perpetual enemies, it is concluded, as a necessary inference, that Sir Edward Coke was of opinion that the Jews were to be considered as perpetual aliens. Supposing this really to have been the opinion of Sir Edward Coke, yet his bare opinion, high as his authority may be, would not of itself be sufficient to establish so outrageous a proposition. But, further, the position has been directly denied by Lord Hardwicke, and by Chief Justice Willes, who, in the case of Omychund and Baker, gave their unqualified dissent to the whole reasoning of Sir E. Coke upon the subject. The only other authority to be met with, is an assertion made by the Attorney General, Sir Robert Sayer, in an argument in the Court of King's Bench, in the case of the East India Company v. Sands (2 Show. Rep. 370.) in the 36th year of Charles 2: He is reported to have said, that "the Jews are here by an implied licence, but on a proclamation of banishment: it is like a determination of letters of safe conduct to an alien enemy, who was here by virtue of such letters, before," &c. In support of this assertion, no authority whatever was cited, nor was any sanction given to it by the Court; it could not, therefore, it is conceived, under any circumstances, be considered of any weight, much less can it be held to have any force in support of the opinion, that the native Jews are in the situation of aliens, when it is remembered, that at the time when the assertion was made, the Jews had so lately obtained re-admission into this country; that there could have been but few, if any, adult Jews who were born in England. Such of that nation, therefore, who were resident

here, were at the time really aliens, and might probably with truth be stated to be resident here under an implied licence.

When it is known that this is the whole amount of the authority for the assertion, that all Jews are aliens, it will not, it is conceived, be thought necessary that any arguments should be gone into, to shew that the assertion is without foundation.

K

APPENDIX.

A.

CAPITULA DE JUDÆIS.

OMNIA debita et vadia Judæorum imbrevientur, terræ, domus, redditus, et possessiones. Judæus vero qui aliquid horum celaverit, sit in forisfactura Domini Regis de corpore suo, et concelamento, et de omnibus possessionibus suis et omnibus catallis suis, nec unquam concelamentum Judæo recuperare licebit. Item provideantur sex vel septem loca, in quibus facient præstita sua, et provideantur duo legales Christiani et duo legales Judæi et duo legales scriptores, et coram illis et clericis Willielmi de St. Mariæ Ecclesia, et Willielmi de Chimilli fiant præstita, et Chartæ præstitorum fiant in modum Chirographi. Et altera pars remaneat Judæo sigillata sigillo illius, cui pecunia traditur; et altera pars remaneat in arcâ communi, in quâ sunt tres serruræ: unde duo Christiani habeant unam clavem et duo Judæi unam et clerici Willielmi de S. Mariæ Ecclesia, et Magistri Willielmi de Chimilli habeant tertiam; et præterea tria sigilla et qui claves habuerint sigilla apponent; clerici autem prædictorum Willielmi, et Willielmi habeant rotulum de transcriptis omnium Chartarum et sicut chartæ mutabuntur, mutetur et rotulus, de singulis chartis dentur tres denarii, medietas à Judæo et medietas ab eo cui pecunia creditur unde duo scriptores habeant duos denarios,

et custos rotuli tertium, et de cætero nullum fiet præstitum, nulla Judæis fiet solutio, nulla fiet Chartarum mutatio, nisi coram prædictis vel majori parte, si omnes interesse nequiverint. Et prædicti duo Christiani habeant unum rotulum de recepta Judæorum solutionis eis de cætero faciendæ et duo Judæi unum; et custos rotuli unum. Item quilibet Judæus jurabit super rotulûm suum, quod omnia debita sua, et vadia, et redditus, et omnes res et possessiones suas imbreviari faciet, et quod nihil celabit, ut prædictum est. Et si scire poterit quod aliquis aliquid celaverit illud justitiis ad eos missis secreto revelabit, et quod falsonarios chartarum et retonsores denariorum, ubi eos scient, detegent et monstrabunt et de falsis chartis similiter.-Hoveden, Pars. Poster. p. 743.

B.

CHARTA JUDÆORUM ANGLIE ET NORMANIÆ.

Johannes Dei gratia, &c. Sciatis nos consessisse omnibus Judæis Angliæ et Normaniæ, libere et honorifice habere residentiam in terra nostra et omnia illa de nobis tenenda quæ tenuerunt de Rege Henrico avo patris nostri; et omnia illa quæ modo rationabiliter tenent in terris et feodis, et vadiis et akatis suis et quod habeant omnes libertates et consuetudines suas sicut eas habuerunt tempore predicti Regis H. avi patris nostri, melius et quietius et honorabilius. Et si quèrela orta fuerit inter Christianum et Judæum, ille qui alium appellaverit ad querelam suam dirationandam, habeat Testes, scilicet legitimum Christianum et Judæum. Et si Judæus de querela sua breve habuerit, breve suum erit ei testis. Et si Christianus habuerit querelam adversus Judæum sit Judicata per pares Judæi. Et cum Judæus obierit non detineatur corpus suum