General System Theory: Foundations, Development, ApplicationsAn attempt to formulate common laws that apply to virtually every scientific field, this conceptual approach has had a profound impact on such widely diverse disciplines as biology, economics, psychology, and demography. |
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Page 67
... true for those complexes which we may call " heaps , " such as a heap of bricks or odds and ends , or for mechanical forces acting according to the parallelogram of forces . It does not apply to those systems which were called Gestalten ...
... true for those complexes which we may call " heaps , " such as a heap of bricks or odds and ends , or for mechanical forces acting according to the parallelogram of forces . It does not apply to those systems which were called Gestalten ...
Page 79
... true finality or purposiveness , meaning that the actual behavior is determined by the foresight of the goal . This is the original Aristotelian concept . It presupposes that the future goal is already present in thought , and directs ...
... true finality or purposiveness , meaning that the actual behavior is determined by the foresight of the goal . This is the original Aristotelian concept . It presupposes that the future goal is already present in thought , and directs ...
Page 125
... true of a chemical system in equilibrium . It is not a state of chemical rest ; rather reactions are continually ... true equilibrium incapable of performing work ; rather it is a dynamic pseudo - equilibrium , kept constant at a certain ...
... true of a chemical system in equilibrium . It is not a state of chemical rest ; rather reactions are continually ... true equilibrium incapable of performing work ; rather it is a dynamic pseudo - equilibrium , kept constant at a certain ...
Contents
Introduction | 8 |
On the History of Systems Theory | 10 |
Trends in Systems Theory | 17 |
Copyright | |
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Common terms and phrases
allometric animals appears applied approach aspects atoms basic Bertalanffy biological catabolism causality cell characteristics chemical classical classical physics closed systems complex components consideration considered constant contrast cultural cybernetics defined differential equations dynamic elements energy entities entropy equifinality equilibrium essentially evolution example existence experience expressed fact feedback fields formulation function game theory growth curves homeostasis homeostatic important increase individual information theory interaction isomorphic kinetics language laws living organism Lotka Ludwig von Bertalanffy machine mathematical means mechanisms mechanistic mental metabolic rate modern nature open systems organismic phenomena philosophy physics physiological possible present principle problems processes protein psychology psychophysical quantitative reaction reality regulations relations scientific sense servomechanisms similar so-called social sciences sociology specific steady structure symbolic system concept system theory teleology theoretical theory of open thermodynamics tion Unity of Science universe vitalistic Volterra whole world picture York
References to this book
The Roots of Modern Environmentalism David Pepper,John W. Perkins,Martyn J. Youngs No preview available - 1984 |