would be advertised for bids in order to complete the project during the 1950 construction season. Negotiations to terminate the original contract as of March 17, 1950, the contract completion date, were consummated by order for change No. 9, which eliminated the remaining work from the contract. Order for change No. 9 was signed by the contractor on May 5, 1950. The letter was sent to the contractor on that date accepting the work.

The final voucher and release on contract under specifications No. 1410 were submitted to the contractor for signature under date of May 31, 1950. The contractor did not execute these documents at that time. Instead, the following formal claims for additional compensation, of which claim No. 4 was the only one allowed, were submitted by the Wunderlich Contracting Co. during the month of June 1950:

78. Miscellaneous Specifications and Contracts. The construction of Enders Dam involved numerous supply and additional construction specifications and contracts. Specifications and contracts for the major items of equipment furnished by the Government were as follows:

Work from which the contractor was released by order for change No. 9 of specifications No. 1410 was completed in accordance with specifications No. 3076. The work included necessary concrete and earthwork for completion of the dam and the installation of radial gates and hollow-jet valves. The invitations for bids for this work were released May 27, 1950, and bids were received June 20, 1950. The engineer's estimate

was $101,241.90. Although the low bid was 36 percent above the engineer's estimate, the immediate award to the low bidder was recommended in order to complete all the work prior to the next irrigation season. Contract No. I2r-19061 was awarded to ClaussenOlsen-Benner, Inc., of Holdrege, Nebr., on their low bid of $138,032.75. Notice to proceed was sent to the contractor July 20, 1950, and receipt was acknowledged on July 22, 1950. The final contract completion date was December 19, 1950; however, the work was not actually completed until January 6, 1951. Appendix C shows construction costs by pay items for work performed under specifications No. 3076.

Other construction specifications were as follows:

79. Contractor's Joint Venture. - The Wunderlich Contracting Co. entered into a joint venture with the James and Phelps Construction Co. of Oklahoma City, Okla., for the purpose of performing the work required under specifications No. 1410. During 1947, active supervision of the work was the responsibility of Mr. G. E. Phelps, one of the members of the Oklahoma firm. Subsequent to January 1948, Mr. G. H. James, the other member of the Oklahoma firm, carried that responsibility. The Bureau of Reclamation continued throughout the life of the contract to conduct official business with the Wunderlich Contracting Co.

80. Housing. The shortage of available housing in the vicinity of the Enders site made it necessary to construct housing for Government and contractor personnel. A topographic survey of a possible construction camp site adjacent to the dam was made in February 1946. Location of the Government camp at this site was subsequently abandoned because of the unavailability of an elevated water tank, pumps, electric power generators and distribution systems, and other utility supplies and because of the economy effected by avoiding their need; and it was decided that the Government camp should be constructed on the eastern edge of Imperial, Nebr., 11 miles from Enders Dam, where these services, together with gas and a sewage disposal system, were available. The prime contractor elected to build a housing unit for his personnel at the town of Enders.

The Government housing, as designed, included twenty 2-bedroom prefabricated houses, two 24- by 96-foot steel garage and warehouse buildings, one 40- by 40-foot steel office building, and one 20- by 60-foot steel dormitory, all to be situated along two streets running east and west. Electric, gas, and sewage facilities were extended to all structures except the warehouse and garage buildings; and arrangements were made with the Imperial city council for the use of these utilities at the prevailing rate.

81. Rights-of-Way. Rights-of-way for the dam and reservoir and the two downstream powerplants consisted of 5, 860.9 acres. With the exception of 3 acres which were owned by a local school district, the land was privately owned. Some excellent cultivated areas lay along the river bottom, but the majority of the land was pasture land. Even before the appraisals were approved and contracts presented, some of the land owners employed legal council in an attempt to enlist all owners in fighting the project. Although this antagonistic attitude toward the project existed among some of the land owners, in the final acquiring of rights-of-way, condemnation proceedings were necessary on only 4 of the 22 tracts.

82. Total Cost. The following tabulation summarizes the total cost of construction of Enders Dam and appurtenant structures based on information submitted by the project on April 3, 1958.

83. General Organization. As with most Bureau construction projects, the organization of the Government forces required to supervise construction of Enders Dam varied some what throughout the construction period according to the phase of construction and other local conditions. All the work was under the general supervision of the construction engineer.

In 1947 the arrangement of the organization under the construction engineer

and the approximate number of employees were as follows:

(1) Field engineering staff. --1 engineer plus the following additional personnel:

Inspection--1 engineer.

Earthwork--6 employees.

Concrete--3 employees.

Technical installation and materials--1 employee plus laborers as required.

Surveys (2 parties)--8 employees plus laborers as required.

Laboratory--5 employees plus laborers as required.

(2) Office engineering staff.--1 engineer plus the following additional personnel:

Plans, estimates, and reports--5 employees.

Records, timekeeping, and warehouse--3 employees.

Camp maintenance--1 employee.

Garage and office--1 employee.

In 1948 the organization arrangement and number of employees had changed slightly as follows:

(1) Field engineering staff (surveys, inspection, and construction). --1 engineer, plus the following personnel:

Inspection--1 engineer.

Earthwork--4 employees.

Concrete-8 employees.

Technical installations--3 employees.

Laboratory--2 employees plus laborers as required.

Surveys (3 parties)--10 employees

Safety and photography--1 safety inspector.

(2) Office engineering staff (plans, estimates, and reports). -

1 engineer plus 6 employees.

(3) Records, timekeeping, and maintenance. --9 employees.

The only additional change in 1949 was that the safety inspector was made directly responsible to the construction engineer rather than through the field engineer and that there were seven more employees. The functional organization chart for 1949 and the number of employees staffing each part of the organization at the peak of the construction season are shown on figure 29.

During the early part of the construction, most of the record, timekeeping, and maintenance functions were handled by the district manager's office at Indianola, Nebr. By 1948, however, most of these functions were handled at the dam site under the supervision of an administrative assistant and included such duties as timekeeping, vehicle repair and maintenance, transportation, camp operation and maintenance, property accounting, requisitions, local purchasing, and personnel.

84. Surveys. The surveys required for the construction of Enders Dam may be divided into preliminary and preconstruction, earthwork, concrete work and miscellaneous work. Preliminary and preconstruction surveys were conducted by the project office until August 1946, at which time personnel for one 4-man and one 3-man party was assigned to Enders Dam. The work consisted of proving the principal controls in the area of the dam and dike and then expanding the controls to the various structures and borrow areas, obtaining original cross sections for all structures, and establishing permanent reference markers and targets. Surveys for right-of-way metes and bounds descriptions for the dam and reservoir area were started in November 1945 and continued through the following February.

A preliminary survey for Nebraska State Highway No. 61, connecting with and crossing the spillway at the south end of the dam, was started in January 1946; and general plans for the relocation were approved by the State highway department the following May. However, difficulties encountered in securing agreement entailed continuing work on the final location during the remainder of 1946. During the winter months of 1946-47, sufficient warm weather was experienced to make possible the completion of necessary rightof-way surveys and the setting of slope stakes for work on the dam, outlet works, south highway, and all but the north end of the dike. The location of the north highway and the north end of the dike had not been made firm at that time.

After the initiation of construction in March 1947, the survey items for earthwork included borrow-pit stripping stakes; embankment toe stakes, blue tops, and slope boards for the dam and dike embankment; cross sections of all borrow pits and of the select subsurfacing placed on the highway and the dam and dike embankments; and stakeout, alinement, slope stakes, and cross sections of excavation and backfill for the left and right abutment cutoff trenches. Since the B-1 borrow area did not yield as much material as originally planned, it was necessary to stake out additional borrow areas during the summer of 1948; and the inclusion of the abutment cutoff trenches under the contract as an item of extra work made it necessary to stake out still another borrow area. The survey work for the highway included setting slope stakes and blue tops, making final cross sections in the cuts, and a stakeout for the location of the highway guardrails.