Quest for Freedom: The Transformation of Eastern Europe in the 1990s |
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Page 4
... apparatchiks to extend control over the minutest detail in guiding rewards flowing to the center and limiting wage levels and production costs at local factories , mines , and farms . Surplus was appropriated for favored enterprises ...
... apparatchiks to extend control over the minutest detail in guiding rewards flowing to the center and limiting wage levels and production costs at local factories , mines , and farms . Surplus was appropriated for favored enterprises ...
Page 47
... apparatchiks who largely took over leadership in each republic had not discarded their cor- rupt ways of the past , again acting as a sort of " mafioso " grasping for cen- tral control , military puissance , and economic rewards ...
... apparatchiks who largely took over leadership in each republic had not discarded their cor- rupt ways of the past , again acting as a sort of " mafioso " grasping for cen- tral control , military puissance , and economic rewards ...
Page 66
... apparatchiks were ever entitled to the nation's full bounty . A well - rounded diet with sufficient calories and protein was a rarity for the underclasses , who also lacked other amenities , to say nothing of access to the elite's ...
... apparatchiks were ever entitled to the nation's full bounty . A well - rounded diet with sufficient calories and protein was a rarity for the underclasses , who also lacked other amenities , to say nothing of access to the elite's ...
Contents
Tsar and Soviet | 17 |
The Success and Failure of the Soviet Economy | 65 |
HISTORY WITHOUT END | 107 |
Copyright | |
16 other sections not shown
Common terms and phrases
arms army authority bank budget building bureaucratic called capital central Commonwealth Communist communities create currency December defense demands democracy democratic direct domestic early East East German Eastern Europe economic elections emerged enterprises established ethnic European face factories fear February followed forces foreign former freedom future German Gorbachev held imports independent industrial interests internal investments January keep Kremlin labor land leaders leading living March materials means ment military million Moscow moved National Salvation Front nations nuclear officials opposition organized output Parliament party percent Poland political popular population President Press production promised reforms regions remained republics rubles rule Russian social sought Soviet Union standards supply tion trade turn United University wages wanted West Western workers World Yeltsin York