designs to realize for their Schools the nearest approximation to regular grading that is possible in the circumstances. The arrangement in these Districts should be as follows:

(1) Whenever from fifty to eighty pupils can be brought together, the Law requires that there be sufficient sittings for all of them in the School-room and that there be a good classroom attached. The Teacher is to have the direction and control of the whole, while the assistant is to render aid by drawing off, from time to time during the day, classes into the smaller room. The assistant's work should mainly be drill upon lessons previously taught by the Teacher. The leading pupil of a class, provided the class is in advance of the primary grades, can often do more in the way of drill than a regularly employed assistant.

(2) Where there are from eighty to one hundred pupils in attendance, sittings are to be furnished for them all in the School-room, and two class-rooms are to be provided off the School-room. One Teacher and two assistants are required. If the number of pupils reaches one hundred or upwards, it will generally be found best to provide two apartments (under the same roof, if possible) and to classify the pupils into a primary and an advanced department, with a Teacher for each. The employment of a second Teacher will secure to

the Trustees about thirty dollars more annually from the County Fund. (3) Where a class-room assistant is employed, it is strongly recommended to Trustees to secure the services of one who holds a Provincial License. An assistant, unless trained, is ill qualified to teach Primary Classes.

Of the School Meeting.

REFERENCES TO THE ACT.-The day [Second Thursday in October], hour, place, and notices, for the Annual District School Meeting, secs. 48, 49, 54; [but Inspector may, in certain cases, call an Annual Meeting at any time]. Special and General School Meetings may be held as specified in secs. 56, 57.

Continuation and adjournment of School Meetings, sec. 54.

ORDER OF BUSINESS, ETC.

One of the Trustees or their Secretary, or a person authorized in writing by the Trustees or by the Inspector, to call any School Meeting to order, and to act as temporary Chairman until the election by qualified voters of a regular Chairman (who must be a qualified voter), sec. 50.

Rate-payers entitled to vote, secs. 51, 53.

Declaration in case of a voter being challenged as unqualified, sec. 53.
Duties and powers of the Annual School Meeting: -

1. To elect, from among the qualified voters present, a Chairmen of the meeting; his duties, sec. 52.

2. To elect (if the Secretary of the Board of Trustees, who is by law Secretary to the District School Meeting also, sec. 52, is absent, or if there is no Secretary of the Board at the time) a Secretary to record its proceedings, sec. 52.

3. To receive (after the first annual meeting) the written report of the Board of Trustees (which may be presented by one of the Trustees, or by the Secretary to the Trustees) as to the educational condition of the District, the receipt and expenditure of all School moneys, and the requirements and needs of the District for the ensuing year, sec. 83 (1).

4. To receive (after the first annual meeting) the Auditor's Report upon the Trustees' Accounts, sec. 85.

[5. To create by lot, at the second and third annual meetings, a vacancy in the Board of Trustees, secs. 60, 62.]

6. To elect, from among the qualified voters, three Trustees at the first meeting, sec. 59; and at subsequent meetings one to fill the regular vacancy occurring in the Board, sec. 61, Teachers not to be Trustees, sec. 69. Each Trustee to hold office three years; exception, sec. 61.

7. Declaration of office by the newly elected Trustee or Trustees (secs. 64, 65.) 8. To elect an Auditor of the School Accounts for the ensuing year, secs. 47, 55. 9. The District Assessment List to be available to the School meeting for reference, sec. 84. 10. To determine what amount shall be raised by the District during the ensuing year for any or all the objects authorized by the Law, as specified in secs. 23, 55; and if any sum is included for the purchase or improvement of grounds, or for the purchase or erection of School buildings, or the purchase of furniture, to authorize the Trustees to borrow the money (if so desired), and to fix the period (not to exceed seven years) within which the amount borrowed shall be collected from the District in equal yearly instalments, secs. 11, 72 (2), (or a longer period upon order of the Board of Education, 49 Vic., Chap. V.) 11. To authorize the Trustees to dispose of any School property owned by the District, if so desired, sec. 72 (1).

12. To make provision for establishing Superior Schools, sec. 90 (4); Grammar Schools, sec. 91 (4).

The Secretary's Minutes must be read before the close of the meeting, sec. 52, be signed by the Chairman and Secretary, and transmitted to the Board of Trustees within ten days, sec. 52.

[In case a District fails to exercise its rights of electing Trustees (sec. 66), or in case any Trustee neglects or refuses to act (secs. 66, 68), the Inspector is to appoint Trustees or a Trustee, on the requisition of seven ratepayers, or by direction of the Board of Education, or the Chief Superintendent, sec. 68.

Penalty for a Trustee refusing to act, sec. 63.

The Minutes of the School Meeting are to be permanently preserved by the Board of Trustees, but an accurate copy of them is to be forwarded by their Secretary to the Inspector of Schools, immediately after the meeting.

Of the Salaries of Teachers.

REFERENCES TO THE ACT.-The funds for Teachers' Salaries to be provided from Three Sources, sec. 11, viz.

1. From the Provincial Treasury, at the following rates for the School Year:

(1) According to the Class of License held by the Teacher:

(1) First Class Male Teachers,..
(1) Second Class Male Teachers,.
(1) Third Class Male Teachers,...
(1) First Class Female Teachers,.
(1) Second Class Female Teachers,.

(1) Third Class Female Teachers,..

$135.

108.

81.

100.

81.

63.

Class-room Assistants regularly employed four hours a day to receive one-half of the above amounts, according to the Class of License.

Teachers and Class-room Assistants (as above) employed in Districts which are entitled to special aid as poor Districts, to receive for the following School year, at a rate exceeding the grants above named, sec. 46.

One-half of the Provincial Grant according to Class of License to be paid TO THE TEACHERS and Assistants semi-annually, or ratably according to the number of legally authorized teaching days the School shall have been satisfactorily taught, sec. 12.

2. From the School Fund provided by County Assessment, to be apportioned TO THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES of the School Districts, within each County, as follows:

(1) At the rate of $30 for the School year, in consideration of each licensed Teacher employed, of whatever class.

(2) The balance by an equal rate per pupil, according to the average number of pupils in attendance at School and the number of teaching days the School has been opened.

The Boards of Trustees of Districts recognized by the Chief Superintendent as poor Districts in any year to receive, in each of the above apportionments, special aid at a rate exceeding that to the Boards of other Districts within the County.

One-half of the County Fund to be apportioned and paid semi-annually.

3. From the School District.-Any sum required by any District in supplement of the above in aid of salaries, to be determined by the District School Meeting, or by the Trustees, and to be raised by District Assessment.

Board of Trustees to employ Teachers (and assistants), to be responsible for their salaries according to the terms of the written contract made with them under authority of Law, and to suspend or dismiss any Teacher for gross neglect of duty, or immorality, and notify the Chief Superintendent of any such action.

The Board of Education empowered to make regulations under which moneys may be drawn and expended, sec. 5 (7).

REMARK 1.—It will be seen that the amount of Provincial and County moneys to be received in any District in aid of Schools will depend almost exclusively upon local exertion, or the direct efforts made by the inhabitants of each District in maintaining their own Schools. The 23rd Section of the Act enables the people of every District to put forth local effort to an extent commensurate with their means to provide a good School for all their children, and every such effort will be duly supplemented by funds from the County and Province. But no public moneys can be received by Districts which fail to support and conduct Schools in accordance with law.

REMARK 2. The exact amount that will be received by the Board of Trustees from the County Fund cannot be known at the time of the School meeting. The meeting should, therefore, be careful in voting its estimates to authorize a sum amply sufficient to enable the Board of Trustees to meet the liabilities of the year. Any balance remaining in the hands of the Trustees is, of course, to be carried to the credit of the next year, while any deficit arising from over-expenditure may be carried forward and provided for in the estimates of the following year.

REMARK 3.- The providing of a liberal salary for the Teacher will be found the best economy. Every Teacher should receive what his services will command in the educational market. If Districts provide a fair remuneration for the efficient and worthy Teacher there will be no reason to complain of lack of men and women of high qualifications in the teaching profession.

The Act provides a sum equal to one-half the amount of Teachers' allowances from the Provincial Treasury to licensed class-room assistants, where the enrolment of pupils is 50 and upwards. The Board of Trustees will not receive any sum from the County Fund in consideration of an assistant, but they will receive from this Fund an equal sum per pupil on the average attendance of the entire School, when a licensed Class-room Assistant is employed.

Regulation 2.-Form of Teacher's* Agreement: Each Teacher and licensed assistant, before entering on duty in any District, shall make a written agreement with the Board of Trustees (each party retaining a duly executed copy of the same), in accordance with the following form:

* See affidavit of Teacher, Sec. 89 of this Manual.

A. D. 18 between (name class, granted

of Teacher or Assistant) holding a valid license of the under the authority of the Board of Education of New Brunswick, hereinafter referred to as the Teacher, of the one part; and "The Trustees of School District Number in the Parish (or Parishes) of in the County (or Counties)

of ‚” (or “The Board of School Trustees of Saint John," or Fredericton, etc., as the case may be) hereinafter referred to as the School Corporation, of the other part.

Second. The Teacher, in consideration of the below-mentioned Agreement by the School Corporation, hereby agrees with the School Corporation diligently and faithfully to teach a School in the said District during the School Year (or Term) ending on the thirty-first day of December (or the thirtieth day of June, as the case may be) A. D. 18 (or as much thereof as is herein specified.)

Third. — And the School Corporation agrees with the Teacher, licensed as aforesaid, to pay the Teacher in half-yearly instalments (or quarterly, or monthly, as may be agreed upon), at the rate of dollars for the School Year

(or Term, as the case may be), exclusive of the Provincial allowance to be received by the Teacher from the Chief Superintendent.

Fourth. And it is mutually agreed that this Contract shall continue from School Year to School Year,* unless notice in writing of an intention to terminate the same shall be given by either of the parties hereto one month before the date specified in the foregoing clause second, or, failing such notice, then one month before the time to which the same is continued by this clause.

Fifth. And it is mutually agreed that both parties to this Contract shall be in all respects subject to the provisions of the Chapter of the Consolidated Statutes relating to SCHOOLS, and any Acts in amendment thereof, and in addition thereto, and the Regulations thereunder made by the Board of Education. In testimony whereof, the said parties have hereunto set their seals.

A. B. [Name of Teacher.].

Witness-I. K.

C. D.

E. F.

......

..[Seal.]

[Name of Trustees or a majority of them; or, in Cities or incorpor- Corporate Seal. G. H.ated Towns, of the Chairman.]

Regulation 3.- Fixed Salaries: The amount which the Board of Trustees of any District is to receive from the County Fund being largely dependent on the regularity with which the pupils are kept at School, and therefore unknown at the date of the written agreement (Reg. 2) to be made with any Teacher or assistant, the Chief Superintendent is not to recognize any Contract by which a Teacher or assistant may agree to receive such unknown sum as a portion, or the whole, of his or her remuneration from the Trustees; but shall require that a fixed and definite sum or rate be distinctly named in each and every agreement.

*The School year ends December 31st. Reg. 18.

Regulation 4.- Attendance, and County Fund to Boards of Trustees — Limitation: In the semi-annual apportionment of the County Fund to the various Boards of Trustees, the Chief Superintendent is not to recognize any attendance on a department or School in excess of an average of fifty pupils daily present for the time the departmeut or School has been open during the Term, unless in the case of cities, towns, villages, and populous rural districts, it shall appear that the whole number of pupils registered in the department did not exceed fifty-six; and in the case of rural districts generally, that the requirements respecting the number of sittings in the School-room, and the employment of class-room assistants, have been duly regarded.

Of School Buildings and Furniture.

REFERENCES TO THE ACT.-Extent and character of accommodation to be provided, secs. 73 (1), 104 (5).

The Board of Education empowered to prescribe plans for the construction and furnishing of School houses and arrangement of School premises, sec. 5 (5).

School buildings and furniture to be provided by District assessment, sec. 11, by purchase, lease, the alteration or repair of existing accommodation, if not already sufficient, or by the erection of new buildings, or the purchase of new furniture, secs. 23, 73.

Money may be borrowed by the District for the purchase or erection of School buildings, and for the purchase of School furniture, secs. 11, 72, (3); and by cities and certain incorporated towns, for the purchase or erection of School buildings, and when authorized by the Council, for the permanent improvement of buildings and premises, and the purchase of furniture, sec. 104.

Existing School houses owned in shares may be sold by vote of the majority in interest of the owners, sec. 102.

Trustees are to erect and furnish School houses by contract; to have a corporate interest only in any such contract; to exercise all their corporate powers for the fulfilment of all agreements made by them; to hold School buildings in trust for the District, and to keep them in good order and repair [as authorized by the School meeting]; to sell or dispose of the same [when authorized by the District]; and to keep the School buildings and furniture insured [when authorized by the School meeting], secs. 72, 104.

Regulation 5.-Capacity of School-room: At least 150 cubic feet of air are to be allowed for each sitting provided.

REMARK 1. The height of the smallest School-room should be twelve feet, and this should be increased even up to sixteen feet in the larger houses. Two hundred and fifty cubic feet of air for each sitting is better than one hundred and fifty.

REMARK 2.—In building new houses, sittings should generally be provided for about one-quarter of the entire population of the District.