Area, 107,300 square miles. Population, 1861, 18,491,220, of whom 268,372 are soldiers. Govern Expenditures. ment, Constitutional Monarchy, with a Legislature Department of Finance....................... 19,179,219 composed of two Houses. Capital, Berlin. Religion, Evangelical. The reigning sovereign is William I., who was born March 22, 1797, and succeeded his brother, King Frederic William IV., January 2, 1861. 277,300 898,595 11,388,905 5,521,968 1,848,057 Public Instruction, &c... 4,055,865 State. 46 Foreign Affairs.. Justice... Agriculture.. Minister of Justice........Count de Lippe. FINANCES.-The budget for 1863 gives the following estimates of receipts and expenditures in Prussian thalers : The Prussian thaler is worth 73.5 cents, money of the United States. PUBLIC DEBT. The public debt of Prussia in 1863 was XLVI. PERSIA.-Kingdom. The reigning sovereign is Schah Nasser-ed-Din (having also the title of Schahynschah, or king of kings), who was born in 1829, and succeeded his father, Mohammed Schah, in 1848. .Mirza Jussuf. Justice....... ....................Ibrahim Khan. FINANCES.-There are two treasuries, the ecclesiastical, and that of the crown. The receipts of the former are about 7,812,500 thalers, and of the latter 21,875,000 thalers. This thaler is about 73.5 cents of the money of the United States. COMMERCE.-The total annual value of the exports of Persia is about 21,000,000 thalers, and of the imports about 20,950,000. POPULATION. Of the 10,000,000 inhabitants of Persia more than 3,000,000 are nomads; about 4,000,000 live in the rural parts of the country, and about 3,000,000 inhabit the cities. The popu lation of the city of Ispahan is about 180,000,-and that of Teheran 120,000. XLVII. REUSS GREIZ AND SCHLEIZ-Principalities. The reigning sovereign of Reuss-Greiz is Prince succeeded to the principality 8th of Nov. 1859, under guardianship. The reigning sovereign of Reuss-Schleiz is Henry LXVII, who was born Oct. 20, 1789, and succeeded to the principality June, 19, 1854. The imports and exports in 1858 were valued in scudi as follows: Imports.. 13,510,143 11,690,258 The entries and departures of the port of Civita Vecchia in 1862 were Entries... Total. known with any degree of certainty. It was Departures.... States. POPULATION.-Since the annexation (in 1860) of the Romagna, the Marches, and Umbria to the Kingdom of Italy, de facto territorial extent of the Pontifical States only comprehends Rome and the Frosinone, without Ponte Corvo, having together Comark, Viterbo, Civita Vecchia, Vellerti, and a superficies of 4502 square miles, and about 630,000 inhabitants. Director (Personnel)... litzin. Area (in Europe), 2,120,397 square miles. Popu- | Director (Chancellerie)....Major-Gen. S. de Greigh. lation, in Europe (in 1858), 59,330,752; in Asia, 8,328,642; Kingdom of Poland, 4,800,000; Finland, 1,680,000: total population, 74,139,394. Government, Absolute Monarchy. Capital, St. Petersburg. Religion, Greek Church. The reigning sovereign of Russia is the Emperor Alexander II. (Nicolajevitch), who was born 29th April (17th_0.S.), 1818, and succeeded his father Nicholas I. (Paulovitch) 2d March (18th Feb. 0.S.), 1855. MINISTRY. Director (Hydrography)..Rear-Admiral S. Zelenol. Director (Commissariat)..Counsellor of State de (Naval Con Director Auditor-General. Director (Medical Af Schultze. .Rear-Admiral A. Voje- Counsellor of State P. .Charles Rosenberger. Director (Ordnance).......Major-Gen. N. Terentieff. THE RUSSIAN FLEET, 13th June, 1862. Minister of War...........Lieut.-Gen. Milioutine. neers. .Grand Duke Nicholas. Assistant Inspector-General Engineers.... Inspector-General of Chas seurs .....George Duke of Mechlen- Quartermaster-General... Lieut.-Gen. A. Veriguine. THE RUSSIAN ARMY. The army is composed, in general,-1st, of active troops; 2d, of reserves; and, 3d, of irregular troops. According to the reports of the Minister of War, the effective forces of the country, after the reductions made in 1859, stood as follow: Gene- Small steamers........... Total steam-vessels..... Transports.. Total........... 62 The steam-vessels of the navy had (in 1862) an aggregate horse-power of 37,007, and 2387 guns. The sail-vessels had 1301 guns. The total of all Officers. Soldiers. classes of vessels was 311, carrying 3691 guns, exclusive of the armament of the iron-clad frigate. Besides the above, there were three floating docks and 300 vessels for port service. Of the active army there are of infantry, 42 Marine guards and conductors..........og bre divisions, composed of 112 regiments; of cavalry, 9 divisións, composed of 58 regiments; and of ar tillery, 9 divisions, composed of 153 batteries. IMPERIAL NAVAL STAFF. General Admiral...........Grand Duke Constantine. FINANCES OF RUSSIA. 95 1,945 966 45,216 169 48,391 Official Estimates of Receipts and Expenditures for 1863, published in the "Journal of St. Petersburg," 31st May, 1863. Receipts. 1. Imposts 1. Ordinary Receipts. Direct Taxes...................... 43,529,521 Maritime Commerce..... 137,702,143 13,686,666 3. Revenue from State Property... 4. Miscellaneous 50,700,213 38,675,244 Imports. Roubles. 115,651,243 44,028,010 159,679,253 Exports of gold and silver coin and bullion in 1861, 15,790,353 roubles; imports of same, 1861, 7,138,396 roubles. which is the most recent for which we have Merchant Marine in 1859.-In the year named returns - the merchant marine of Russia consisted of 1416 vessels, with an aggregate tonnage of 172,605 tons, and manned by about 10,500 sea men. Arrivals and Departures of Vessels in 1861.—Arrivals, 10,634; tonnage, 1,024,103: departures, 10,739; tonnage, 1,025,972. RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS OF RUSSIA IN EUROPE. (From the Almanach de Gotha, 1864.) 57,487,217 5,133,816 7,755,444 2,102,532 Orthodox Greeks..... 115,432,380 Schismatics 18,029,793 Armenian Catholics. 37,219,756 Roman Catholics....... 9,149,332 431,619 Protestants....... Israelites....................... 8,846,244 Mohammedans......... 5,889,795 Pagans.... 18,164,121 329,923 Total.. 6,338,311 32,887,278 Other Expenditures.... Total expenditures.................. 330,538,414 Add delinquent receipts.... 4,000,000 334,538,414 49,809,891 759,880 33,304 2,800,228 1,952,117 1,425,784 2,321,679 197,573 59,300,256 3,260,183 POPULATION OF SOME OF THE PRINCIPAL CITIES OF 915,295 RUSSIA, 1858. |