Library
Fund, how

expended.

Of what

fund

consists.

Same.

Control and

location of library.

Who may use.

Accountability of Trustees

for care of library.

SECTION 1716. Who may use.

1717. Accountability of Trustees for care of library.

1712. The Board of Trustees and City Board of Education must expend the Library Fund, together with such moneys as may be added thereto by donation, in the purchase of school apparatus, and books for a school library; and no warrant shall be drawn by the Superintendent of Schools upon the order of any Board of Trustees against the Library Fund of any district, unless such order is accompanied by an itemized bill, showing the books and apparatus, and the price of each, in payment for which the order is drawn.

1713. Except in cities not divided into school districts the Library Fund consists of ten per cent. of the State School Fund annually apportioned to the district, unless ten per cent. exceed fifty dollars, in which event it consists of fifty dollars, annually taken from the fund so apportioned.

1714. In cities not divided into school districts, the Library Fund consists of the sum of fifty dollars for every one thousand children between the ages of five and seventeen years, annually taken from the State School Fund apportioned to the city.

1715. Libraries are under the control of the Board of Trustees or City Board of Education, and must be kept, when practicable, in the school houses.

1716. The library is free to all pupils of a suitable age belonging to the school; and any resident of the district may become entitled to its privileges by the payment of such a sum of money for life membership, or such annual or monthly fee as may be prescribed by the Trustees.

1717. The Trustees shall be held accountable for the proper care and preservation of the library, and shall have power to assess and collect all fines, penalties, and fees of membership, and to make all needful rules and regulations not provided for by the State Board of Education, and not inconsistent therewith; and they shall report, annually, to the County Superintendent all library statistics which may be required by the blanks furnished for the purpose by the Superintendent of Public Instruction.

ARTICLE XVI.

COUNTY BOARDS OF EDUCATION.

SECTION 1768. Board, how composed.

1769. Chairman and Secretary.

1770. Meetings.

1771. Power of.

1772. Certificates, to whom to be issued.

SECTION 1773. Manner of examination.

1774. Standing to be indorsed on certificate.

1775. Granting and renewal of certificates.

1768. In each county having a population of less than Board, how one hundred thousand inhabitants, there shall be a County composed. Board of Education, which shall consist of the County Superintendent of Schools and four members, of whom at least two shall always be experienced teachers, and holding first grade certificates, in full force and effect, appointed by the Board of Supervisors, who shall hold their office for two years, until their successors are appointed and qualified; provided, that the first members of the County Board of Education shall, at their first meeting, and immediately after organizing, classify themselves by lot in such a manner that two of the appointed members shall go out of office on the first day of July, eighteen hundred and eighty-one, and the other two appointed members on the first day of July, eighteen hundred and eighty-two. The Board of Supervisors of each county, at its first meeting after the passage of this Act, shall appoint four members of the County Board of Education, who shall enter upon their duties immediately after appointment, and thereafter annually shall appoint two members, who shall hold their office for two years from and after the first day of July next succeeding their appointment. A vacancy in the Board of Education may be filled at any time after its occurrence by the Board of Supervisors. For the transaction of business, three members shall constitute a quorum; but no certificates shall be issued or revoked, nor any text-books adopted, except by an affirmative vote of three members. On the call of any member, the "ayes" and "noes" shall be taken upon any proposition, and the vote recorded in the minutes. If the Board of Supervisors of any county shall refuse or neglect to appoint a Board of Education as herein provided, then the County Superintendent shall appoint such Board of Education as hereinbefore provided, and the Board so appointed shall have all the rights, exercise all the powers, and be governed by all the regulations prescribed for County Boards, the same as if appointed by the Board of Supervisors.

1769. The Superintendent of Schools shall be ex officio Chairman Secretary of the County Board of Education. The Board and shall elect one of their members President.

Secretary.

1770. The County Board of Education must meet and Meetings. hold examinations for the granting of teachers' certificates semi-annually, at such times as the County Board of Education shall determine. All meetings of the Board of Education shall be public, and shall be held at the county seat, and the record of their proceedings shall be kept in the office of the Superintendent of Schools. The Board of Supervisors shall allow to the members of the Board of Education a reasonable compensation for their services, payable out of the same fund and in the same manner as the Superintendent of

Power of
County

Boards of
Education.

Certificates, to whom issued.

Manner of examination.

Schools is paid; and all incidental expenses incurred by the Board of Education, including printing, shall be audited and paid as other claims against the General Fund of the county; provided, the same shall in no case exceed the sum of one hundred dollars per annum.

1771. County Boards of Education have power:

First-To adopt rules and regulations, not inconsistent with the laws of this State, for their own government.

Second-To prescribe and enforce rules for the examination of teachers.

Third-To examine applicants, and to prescribe a standard of proficiency which will entitle the person examined to a certificate, and to grant certificates of two grades: (1) County certificates, first grade, valid for four years, and authorizing the holder to teach a grammar school; (2) County certificates, second grade, valid for two years, and authorizing the holder to teach a primary school.

Fourth-To prescribe and enforce the use of a uniform series of text-books and a course of study in the public schools, and to adopt a list of books for district school libraries.

Fifth-To revoke, for immoral or unprofessional conduct, or evident unfitness for teaching, the certificates granted by them.

Sixth-To keep a record of its proceedings.

Seventh-To issue diplomas of graduation from any of the public schools of the county, which diplomas shall be designed by the Superintendent of Public Instruction, and distributed as other blanks from his office. Diplomas shall be issued only to pupils who have passed an examination prescribed by the County Board of Education. Such diplomas shall be signed by the President and Secretary of the County Board, and the Principal of the school.

Eighth-To adopt and use, in the authentication of its. acts, an official seal.

Ninth-All examination papers shall be kept on file in the office of the Superintendent of Schools for at least one year, and shall be open for the inspection of school officers.

1772. Except as provided in section seventeen hundred and seventy-five, certificates must be granted only to those who have passed a satisfactory examination in all the studies prescribed by the County Board of Education; provided, that applicants for second grade county certificates shall be required to pass an examination only in arithmetic, grammar, geography, composition, history of the United States, orthography, defining, penmanship, reading, and method of teaching. All certificates must bear the seal, and be signed by the Superintendent and a majority of the Board of Education by which they were granted.

1773. All examinations must be conducted partly in writing and in part orally.

to be

1774. The standing of each applicant in each study, and Standing in the class, must be indorsed on the back of each certificate indorsed on I issued upon examination, otherwise it is not a valid certifi- certificate. cate.

and

1775. The Board may also, without examination, grant Granting county certificates, and fix the grade thereof, to the holders renewal of of life diplomas, California State educational diplomas, Cali- certificates. fornia Normal School diplomas, California State University diplomas, when recommended by the Faculty of the University, and State Normal School diplomas of other States; and to the holders of unexpired State certificates of California, and may, without examination, renew certificates previously issued by them, or previously granted in their county; such renewed certificates to remain valid for the same length of time for which the original certificates were granted. County Boards of Education must issue certificates upon the blank forms to be prepared and distributed by the Superintendent of Public Instruction.

ARTICLE XVII.

CITY BOARDS OF EXAMINATION.

SECTION 1787. May be a Board in each city.

1788. How constituted.

1789. Chairman.

1790. Meetings.

1791. General powers.

1792. When certificates may be granted without examination.
1793. Eligibility of teachers.

1794. Compensation allowed.

1787. In every city, or city and county, having a Board of May be a Education, there may be a City Board of Examination.

Board in each city.

1788. Each City Board of Examination consists of the How City Superintendent of Schools, and four other members, resi- constituted. dents of such city, at least two of whom shall be experienced teachers elected by the City Board of Education, and holding office for two years.

1789. The City Superintendent of Schools is Chairman Chairman. of the City Board of Examination.

1790. The City Board of Examination must meet and Meetings. hold examinations for the granting of teachers' certificates semi-annually, at such times as they may determine. The place of meeting shall be designated by the Chairman. All meetings of the City Board of Examination shall be public, and the record of their proceedings shall be kept in the office of the City Superintendent of Schools.

General

1791. Each City Board of Examination has power: First-To adopt rules and regulations, not inconsistent powers. with the laws of this State, for its own government, and for the examination of teachers.

When certificates

may le granted without

examination.

Eligibility f teachers.

Compensa.

Second-To examine applicants, and to prescribe a standard of proficiency which will entitle the person examined to a certificate, and to grant city certificates of three grades: (1) High School certificates, valid for six years, and authorizing the holder to teach any primary, grammar, or high school in such city; (2) city certificates, first grade, valid for four years, and authorizing the holder to teach any primary or grammar school in such city; (3) city certificates, second grade, valid for two years, and authorizing the holder to teach any primary school in such city.

Third-To grant special city certificates of the first grade, valid for four years, upon such special studies as may be authorized by the City Board of Education of such city.

1792. The City Board of Examination may also, without examination, grant city certificates, and fix the grade thereof, to the holders of California life diplomas, California educational diplomas, California State Normal School diplomas, California State University diplomas (when recommended by the Faculty of the University), unexpired State certificates, city certificates granted in other cities of California, and the life diplomas and State Normal School diplomas of other States; and may also, without examination, renew, and, for immoral or unprofessional conduct, profanity, intemperance, or evident unfitness for teaching, revoke any certificates previously granted in such city, or city and county.

1793. The holders of city certificates are eligible to teach in the cities in which such certificates were granted, in schools of grades corresponding to the grades of such certificates, and when elected, shall be dismissed only for violation of the rules of the Board of Education, or for incompetency, unprofessional or immoral conduct. The holders of special city certificates are eligible to teach the special studies mentioned in their certificates, in all the schools in the city in which such certificates were granted.

1794. The members of the City Board of Examination tion allowed. shall receive such compensation as may be allowed them by the City Board of Education, payable out of the City School Fund.

Estimate of minimum

ARTICLE XVIII.

COUNTY SCHOOL TAX.

SECTION 1817. Estimate of minimum amount of School Fund needed.

1818. Levy of county tax.

1819. Duty of Auditor if Supervisors fail to make levy.
1820. Proceeds of tax to be paid into the County School Fund.

1817. The County Superintendent of each county having amount of a population of less than one hundred thousand inhabitants School Fund must, on or before the first regular meeting of the Board of Supervisors in September in each year, furnish the Board of

needed.