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wooden clogs assisted to fill up the vacancy at the base. The whole apartment was paved with marble; it had a flat roof, with small round blue-glazed windows at the side, and the walls fantastically coloured, red and blue on a white ground. Above the platform were strings, on which towels were hung, some half dry, and others thoroughly wet, just as they had been taken from the bathers.

Our guide conducted us to the platform, which was carpeted and cushioned, and each one having undressed, and placed a towel round the waist, and another over the shoulder, the lawingee, or bath attendant, directed each of us to slip on a pair of wooden clogs, called cob-cobs, and follow him into the preparatory warming apartment, as we termed it.

This chamber was surrounded with seats, paved with marble, and coloured like the one we had just left, but the roof had domes with small blue-glazed apertures, instead of being flat; and the temperature was about 90° Fahr., and humid.

After remaining a short time in this chamber, we were conducted into the inner one.

The khararah, or inner chamber, is very hot, and when we entered, it seemed almost impossible to remain there; but the humid heat produced by the hot water of the tanks, fountain, and boiler (which ranges from 103° to 112° Fahr.) soon produced a profuse perspiration. Almost before we could recover our surprise at the scene within this chamber -one in which we were soon to take an active part, or to write more correctly, a passive one, the attendants seized upon us, and commenced cracking our joints to render them supple, and kneading the flesh as if we really had not any feeling. When we afterwards became accustomed to such proceedings it was rather agreeable, but at that time it really was anything but pleasant, for the attendants appeared to us, inexperienced in such matters, to be utterly regardless of European life, by the manner in which they twisted the head on each side, and sat upon the chest. We can assure you, gentle reader, that the operation looks very formidable, but custom prevails, and your fears speedily subside. Having sufficiently amused themselves by proving the quality of our flesh by its firmness, and the pliability of our joints, the attendants directed us to lie down flat upon low stages placed in various parts of the chamber. Kneeling with one knee upon the ground, my attendant put on a pair of horse-hair

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gloves, and seizing one of my arms, rubbed away in first-rate style, the effect of which was to bring long solid rolls from my skin, and make it as smooth as satin: every six or eight rubs the attendant removed his hands, rubbed them together, and slapped them down again with tolerable force. My head, chest, and legs, were submitted to the operation, and then I was well soused with hot water, dipped from the hanafeyeh, or tank, with small bowls. Surely we are clean now, exclaimed, and were preparing to depart, when our tormentors again approached, each with a bowl in his hand, rubbing away with a lump of raw silk at some almond soap, so furiously as to create a fine lather; and without any intimation of what was coming, dabbed it in our eyes and mouths, and and then finished their amusement by upsetting the remainder over our heads; another scalding or sousing completed the operation. We were then supplied with clean towels for the shoulders, loins, and head, à la Turque, and conducted to the first or entrance chamber, where the towels were again removed and fresh ones supplied. Thus enveloped, we reclined upon the carpets supported with musnuds, in the manner we had seen the persons on our first entrance, and like them sipped coffee or sherbet; while those that felt inclined smoked the nargélèh, or Persian water-pipe, called by our sailors hubble-bubble, from the peculiar bubbling noise it makes during the time it is being used.

The effect of the Turkish bath is to restore vigour to the weary and jaded traveller, and give a feeling of elasticity that it is difficult to describe. It must be felt to be appreciated; and those who have enjoyed its luxury after a fatiguing journey will probably dwell with pleasurable remembrance on the foregoing passages, descriptive of its varied stages.-Eastern Rambles, Family Tutor.

1. In what estimation is the bath held seem to amuse themselves with the Euroin the East? pean strangers?

2. Why and when do the rich go to the public bath?

3. What is the arrangement regarding the public bath in large towns?

4. What in small towns?

5. Describe the entrance chamber, and the persons sitting there.

6. What did they do before entering the preparatory warming apartment?

7. Describe this room, and state the degree of the temperature in it.

8. What is the temperature of the inner chamber?

9. What did the attendants here do to them?

10. In what way did the bath attendants

11. What was the effect of the rubbing with horse-hair gloves?

12. What did the attendants do after every few rubs ?

13. What was done to them immediately after the rubbing?

14. Did this conclude the operation ? 15. What did the attendants come forward with now?

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16. What did they do with the soap in the bowl?

17. How did they finish their sport? 18. Where were they then led ? 19. Explain the words 'a la Turque.' 20. What is the effect of a Turkish bath upon the weary traveller ?

XIV.-CHRISTIAN AND HOPEFUL CROSS THE RIVER.

"The style of Bunyan is delightful to every reader, and invaluable as a study to every person who wishes to obtain a wide command over the English language. The vocabulary is the vocabulary of the common people. There is not an expres sion, if we except a few technical terms of theology, which would puzzle the rudest peasant. We have observed several pages which do not contain a single word of more than two syllables. Yet no writer has said more exactly what he meant to say. For magnificence, for pathos, for vehement exhortation, for subtle disquisition, for every purpose of the poet, the orator, and the divine, this homely dialect, the dialect of plain working men, was perfectly sufficient. There is no book in our literature on which we would so readily stake the fame of the unpolluted English language, no book which shows so well how rich that language is in its own proper wealth, and how little it has been improved by all it has borrowed."-T. B. Macaulay.

Now I further saw, that betwixt them and the gate was a river, but there was no bridge to go over, and the river was very deep. At the sight therefore of this river, the pilgrims were much stunned, but the men that were with them, said, You must go through, or you cannot come at the gate.

The pilgrims then began to inquire, if there was no other way to the gate? to which they answered, Yes, but there hath not any, save two, to wit, Enoch and Elijah, been permitted to tread that path, since the foundation of the world, nor shall until the last trumpet shall sound. The pilgrims then, especially Christian, began to despond in their mind, and looked this way and that, but no way could be found by them by which they might escape the river. Then they asked the men, if the waters were all of a depth? They said, No; yet they could not help him in that case: for, said they, you shall find it deeper or shallower, as you believe in the King of the place.

They then addressed themselves to the water, and entering, Christian began to sink; and crying out to his good friend Hopeful, he said, "I sink in deep waters; the billows go over my head; all the waves go over me. Selah."

Then said the other, Be of good cheer, my brother, I feel the bottom, and it is good. Then said Christian, Ah, my friend! the sorrow of death hath compassed me about, I shall not see the land that flows with milk and honey. And with that a great darkness and horror fell upon Christian, so that he could not see before him. Also here he, in a great measure, lost his senses, so that he could neither remember nor orderly talk of any of these sweet refreshments that he had met with in the way of his pilgrimage. But all the words that he spake still tended to discover, that he had horror of mind and heart-fears that he should die in that river, and

never obtain entrance in at the gate. Here also, as they that stood by perceived, he was much in the troublesome thoughts of the sins that he had committed, both since and before he began to be a pilgrim. 'Twas also observed, that he was troubled with apparitions of hobgoblins, and evil spirits; for ever and anon he would intimate so much by words. Hopeful therefore here had much ado to keep his brother's head above water; yea, sometimes he would be quite gone down, and then ere a while he would rise up again half dead. Hopeful did also endeavour to comfort him, saying, Brother, I see the gate, and men standing by to receive us; but Christian would answer, 'Tis you, tis you they wait for; you have been hopeful ever since I knew you. And so have you, said he to Christian. Ah, brother! said he, surely if I was right, he would now rise to help me, but for my sins he hath brought me into the snare, and left me. Then said Hopeful, My brother, you have quite forgot the text, where it is said of the wicked, "There are no bands in their death, but their strength is firm: they are not troubled as other men, neither are they plagued like other men." These troubles and distresses that you go through in these waters, are no sign that God hath forsaken you, but are sent to try you, whether you will call to mind that which heretofore you have received of his goodness, and live upon him in your distresses.

Then I saw in my dream, That Christian was in a muse awhile. To whom also Hopeful added these words, Be of good cheer, Jesus Christ maketh thee whole and with that Christian brake out with a loud voice, Oh, I see him again! and he tells me, "When thou passest through the waters, I will be with thee; and when through the rivers, they shall not overflow thee." Then they both took courage, and the enemy was after that as still as a stone, until they were gone over. Christian therefore presently found ground to stand upon and so it followed, that the rest of the river was but shallow; but thus they got over. Now upon the bank of the river on the other side, they saw the two shining men again, who there waited for them; wherefore being come out of the river, they saluted them, saying, "We are ministering spirits, sent forth to minister to those that shall be heirs of salvation." Thus they went along towards the gate. Now you must note, that the city stood upon a mighty hill,

but the pilgrims went up that hill with ease, because they had these two men to lead them up by the arms; they had likewise left their mortal garments behind them in the river; for though they went in with them, they came out without them. They therefore went up here with much agility and speed, though the foundation upon which the city was framed, was higher than the clouds; they therefore went up through the region of the air, sweetly talking as they went, being comforted, because they safely got over the river, and had such glorious company to attend to them.

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Now, when they were come up to the gate, there was written over it, in letters of gold, "Blessed are they that do his commandments, that they may have right to the tree of life, and may enter in through the gates into the city."

Then I saw in my dream, that the shining men bid them call at the gate; the which when they did, some from above looked over the gate, to wit, Enoch, Moses, and Elijah, &c., to whom it was said, these pilgrims are come from the city of Destruction, for the love that they bear to the King of this place; and then the pilgrims gave in unto them, each man his certificate, which they had received in the beginning; those therefore were carried in unto the King, who, when he had read them, said, Where are the men? To whom it was answered, They are standing without the gate. The King then commanded to open the gate, "that the righteous nation," said he, "that keepeth the truth, may enter in."

Now I saw in my dream, that these two men went in at the gate; and lo, as they entered, they were transfigured; and they had raiment put on that shone like gold. There was also that met them, with harps and crowns, and gave them to them: the harps to praise withal, and the crowns in token of honour. Then I heard in my dream, that all the bells in the city rang again for joy; and that it was said unto them, "Enter ye into the joy of our Lord.," I also heard the men themselves, that they sang with a loud voice, saying, “Blessing, honour, glory, and power, be to him that sitteth upon the throne, and to the Lamb for ever and ever." Now, just as the gates were opened to let in the men, I looked in after them, and behold the city shone like the sun; the streets also were paved with gold, and in them walked

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