Civilian Devastation: Abuses by All Parties in the War in Southern SudanSince 1983, the civil war in southern Sudan has claimed the lives of some 1.3 million civilians as a result of targeted killings, indiscriminate fire, or starvation and disease. Both government and rebel forces are culpable as they wage war in total disregard for the welfare of civilians, violating almost every rule of war applicable in an internal armed conflict. Government forces have engaged in indiscriminate aerial bombardments, scorched each tactics, torture, disappearance and summary executions. The two factions of the rebel Sudan People's Liberation Army have engaged in indiscriminate attacks, destruction of property, looting, and long-term sieges that starve civilians. The cumulative effect has been to turn Sudan's southern region into a permanent emergency situation where war, flood, drought, and disease have torn apart ordinary survival strategies and made millions dependent in whole or in part on international assistance. |
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Common terms and phrases
abuses Amnesty International Anya-Nya April armed conflict army arrested August Ayod Bahr El Ghazal Bi-Monthly Situation Report bombing border boys burned captured civilian population combat Commander Riek death Didinga Dinka displaced persons Eastern Equatoria Ethiopia evacuated February fighting fled Fugnido Garang Garang's forces garrison human rights humanitarian Ibid ICRC indiscriminate Itang John Garang Juba July June Kajo Kaji Kapoeta Kenya Khartoum killed kilometers Kongor Kuac Kuac Deng Lafon legitimate military looting March military objective military targets militia Nairobi Nasir NGOs Nimule Nuer offensive officers Palataka parties Pochalla prisoners Protocol raids rebel recruitment refugee camps relief workers schools siege soldiers Southern Sector southern Sudan SPLA Code SPLA factions SPLA-Nasir SPLA-Nasir/United SPLA-Torit SPLA-Torit forces starvation Sudan government Sudanese Refugees summary executions territory toic told HRW/Africa Toposa Torit torture town troops Ugandan unaccompanied minors UNICEF Upper Nile village violation Waat William Nyuon women Yirol Yuai
Popular passages
Page 259 - Persons taking no active part in the hostilities, including members of armed forces who have laid down their arms and those placed hors de combat by sickness, wounds, detention, or any other cause...
Page 268 - ... an attack which may be expected to cause incidental loss of civilian life, injury to civilians, damage to civilian objects, or a combination thereof, which would be excessive in relation to the concrete and direct military advantage anticipated.
Page 258 - Convention shall apply to all cases of declared war or of any other armed conflict which may arise between two or more of the High Contracting Parties, even if the state of war is not recognized by one of them.
Page 192 - January 1951 and owing to a wellfounded fear of being persecuted for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinion, is outside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country...
Page 68 - Ordering the displacement of the civilian population for reasons related to the conflict, unless the security of the civilians involved or imperative military reasons so demand; ix.
Page 258 - In the case of armed conflict not of an international character occurring in the territory of one of the High Contracting Parties, each Party to the conflict shall be bound to apply, as a minimum, the following provisions: (1) Persons taking no active part in the hostilities, including members of armed forces who have laid down their arms and those placed hors de combat...
Page 271 - Protection of objects indispensable to the survival of the civilian population 1. Starvation of civilians as a method of warfare is prohibited. 2. It is prohibited to attack, destroy, remove or render useless objects indispensable to the survival of the civilian population, such as foodstuffs, agricultural areas for the production of foodstuffs, crops, livestock, drinking water installations and supplies and irrigation works...
Page 259 - ... violence to life and person, in particular murder of all kinds, mutilation, cruel treatment and torture; (b) taking of hostages; (c) outrages upon personal dignity, in particular humiliating and degrading treatment; (d) the passing of sentences and the carrying out of executions without previous judgment pronounced by a regularly constituted court, affording all the judicial guarantees which are recognized as indispensable by civilized peoples.
Page 270 - Indiscriminate attacks are prohibited. Indiscriminate attacks are: a) those which are not directed at a specific military objective; b) those which employ a method or means of combat which cannot be directed at a specific military objective...
Page 119 - Civilian objects are all objects which are not military objectives as defined in paragraph 2. 2. Attacks shall be limited strictly to military objectives. In so far as objects are concerned, military objectives are limited to those objects which by their nature, location, purpose or use make an effective contribution to military action...