The Fragmented Forest: Island Biogeography Theory and the Preservation of Biotic DiversityIn this poineering application of island biogeography theory, Harris presents an alternative to current practices of timber harvesting. "Harris pulls together many threads of biological thinking about islands and their effect on plant and animal survival and evolution. He weaves these threads into a model for managing forest lands in a manner that might serve both our short-term economic and social needs as well as what some people feel is our ancient charge to be steward of all parts of creation."—American Forests Winner of the 1986 Wildlife Society Publication Award |
Contents
Introduction | 3 |
The Approach | 7 |
Current States of Nature | 9 |
The Natural Forest Community | 11 |
Canopy Height and Massivity of Forest | 13 |
Conifer Dominance | 16 |
Highly Dissected Topography | 17 |
Structural Characteristics | 19 |
Faunal Preservation vs Maximum Species Richness | 104 |
The Equivalence of Species | 106 |
Evaluation of Alternative Approaches | 108 |
Effective Habitat Island Size | 109 |
Size vs Number | 113 |
Interisland Distance | 116 |
Mammal Homerange Sizes and Travel Distances | 120 |
A Planning Strategy | 125 |
The Unique Combination of Characteristics | 22 |
Forest Trends and Patterns | 25 |
Depletion | 27 |
Current Distribution | 29 |
Miscellaneous Changes | 32 |
Focus on the Willamette National Forest | 35 |
Animal Community Characteristics | 44 |
General Characteristics | 45 |
Unique Faunal Characteristics | 48 |
Ordination of Species | 53 |
Richness vs Diversity | 64 |
Analysis of Alternatives | 69 |
The Applicability of Insular Biogeography | 71 |
Speciesarea Relations | 74 |
Local Extinction and Community Change | 80 |
Isolation Effects | 84 |
The Distinction between True Island Biogeography and Habitat Islands | 88 |
Genetic Resources and Biotic Diversity | 93 |
Endangered Species | 94 |
A System of Longrotation Islands | 127 |
Longrotation Islands vs Oldgrowth Islands | 128 |
Longrotation Island Characteristics | 130 |
Island Size Frequency Distribution | 135 |
Spatial Distribution of Islands | 140 |
Travel Corridors and Connectivity of Islands | 141 |
Fitting the System to the Landscape | 145 |
Summary and Characteristics of the Island Archipelago Approach | 153 |
Scientific Names of Species Cited in Text | 167 |
Volume of Timber Cut from the Willamette National Forest 190581 | 175 |
Approximate Acreage Cut from Different Elevational Zones | 177 |
Fortyfive Terrestrial Vertebrate Species of the Western Cascades That Require Cavities Snags and Fallen Logs | 179 |
List of Research Natural Areas and Comparable Preserves in Western Oregon and Western Washington | 181 |
Literature Cited | 183 |
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Common terms and phrases
acres alleles amphibians animals approach average biotic diversity buffer California red-backed vole carnivores characteristics Chipmunk clearcut conifer coniferous forests conservation cutting deer distribution Douglas fir Douglas fir forests Ecology ecosystem fauna forest acreage forest management Franklin function genetic growth hardwood herbivores home-range important inbreeding increase island biogeography isolated kmē lands landscape logs long-rotation island long-rotation management lower elevations mammal species Maser mature Mountain Myotis North northern flying squirrel number of islands number of species old-growth Douglas fir old-growth ecosystem old-growth forests old-growth habitat islands old-growth islands Oregon patches pattern provide primary habitat red tree vole regeneration stands region replacement stands resource riparian strips RNA BLM RNA USFS Salamander secondary habitat Shrew Siuslaw National Forest snags species occurring species richness strategy successional stages surrounding timber tion true islands Univ variability warbler Washington western Cascades western Oregon white-footed vole Willamette National Forest