[References are to sections] RATE POLICIES-Continued no obligation to make preferential rates, 806. RATE REASONABLENESS, 1. The schedule taken as a whole. reasonableness of the schedule as a whole, 220. company cannot make unreasonable rates, 225. special circumstances affecting the particular rate, 227. 2. Particular rates considered separately. provisions of the Act, 340. reasonableness of the separate rates, 228. rule of proportionality in sharing costs, 231. service not worth usual amount, 234. service of unusual value, 235. 3. Theories of rate making. theories as to rate making, 381. estimating cost of service, 382. bases of commission action, 1038. the value of the service, 420. the cost of service, 420. weight, bulk, and convenience, 420. the amount of the product, 420. 4. Testing rates by companion. basis of reasonable rates, 1036. what is economically desirable not the test, 1036. general principles as to reasonableness, 443. carrier entitled to reasonable compensation, 442. significance of that phase at common law, 1037. rates unreasonable in themselves, 445. revenue per ton per mile, 595. [References are to sections] RATE COMPARISONS-Continued discrimination between commodities forbidden, 549. distribution of the burden by classification, 552. RATE POLICIES, 1. Competition as a factor in rate making. suppression of competition by agreement, 789. potential competition, 790. competition as a factor in rate making, 792. competition as a justification for discrimination, 793. competitive rates must be compensatory, 796. rates may be made to meet competition, 452. absence of competition does not justify increase, 459. competition in passenger fares, 461. 3. Rates designed to equalize advantages. operation of the principle of equalization, 462. rates made from a commercial standpoint, 464. rates should not equalize differences in value, 465. no right to build artificial markets, 468. no equalization of patrons, 469. equalization of advantage as a factor, 470. passenger fares slightly affected by this principle, 471. 4. What circumstances justify preferential rates. creation of a market by preferential rates, 602. equalizing manufactures in different localities, 603. how the Commission determines justifiable discrimination, 799. public policy against all discrimination, 801. substantial differences of condition, 803. what differentials may be allowed, 804. reconsignment arrangements and transit privileges, 805. [References are to sections] RATE POLICIES-Continued no obligation to make preferential rates, 806. RATE REASONABLENESS, 1. The schedule taken as a whole. provisions of the Act, 210. reasonableness of the schedule as a whole, 220. company cannot make unreasonable rates, 225. special circumstances affecting the particular rate, 227. 2. Particular rates considered separately. provisions of the Act, 340. reasonableness of the separate rates, 228. 233. rule of proportionality in sharing costs, 231. 3. Theories of rate making. theories as to rate making, 381. estimating cost of service, 382. bases of commission action, 1038. how rates are determined, 1036. the value of the service, 420. the cost of service, 420. weight, bulk, and convenience, 420. the amount of the product, 420. general public good, 420. 4. Testing rates by companion. basis of reasonable rates, 1036. what is economically desirable not the test, 1036. general principles as to reasonableness, 443. carrier entitled to reasonable compensation, 442. significance of that phase at common law, 1037. rates unreasonable in themselves, 445. revenue per ton per mile, 595. [References are to sections] RATE REASONABLENESS-Continued how rate system is justified, 598. establishing of proportional rates, 598. RATE REGULATION, 1. Certain limitations fundamental. general principles governing reasonableness, 211. rates must be fair to the company and to the public, 212. 2. Bases of regulation. constitutional limitations upon Commission regulation, 236. possibility of increase of business, 239. making rates compared with levying taxes, 240. governmental regulation best for all concerned, 241. 3. Powers of the Commission. power to pass upon rates, 991. Commission to determine rates, 1030. orders of the Commission, 1031. power to fix rates originally denied, 1032. decision of the Supreme Court, 1033. powers established by later amendments, 1034. power under the Act to fix maximum rates, 1034. 4. Limitations upon the Commission. jurisdictional limitations upon rate revision, 1037. conditions affecting the movement of traffic, 1038. its function is to administer, 1045. only those matters which affect rating, 1047. cannot fix minimum rates, 1034. RATE STRUCTURE, 1. The unit of charge. fixing the particular rate, 561. [References are to sections] RATE STRUCTURE-Continued characteristics of a rate, 562. established unit prima facie reasonable, 563. a minimum rate is justifiable, 566. 2. Additional charges for special service. general principles as to additional charges, 570. freight should cover the entire transportation, 572. storage charges, 576. demurrage costs, 577. terminal charges usually absorbed, 578. 3. Distance rates and the ton-mile. mileage rate tends to decrease inversely, 580. general standard of comparison the ton-mile, 581. equal mileage rates impractical, 582. rates in rough proportion to distance, 583. construction of distance rates, 584. bases of rate structure, 585. different cost of haulage, 586. divisions built through a difficult territory, 587. factors modifying distance rates, 588. comparison of through rates and local rates, 589. 4. Grouping stations and basing points. extent of power over grouping, 601. RATE THEORIES, 1. Cost of service as the basis. method of estimating cost of service, 382. respect paid to the cost, 384. cost of service the basic test, 385. costs considered in determining reasonableness, 386. limitation upon the law of increasing returns, 387. |