land, 316, 318; and Paul | Norfolk burned, 61.
Jones,. 317; St. Eustatius, North, Lord, conciliation meas-
320, 328.
Neutrality, England's attitude,
313; status (1776), 313; free
ships, free goods, 313; Russia
and Prussia, 314, 315; Armed
Neutrality, 315, 318.
New Bedford burned, 248.
New Hampshire, temporary
government, 55; and inde-
pendence, 73.
New Haven, Tryon's raid, 254. |
New Jersey, and independence,
ures, 231-233, 236; fall, 328.
North Carolina, and indepen-
dence, 66, 69; Whigs and
Martin, 67; provincial con-
gress, 67; loyalist rising, 68;
Moore's Creek, 68; and west-
ern settlements, 273, 276;
campaign, 323, 324; bibliog-
raphy of campaign, 350.
Northwest. See West.
Norwalk burned, 254.
tions, 150.
Oriskany, battle, 166.
Otis, James, on writs of assist-
ance, 9.
PAINE, TOM, career and charac-
ter, 61, 62, 65; Common
Sense, 62-65; Age of Reason,
65; Crisis, 129.
Paper money, precedent, 240;
congressional and state, 241,
304; depreciation, 241, 304;
derangement of finances, 241;
speculation, 242; counter-
feits, 242; forced on loyalists,
258.
73; campaign (1776-1777), OFFICE, term, 143; qualifica-
123, 124, 129-132; neutrals
and loyalists 126-128, 132;
constitution, 139; Monmouth,
245; bibliography of cam-
paign, 346.
New York, loyalist, 36; and
independence, 79, 91, 95;
strategic importance, 79, 95;
development of parties, 88-
91; and stamp duties, 88;
and tea tax, 89; election of
congressional delegates, 89,
90; convention, 90; provin-
cial congress, 91; loyalists
persecuted, 91–94, 115; cam-
paign (1776), 93, 103, 105-
108, 111, 118-122; Whigs
persecuted, 112, 115; Carle-
ton's campaign, 116-118;
western claim, 287; bibliog-
raphy of campaign, 346. See
also Burgoyne.
New York City, army at, 93;
British occupy, 111; loyalist
sanctuary, 112, 263; expect-
ed naval attack, 291, 293.
Newcastle, Duke of, colonial
policy, 5.
Newport, occupied, 124; at-
tacked (1778), 292; evacu-
ated, 296; French army, 320.
Newtown, battle, 250.
Non - importation agreements,
Parker, Sir Peter, Charleston,
77, 78.
Paulus Hook captured, 296.
Pennsylvania, and indepen-
dence, 74, 75; revolutionary
government, 75. See also
Philadelphia.
Pensacola, Spanish capture, 286.
Parliament, sovereignty, 9; im-
perial taxation, 11; repre-
sentation, 12-14; colonial'rep-
resentation, 13; right to tax
asserted, 17; basis of coercive
acts, 20; acts against re-
bellion, 58; conciliation, 231-
233. See also England.
Percy, Lord, occupies Newport,
10-15, 147; English and
colonial systems, 12-14;
equal state, 184, 200.
Requisitions, basis, 201; collec-
tion, 303.
Peters, Samuel, on Whigs, 113. | Representation, and taxation,
Petition, right, 144.
Philadelphia, panic (1776), 125;
Howe's campaign (1777),
162 164, 168-171; as
capital, 169; British in, 244;
evacuated, 245; bibliography
of campaign, 347:
Phillips, William, in Virginia,
325.
Pickens, Andrew, partisan, 299.
Pitt, William, and Revolution,
230, 231, 235; England's
hope (1778), 233; and king,
234; death, 235-
Point Pleasant, battle, 275.
Press, freedom, 146.
Prevost, Augustine, Georgia
campaign, 294; Charleston,
294, 295.
Prices, and paper money, 241;
attempted regulation, 242.
Primogeniture abolished, 148.
Princeton, battle, 131; bibliog-
raphy, 346.
Privateering, authorized, 69;
courts for, 190; loyalist, 252;
damage, 290.
Privileges of citizens under
Confederation, 199.
Public debt, foreign loans, 210,
303; domestic loans, 303.
Pulaski, volunteers, 216; killed,
296.
Putnam, Israel, joins army, 31;
at Brooklyn Heights, 105;
opposes Clinton, 173.
QUAKERS, loyalist, 74.
Quebec attacked, 46.
Quebec act, 23, 270.
RANDOLPH, PEYTON, in Con-
gress, 39.
Rawdon, Lord Francis, at Cam-
den, 300; and Greene, 324.
Religion, colonial privileges, 3;
Quebec act, 23; phase of Revo-
lution, 112-115; freedom, 146.
Revolution, right, 149.
Revolution, American, under-
lying causes, 3-7; immediate
causes, 7-24; outbreak, 24,
27; Samuel Adams as factor,
25-27; hope for united action,
27, 30, 34; elimination of
opposition, 28, 29; social
aspect, 28, 34, 35, 53; democ-
racy, 53; as civil war, 87;
importance of New York, 79,
95; British plan (1776), 95;
(1777), 157-159, 162, 168;
real stay of the, 108; religious
phase, 112-115; neutrals, 125-
127, 244; Paine's Crisis, 129;
development of manufact-
ures, 243; change in charac-
ter, 247, 248; border war-
fare, 249-251, 277, 293; de-
jection, 302-305; Arnold's
treason, 305-308; result
hinges on Europe, 309; de-
pendence on Washington,
327; effect of Yorktown,
328; peace negotiations, 329;
after Yorktown, 330; effect,
330-333; general bibliog-
raphy, 334-337; political
bibliography, 337; military
bibliography, 344-351. See
also Army, Colonies, Com-
merce, Conciliation, Con-
federation, Continental Con-
gress, England, Finances,
France, Independence, Loyal-
ists, Navy, Neutrality, Spain,
States, Union, West, and
battles, generals, and states
by name.
Rhode Island, Gas pee affair, 21;
and independence, 70. See
also Newport.
Ridgefield, action, 162.
Rights, natural, 145. See also
Bill of Rights.
Robertson, James, in West,
273, 274; defeats Cherokee,
277.
Rochambeau, Comte de, at
Newport, 320; Yorktown,
326.
Rockingham, Marquis of, min-
istry, 16; on Franklin in
France, 217.
Rodney, Sir George, in West
Indies, 319-321, 328.
Rutledge, Edward, defends
Charleston, 78; and Howe's
conciliation, 108; on Articles
of Confederation, 184; on
Yankees, 194; Adams on,
197.
Rutledge, John Adams on, 197;
patriotism, 295, 298.
ST. CLAIR, ARTHUR, Ticon-
deroga, 159, 160.
St. Eustatius, captured, 320;
recaptured, 328.
St. Joseph, Fort, Spanish capt-
ure, 286.
St. Leger, Barry, plan, 158;
before Fort Stanwix, 166;
Oriskany, 166; retreat, 167.
Salaries, payment of colonial, 6,
18.
Saratoga convention, 173. See
also Burgoyne.
Savannah, captured, 294;
American attack, 295.
Schuyler, Philip, command,
159, 160; intrigue against,
161; withdraws, 164; re-
moved, 171.
Scotch-Irish frontier settlers,
271.
Sectional antagonism in Con-
Separation of powers, 143.
Sevier, John, defeats Cherokee,
Sherman, Roger, Adams on,
198.
Social compact, 138.
Social conditions, aspect of
Revolution, 28, 34, 35, 53,
112-115; growth of democ-
racy, 137-148, 268, 332;
speculation, 242; influence of
frontier, 270.
Sources, on Revolution, 335-
337; on political problems,
337; on loyalists, 338-340;
on change in governments
and independence, 340; on
military events, 344-351; on
army, 351; on diplomacy,
353; on conditions in Eng-
land, 354.
South Carolina, and indepen-
dence, 70, 78; attack on
Charleston, 77, 78; cam-
paign (1779), 297; subjuga-
tion, 297; Clinton's proc-
lamation, 298; partisans,
299; Camden, 300; King's
Mountain, 302; Cowpens,
323; Greene's campaign, 324;
bibliography of campaigns,
Southwest, Indian cessions, 272,
275, 277; first settlements,
273, 274; frontier govern-
ment, 273, 275; Dunmore's
war, 274; Transylvania, 276;
Westsylvania, 277; Cherokee
war, 277; Indian raids (1777),
279. See also West.
Sovereignty, opinions and ac-
tions on state, 177-182, 187,
279.
Spain, and Revolution, 204,
210, 214, 222, 223, 284, 309-
312; loan, 210; and West,
284-287; French alliance,
311; besieges Gibraltar, 319,
328; attempted invasion of
England, 319; captures Mi-
norca, 328.
Speculation, 242.
Speech, freedom, 146.
Stamp Act, projected, 7; basis:
of opposition, 10-14; method
of opposition, 14, 15, 88;
Congress, 15; repeal, 16.
Stanwix, Fort, St.
Leger's
siege, 166, 167; treaty (1768),
272.
17; and representation, 10-
15, 147; parliamentary im-
perial, 11, 17; Townshend
acts, 17-19; internal and
external, 18; tea, 22.
Tea tax retained, 19; resisted,
22, 89.
Ternay, Chevalier de, at New-
port, 320.
Test laws, 152-156.
Thomas, John, in Canada,
Thomson, Charles, secretary of
Congress, 190.
Ticonderoga, captured (1775),
40; Carleton before, 118;
British capture, 159, 160.
Tilghman, Matthew, urges in-
dependence, 77.
Stark, John, joins army, 31;
Bennington, 165.
States, Congress urges organiza-
tion, 71; rise of democratic
ideals, 136-139; constitution-
al conventions, 139-142; pop-
ular control, 142; separation
of powers, 143; term of
office, 143; bill of rights, 146-
149; restricted suffrage, 150;
qualifications for office, 150;
compromises, 151; allegiance,
152-156; jealousy, 160; sov-
ereignty, 177-182, 187, 279;
paper money, 241; bibliog-Townshend acts, 17; opposition,
raphy of constitutions, 342,
343. See also Colonies, and
states by name.
Steuben, Baron von, volunteers,
216; trains army, 238; in
Virginia, 325.
Stirling, Lord, Long Island,
Tories. See Loyalists.
Townshend, Charles, colonial
taxation, 17.
18, 19; repeal, 19.
Transylvania, 275, 276.
Treaties, French alliance and
commercial (1778), 224-226,
289; Fort Stanwix (1768),
272; Paris (1783), 329.
Trenton, battle, 130; effect, 131;
bibliography, 346.
Tryon, William, encourages
loyalists, 94; raids in Con-
necticut, 161, 254..
Turgot, opposes Vergennes,
UNIFORMITY ACT in colonies,
Union, Stamp Act Congress, 15;
committees of correspond-
ence, 21; effect of Boston
Port bill, 23; common cause,
30, 34; intercolonial jealousy,
27, 194, 195; an evolution,
176-178, 182; problem, 183,
199; diverse nationalities,
195; and West, 284; in-
fluence of Revolution, 331.
See also Confederation, Con-
tinental Congress, States.
ISLAND, battle,
117.
Valley Forge, army at, 236-
238; bibliography, 348.
Vandalia, 272.
Vergennes, Comte de, foreign
minister, 204; American pol-
icy, 204-210, 310; secret aid,
210-215; and Franklin, 218,
220; urges war, 222.
Vermont asks admission, 195.
Vincennes, Clark's and Hamil-
ton's expeditions, 281–284.
Virginia, protest (1769), 19;
non-importation, 19; Dun-
more and Whigs, 59-61; con-
vention, 59; Great Bridge
and Norfolk, 61; constitu-
tional convention, 71; and
independence, 71; bill of
rights, 146; primogeniture
and entail abolished, 148;
and Transylvania, 276; and
Clark's expedition, 281;
northwestern claim, 287;
Yorktown campaign, 325-
327.
WALPOLE, SIR ROBERT, colonial
Ward, Artemas, command, 31.
Warner, Seth, Crown Point, 41;
Bennington, 165.
Warren, Joseph, influence, 30.
Washington, George, command-
er-in-chief, 42, 44; charac-
ter, 42-44; keeps army to-
gether, 46; trials before
Boston, 47; on German mer-
cenaries, 73; at New York,
93; and loyalists, 94, 266;
plot against, 94; and Lord
Howe, 104; Long Island, 105-
108; at Haerlem, 118, 120;
and condition of army, 118-
120, 128, 133-135, 237; at
North Castle, 121; and Fort
Washington, 121; and
Charles Lee, 122; retreat
across New Jersey, 123;
despondent, 128, 302; Tren-
ton, 130; Princeton, 131;
Philadelphia campaign, 162-
164, 169-171; dictatorial
powers, 169; intrigue against,
236; Monmouth, 245; on
need of navy, 289; and
Arnold, 306-308; Yorktown,
325-327; leadership, 327, 331;
bibliography, 334, 337.
Washington, William, in Caro-
linas, 323.
Washington, Fort, passed, 120;
captured, 122.
Watauga settlement, 273; Ind-
ian war, 277.
Wayne, Anthony, Stony Point,
296.
West, Quebec act, 23, 270;
confederate control, 201, 278,
279; first movements tow-
ard, 270, 271; England's
hold, 270; advantage of pos-
session, 271, 284; proclama-
tion line, 271; British at-
titude toward settlement,
272; Illinois colony, 272;
Vandalia, 272; motive of
settlement, 272; Clark's con-
quest, 280-283; French
settlers, 280; effect of con-
quest, 284; Spain and Eng-
land, policy and action, 284-
287; state claims, 287; bibli-
ography, 348-350. See also
Southwest.
West Indies, engagements, 293,
319-321, 328.
Westsylvania, 277;.
Whigs. See Loyalists.
White Plains, battle, 121.
Wilson, James, opposes inde-
pendence, 72; on representa-
tion, 200.
|