dies by lightning in Persia. cp And his sons
And Numerianus, succeed him. ep

April 21st. Numerianus killed in Asia. c

Sabinus sets up in Italy, but Carinus overcomes him at Verona c

Dioclesian An Illyrican, of obscure birth, set up by the soldiers,

reigns twenty years. c

Aug. 29th. begins the Egyptian era of Dioclesian, or era of Martyrs. c p*

Dioclesian beats Carinus in two battles. c

Carinus killed in Mæsia by one of his officers. cp April 1st. Dioclesian makes Maximian his colleague. ср

Carausius sets up in Britain, and reigns seven

years. c

Achilles set up in Egypt. c

Dioclesian and Maximian make Constantius and Galerius, Cæsars cpt

Carausius killed by his intimate Alecto, who reigns in Britain three years. c

* Petavius, from the Alexandrian Chronicle, tells us, that on Sept. 17th, this year, Dioclesian was proclaimed emperor at Chalcedon.

+ Constantius was the son of Eutropius, by the daughter of Crispus, brother to Claudius II. c

No. Y. C. Emperor.

294

295

297

303

304

43

306

44

309

311

312

313

314

315

317

320

321

322

323

Dioclesian overcomes and kills Achilles, and reduces
Egypt. c

Alecto is overcome, and Britain reduced. c
Arnobius writes and flourishes in Africa. p

IV. CENTURY.

In March, the emperors put out a most severe edict against the Christians. cp *

April 1st. p or 21st. c they both lay down their empire. And

Constantius Chlorus reigns in the west, and Galerius in the east, cp and are the first who divide the empire. e v Constantius resigns Italy and Africa to Galerius. c July 25th. Constantius dies at York, cp and his son Constantin The Great, aged 33, reigns thirty years, nine months, twenty-seven days. cp

Sept. 25th, the soldiers at Rome set up Maxentius. cp
Maximian, rising against Constantin, is taken and
put to death. ct

Galerius dies, and Licinius reigns in the east. cp
Constantin declares himself a Christian. c

Sept. 24th he overcomes Maxentius near Rome;
who flying, is drowned in the Tiber,‡ and Constan-
tin recovers Italy. cp

Constantin's son Constantin born. c

Oct. 2d. a number of Bishops meet at Rome, and first condemn Donatus and his followers. cp

Dec. 3d. Dioclesian dies, in retirement, at Salona. c Oct. 8th. Constantin beats Licinius in Hungary; and again, in Thrace and they agree and divide the empire. c v

Arius put out of the Presbytery at Alexandria, on the account of his heresies. c

Constantin's son Constantius born. c

Licinius persecutes the Christians, forbidding them to meet in Synods, &c. e c

Constantin's son Constans born. c

Lactantius writes his divine institutions. c

July 3d. Constantin beats Licinius near Adrionople. sg cl

* Whereby their meetings are dissolved, their Churches pulled down, their Bibles burnt, &c. In Egypt only, which is but one province of the empire, there was 144,000 killed, and 700,000 banished. c

+ So Calvisius, from Zosimus, but Eusebius says he hanged himself, and Petavius sets it in the year of Christ 310.

Here Calvisius says the Cæsarian Indiction of fifteen years begins, observed by the Greeks; but the Roman on Jan. 1st, following, observed by the Latins. But Petavius and Strauchius thus distinguish; the Cæsarian begins Sept. 24th; the Constantinopolitan on Sept. 1st; and the Pontifical, or Roman, on Jan. 1st. following.

sg Sigonius, in Valesius.

sc Socrates Scholasticus.

Petavius and Valesius, from Idatius, place this victory in the following year with the other.