Following the address of President Roosevelt, John R. Kirk, president of the State Normal School at Kirksville, Mo., was introduced and responded to the President. He closed by offering a resolution of thanks by the convention assembled to President Roosevelt for his eloquent and inspiring address.

Miss Katherine D. Blake, principal of Public School No. 6, New York city, seconded the resolution of Mr. Kirk, and spoke impressively at some length on the obligation under which President Roosevelt had placed the teachers of the country by his words and deeds. She most happily expressed the spirit and thought of the audience when, in seconding the resolution of thanks to President Roosevelt, she characterized him as "the best-loved man in all the great round world."

The resolution was passed by a unanimous rising vote of twelve thousand teachers amid cheers and waving salutes.

President Maxwell then addressed President Roosevelt as follows:

Mr. President, your words here will be the inspiration of every teacher who has heard your voice today. They will be an inspiration to all of the teachers of America wherever those teachers may be sojourning today. Treasured in the volume of our Proceedings, they will be an inspiration to generations of teachers yet unborn; and passing thru the minds and hearts of the teachers of America, they will serve to form the character of millions of American citizens in the future. As you leave here, the best wishes of the teachers of America go with you; their prayers will follow you for success, for happiness, and for God's blessing on your work for this nation.

Following this, the "Hallelujah Chorus" was sung by the Ocean Grove Festival Chorus, supported by the Ocean Grove Festival Orchestra, under the leadership of Mr Tali Esen Morgan.

After the President and his party withdrew from the Auditorium, the Committee on Resolutions presented its report thru its chairman, Dr. Eliphalet Oram Lyte, of the First Pennsylvania State Normal School, as follows:

NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL ASSOCIATION

ASBURY PARK AND OCEAN GROVE, N. J., JULY 7, 1905

DECLARATION

The National Educational Association, now holding its forty-fourth annual convention in Asbury Park and Ocean Grove, and representing the teachers and friends of education thruout the country, makes the following declaration of principles:

I. The Bureau of Education continues to render invaluable service to the nation It is the judgment of the Association that the powers of the bureau should be enlarged and that liberal appropriations should be made to it by Congress in order to enable it to widen its usefulness.

2. The National Educational Association notes with approval that the qualifications demanded of teachers in the public schools, and especially in city public schools, are increasing annually, and particularly that in many localities special preparation is demanded of teachers. The idea that anyone with a fair education can teach school is gradually giving way to the correct notion that teachers must make special preparation for the vocation of teaching. The higher standard demanded of teachers must lead logically to higher salaries for teachers, and constant efforts should be made by all persons interested in education to secure for teachers adequate compensation for their work.

3. The rapid establishment of township or rural high schools is one of the most gratifying evidences of the progress of education. We believe that this movement should be encouraged until the children of rural communities enjoy the benefits of public education to an extent approximating as nearly as practicable the education furnished in urban communities.

4. The Association heartily approves of the efforts now being made to determine

the proper place of industrial education in the public schools. We believe that the time is rapidly approaching when industrial education should be introduced into all schools, and should be made to harmonize with the occupations of the community. These courses, when introduced, should include instruction in agricultural as well as manual training. Wherever the conditions justify their establishment, schools that show the application of the branches of knowledge to practical life should be established.

5. The National Educational Association strongly recommends the increasing utilization of urban school buildings for free vacation schools and for free evening schools and lecture courses for adults and for children who have been obliged to leave the day school prematurely.

6. It is the duty of the state to provide for the education of every child within its borders, and to see that all children obtain the rudiments of an education. The constitutional provision that all persons must contribute to the support of the public schools logically carries with it the implied provision that no persons should be permitted to defeat the purposes of the public-school law by forcing their children at an early age to become bread-winners.

7. The national government should provide schools for the children of all persons living in territory under the immediate control of the government. The attention of Congress is specially directed to the need of adequate legislation to provide schools for the children of citizens of the United States living on naval reservations.

8. The association regrets the revival in some quarters of the idea that the common school is a place for teaching nothing but reading, spelling, writing, and ciphering; and takes this occasion to declare that the ultimate object of popular education is to teach the children how to live righteously, healthily, and happily, and that to accomplish this object it is essential that every school inculcate the love of truth, justice, purity, and beauty thru the study of biography, history, ethics, natural history, music, drawing, and manual

arts.

9. The National Educational Association wishes to record its approval of the increasing appreciation among educators of the fact that the building of character is the real aim of the schools and the ultimate reason for the expenditure of millions for their maintenance. There are in the minds of the children and youth of today a tendency toward a disregard for constituted authority; a lack of respect for age and superior wisdom; a weak appreciation of the demands of duty; a disposition to follow pleasure and interest rather than obligation and order. This condition demands the earnest thought and action of our leaders of opinion, and places important obligations upon school authorities.

10. The National Educational Association wishes to congratulate the secondary schools and colleges of the country that are making the effort to remove the taint of professionalism that has crept into student sports. This taint can be removed only by leading students, alumni, and school faculties to recognize that inter-school games should be played for sportsmanship and not merely for victory.

II. The National Educational Association observes with great satisfaction the tendency of cities and towns to replace large school committees or boards, which have exercised thru subcommittees executive functions, by small boards which determine general policies, but intrust all executive functions to salaried experts.

12.

Local taxation, supplemented by state taxation, presents the best means for the support of the public schools, and for securing that deep interest in them which is necessary to their greatest efficiency. State aid should be granted only as supplementary to local taxation, and not as a substitute for it.

13. We cannot too often repeat that close, intelligent, judicious supervision is necessary for all grades of schools.

14. A free democracy cannot long continue without the assistance of a system of

state-supported schools administered by agents chosen by the people, and responsible to the people for its ideals, its conduct, and its results.

ELIPHALET ORAM LYTE, of Pennsylvania, Chairman;
CHARLES J. BAXTER, of New Jersey;

EDWIN G. COOLEY, of Illinois;

FRANK B. COOPER, of Washington;

CHARLES D. McIVER, of North Carolina;

MISS ANNA TOLMAN SMITH, of District of Columbia;
MISS HARRIET EMERSON, of Massachusetts;

O. J. KERN, of Illinois;

EDWARD J. GOODWIN, of New York;

WILLIAM L. BRYAN, of Indiana;

Committee on Resolutions.

The declaration as presented was then adopted by a unanimous vote of the convention. Following this action, a resolution of thanks was presented by Chairn on motion, was also adopted, as follows:

yte, and,

Resolved, That the thanks of the National Educational Association are due, and are hereby most cordially tendered, to the residents of Asbury Park and Ocean Grove, whose open-hearted, refined hospitality will long be remembered; to the newspapers that have fully recorded the proceedings of the Association from day to day; to the railroads and other transportation companies, whose hearty and well-directed co-operation in bringing the large membership to these beautiful twin cities by the sea was essential to the success of this meeting and to the educators of Asbury Park and Ocean Grove and the state of New Jersey, who have so successfully borne the burden of preparing for the great body of teachers and friends of education that have assembled here this week. This Association desires to refer particularly to the services of Hon. James L. Hays, president of the State Board of Education of New Jersey, and his associates on the Board; Hon. Charles J. Baxter, state superintendent of public instruction; Dr. J. M. Green, principal of the State Normal School, Trenton, N. J.; Mr. T. Frank Appleby, Chairman of the General Local Committee; Mr. R. A. Tusting, secretary, and their associates; Dr. Fred S. Shepherd, superintendent of schools of Asbury Park; Miss Lidie M. Doren, superintendent of schools of Ocean Grove; Professor John Enright, superintendent of schools of Monmouth county; and Professor H. Brewster Willis, superintendent of schools of Middlesex county; to the teachers and school officers who have contributed in many ways to the success of this meeting; to Mr. Tali Esen Morgan, director of music, Ocean Grove, to the eminent soloists who took part in the public exercises of the general meeting, and to the Ocean Grove Festival Chorus and the Ocean Grove Festival Orchestra, for the exceptionally fine music rendered by them; to President James N. Fitzgerald, VicePresident A. E. Ballard, and other officers of the Ocean Grove Auditorium Association, for the use of the Auditorium and for other courtesies extended; and to all others who have co-operated with them in making arrangements for this meeting and in carrying their carefully prepared plans to successful completion.

Resolved, That the thanks of the Association are also due, and are hereby tendered, to Hon. Edward Casper Stokes, governor of the state of New Jersey, and his official associates, and to the military department of the state, represented by the Third Regiment of Infantry, Colonel John A. Mather, of Camden, commanding, and the Second Troop of Cavalry of Red Bank, Captain Field commanding, for having furnished an escort to the President of the United States, and for appropriately and generously providing for the care and comfort of the chief executive of the nation during his visit to the convention.

The chairman of the committee then presented the following special resolution, moving its adoption, and asking the Secretary to put the question to vote:

Resolved, That the thanks of the Association be tendered to the retiring President, Superintendent William H. Maxwell, of New York city, and to the retiring Treasurer, President James W. Crabtree, of Nebraska, for the faithful and efficient services which they have rendered to the Association during the past year.

The motion was carried by a rising vote of the convention, with hearty applause. PRESIDENT MAXWELL: Members of the National Educational Association: I thank you for this hearty expression of your esteem and good-will. I should like you to believe

that from the day you elected me your President until this moment I have spared no pains, I have given my best thought and energy, to carry out your purposes and to make this meeting the success I believe it has been. Anything, however, which I did would have availed but little, had I not had the cordial support and encouragement of a host of helpers. The local committee in Asbury Park and Ocean Grove spared neither trouble nor expense to provide for your comfort and to illustrate the proverbial hospitality of New Jersey. Mr. Tali Esen Morgan, with his chorus and orchestra, provided such music as has seldom been heard in a convention of teachers. The presidents of departments made, possibly, the most interesting and instructive programs ever presented in the history of the Association, and secured most valuable discussions. Where so many have done so much, it seems invidious to single out particular individuals for special remark. And yet, in view of their pre-eminent services, I am sure you will pardon me if I refer particularly to two gentlemen. One is Dr. James M. Green, principal of the New Jersey State Normal School, who took charge of the Sunday services and of the reception of President Roosevelt. How well he performed these duties you have all seen. The other is our honored secretary, Dr. Irwin Shepard. I risk nothing in saying that, as a rule, the members of this Association know little, indeed can know but little, of the invaluable services rendered by Dr. Shepard. It has been my great privilege to work with him for the past year, and therefore I can speak from intimate knowledge. I have le. to know him and to appreciate him, and I have no hesitation in saying that the success of these enormous conventions is largely due to him. With admirable patience, with a loyalty that never falters, with a complete knowledge of our histroy and our traditions, with an unsurpassed mastery of detail, with high ideals of the work our Association should do, Mr. Shepard devotes his life to your service. As I put aside the cares of office, I pause for a moment to thank our Secretary that he made them so light, and to wish for him and his prosperity and happiness.

There now remains for me but one more duty to perform-the pleasant duty of introducing to you my successor in the office of President, Dr. Nathan C. Schaeffer, of Pennsylvania, to whom I now present the official gavel of authority as President of the National Educational Association.

PRESIDENT-ELECT NATHAN C. SCHAEFFER: Members of the National Educational Association: Twenty-five years ago, while on my wedding trip, I attended for the first time the National Educational Association. The meeting impressed me as the most earnest body of educators upon the face of the globe, and this impression has grown stronger year by year. The presidency of the National Educational Association is the highest compliment which the teachers of America can bestow, and I shall return to my summer home at Mount Gretna, not only with feelings of profound gratitude and appreciation, but also with the conviction that the National Educational Association has given me the finest possible gift to take with me to my silver wedding tomorrow. Words fail to express my feeling of obligation for the honor conferred. It shall be my ambition to make the next meeting of the Association redound to the highest and best interests of the children of America, and to this end I ask your assistance, your sympathy, and your active support. I now pass the gavel back to you, President Maxwell, in order that you may close the meeting, which has been so eminently successful thru your efforts and guidance.

The President then declared the Forty-fourth Annual Convention of the National Educational Association adjourned sine die. IRWIN SHEPARD, Secretary.

MINUTES OF THE MEETING OF THE BOARD OF

DIRECTORS FOR 1904-1905

ASBURY PARK, N. J., JULY 3, 1905

The annual meeting of the Board of Directors was called to order in the basement room of the Public Library at 4:30 P. M., July 3, by President William H. Maxwell. The following directors responded to roll-call:

A. J. Matthews, Arizona; S. L. Frogge, Kentucky; E. F. Turner, Tennessee; M. Bates Stephens, Maryland; Isaac W. Hill, Alabama; J. H. Hinemon, Arkansas; E. O. Lyte, Pennsylvania; J. W. Crabtree, Nebraska; A. H. Chamberlain, California; John S. Locke, Maine; N. C. Dougherty, Illinois; L. C. Greenlee, Colorado; W. H. Elson, Michigan; George L. Towne, Nebraska; A. E. Winship, Massachusetts; T. A. Mott, Indiana; Ben Blewett, Missouri; Charles H. Keyes, Connecticut; John Enright, New Jersey; Edmund D. Lyon, Ohio; A. S. Downing, New York; James H. Canfield, New York; F. Louis Soldan, Missouri; Walter Ballou Jacobs, Rhode Island; A. P. Marble, New York; R. B. Lees, representing Board of Education of Nashville, Tennessee; A. G. Lane, Illinois; W. H. Maxwell, New York; Irwin Shepard, Minnesota; John D. Benedict, Indian Territory; A. C. Nelson, Utah; Oscar J. Craig, Montana; Lydia A. Yates, North Carolina; Marion Brown, Louisiana; L. D. Harvey, Wisconsin; Lucy Robinson, West Virginia; Clem Hampton, Florida; A. V. Storm, Iowa; J. A. Mercer, Illinois; J. W. Spindler, Kansas; Andrew R. Hickam, Oklahoma.

Present, forty-one directors.

On motion, the reading of the minutes of the last meeting, held in St. Louis, Mo., June 30, 1995, was dispensed with, and they were approved as printed in the volume of Proceedings of the St. Louis meeting.

The Secretary read communications from absent directors tendering their resignations and nominating successors for appointment by the board, as follows:

Director James E. Klock, of New Hampshire, nominating H. C. Morrison.
Director W. F. Kunze, of Minnesota, nominating J. A. Cranston.
Director Warren Easton, of Louisiana, nominating Miss Marion Brown.
Director Robert G. Young, of Montana, nominating Oscar J. Craig.
Director D. J. Johns, Jr., of Tennessee, nominating E. F. Turner.
Director W. K. Tate, of South Carolina, nominating E. B. Wallace.
Director John F. Keating, of Colorado, nominating L. C. Greenlee.

On motion, the resignations of the several directors were accepted, and the Secretary was instructed to cast the ballot of the directors present for the election of the respective nominees. The Secretary reported the ballot so cast, and the president announced the several nominees duly elected as members of the Board of Directors.

The next subject for consideration was announced as the Report of the Board of Trustees to the Board of Directors on the subject of Reincorporation, in accordance with the resolution on that subject passed by the active members at their annual meeting, June 30, 1905.

The Secretary reported that the Board of Trustees had completed their report, that it was transmitted by mail on April 20, 1905, to the members of the Board of Directors, and that sixty-three directors had replied casting votes of unqualified approval, and two others had cast votes of qualified approval, of the plan for reincorporation proposed in the following report of the Board of Trustees: