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Quoth she: "Sister, let be your heavy cheer;
Do my counsel, and I shall find the way
Withouten horse, brig, boat, or yet gallay,
To bring you o'er safely-be not afeard-
Nor even wet the tip of your long beard."

"I haf great wonder," quoth the silly Mouse, "How thou can'st float without feather or fin!

This river is sa deep and dangerous,

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Methinks that thou would drowned be therein.

Tell me, therefore, what facultie or gin,? Thou hast to bring thee o'er this water?' Thans

Thus to declare, the Paddock soon began: 35

"With my twa feet," quoth she, "webbed and braid,9

Instead of oars, I row the stream full still; And though the flood be perilous to wade,

Baith to and fra I row at my ain will.

I may not drown,-for why?-my open gill 40 Devoidis10 aye the water I resaif," Therefore to droun, forsooth, na dreid I haif." 12 The Mouse looked hard upon her fronsit13 face, Her wrinkled cheekes, and her lippes wide; Her hanging browės, and her voice sa hace; 45 Her sprawling leggės, and her harsky 15 hide. She ran aback, and to the Paddock cried: "If I have ony skill in phisnomie, 16 Thou hast some part of falsehood and envíe.

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The blue-berries, though they be sad of hue,

Are gathered when the primrose is forsaken. The face may fail to be the heart's true takin, Therefore I find this Scripture all in place: Thou should not judge a man after his face.

"Though I unwholesome be to luik upon,

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I have na cause why I should blamed be; 65 Were I as fair as jolie Absalom,

I am na causer of that great beautie. This difference in form and qualitie Almighty God hath caused Dame Natúre To print, and set in every creature.

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"Of some the face may be full flourishing; Of silken tongue and cheer richt amorous; With mind inconstant, false, and varying, With tricky ways, and full of sly deceit." "Leave preaching," quoth the Mouse, who longed to eat,

"And by what craft, now mak me understand, You mean to bear me unto yonder land!"

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Then up she gazed, and to the heavens gan cry: "O Jupiter! of Nature, god and king,

I mak an aith truly to thee, that I

This little Mouse shall o'er this water bring." This aith was made. The Mouse not pérceiving

The false device of this foul trickster Taid, 24 97 Tuik threid, and bound her leg, as she her bade.

Then foot for foot they leapt baith in the brim; But in their minds they were quite different: The Mouse thought of na thing but for to swim, The Paddock for to drown25 set her intent. When they had gained mid-stream, as on they went,

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With all her force the Paddock pressed down, And thought the Mouse without mercie to drown.

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23 Apparently an oath by which a person solemnly binds himself not to murder or injure another, or deceive him to his hurt.

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4 Short time.

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3 The sense is, For (i. e. because) the world's trash, refuse (wrack), without ("but") spiritual well-being (welfare) avails nothing. & Have. 6 Care. 7 The passage is thus paraphrased by Hailes:"What riches give us, let us then explore; Meat, drink, and clothes; what else? a sight of more." 8 Scroll.

1 Mahomet, here the devil. In the Middle Ages, Mahomet and other false prophets were confused or identified with Satan.

2 Fastens or fastings even, Shrove Tuesday, the evening preceding the fast of Lent. It was a season of riotous festivity.

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All with that warlook went:

Out of their throats they shot on other
Hot, molten gold, me thocht, a futher14
As fire-flaught 15 maist fervent;
Aye, as they emptied them of shot,
Fiends filled them new up to the throat,
With gold of all kind prent.18

...

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I that in health was and gladnéss,

Am troubled now with great sickness, And feeble with infirmity;

Timor Mortis conturbat me.

Our pleasunce here is all vain glory,
This false warld is but transitory,
The flesh is bruckle,2 the Fiend is slee;3
Timor Mortis conturbat me.

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The state of man does change and vary,
Now sound, now sick, now blithe, now sary, 10
Now dancing merry, now like to dee;

Timor Mortis conturbat me.

No state on earth stands fast, I find;
As osiers light wave in the wind,
So waveth this warld's vanity;
Timor Mortis conturbat me.

Down unto death go all estates,

Prelates, and kings, and potentates,

Baith rich and poor of all degree;
Timor Mortis conturbat me.

Death strikes the knichts up on the field,
Full armoured, under helm and shield,
Victor in every fight is he;

Timor Mortis conturbat me.

That strong, unmerciful tyránd5

Taks, on the mother's breast sowkand," The babe full of benignity;

Timor Mortis conturbat me.

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17 Breve of Recto, a writ which in feudal Scotland established a right to succession.

18 In Dunbar's time and for long after, the Highlanders were regarded with a feeling of mingled dread and contempt by the more settled and prosperous people of the South. Cf. the attitude of Baillie Nichol Jarvie in Scott's Rob Roy.

19 An opponent of Wallace, the Scotch patriot. After swearing allegiance to Edward Ist, Makfadyane fled to a cave, where he was surprised and killed. Hence the assertion that he was fetched from a "nook" in the "northwest.'

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He taks the champion in the stour,'
The captain closed in the tour,
The lady in bour ful of beautie;
Timor Mortis conturbat me.

He spares no lord for his puissance,
No clerk for his intelligence;
His awful stroke may no man flee;
Timor Mortis conturbat me.

Masters of magic and astrology,
Of rhetoric, logic or theology,
Are helped by no conclusions slee;
Timor Mortis conturbat me.

In medecine the best practiciáns,
Of leeches, surgeons, and physicians,
Themselves from death may not supplie;
Timor Mortis conturbat me.

I see that Makers, amang the lave,"

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Play here their pageants, then go to grave; Death does not spare their facultie;

Timor Mortis conturbat me.

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Frae ballad-making and tragedy;

Timor Mortis conturbat me.

Holland and Barbour he has bereft;
Alas, he has not with us left

Sir Mungo Lockhart of the Lea!
Timor Mortis conturbat me.

Clerk of Tranent eke he has ta'en,
That made th' adventures of Gawain,
Sir Gilbert Hay ended has he;

Timor Mortis conturbat me.

He has blind Harry and Sandy Traill
Slain with his shot of mortal hail,
Which Patrick Johnstoun micht not flee;
Timor Mortis conturbat me.

He has reft" Merseir his endite,'
That did of luve so lively write,
So short, so quick, of sentence hie;13
Timor Mortis conturbat me.

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10 Among the twenty-four poets celebrated by Dunbar, Chaucer alone remains a living power in literature. Barbour, Gower, Lydgate and Henryson hold a secure and honorable place; while a few others, as Blind Harry and Walter Kennedy, although less known, are still nominally remembered. Some of the remainder are more or less securely established on the right side of oblivion, while others, in Sir T. Browne's phrase, "Subsist under naked nominations, without deserts and noble acts, which are the balsam of our memories."

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(From the Prologue to the Eneid,1 Bk. XII) Welcome, the lord of licht, and lamp of day, Welcome, fost'rer of tender herbés green, Welcome, quick'ner of blooming blossoms sheen,

Welcome, support of every root and vein,

Welcome, comfort of all-kind fruit and grain, 5
Welcome, the birdės bield upon the brere,3
Welcome, maistér and ruler of the year,
Welcome, welfare of farmers at the ploughs,
Welcome, repairer of woods, trees, and boughs,
Welcome, depainter of the blooming meads, 10
Welcome, the life of everything that spredes,
Welcome, the strength of all-kind bestial,
Welcome be thy bricht beamés gladding all,
Welcome, celestial mirror and aspy,5
Arresting all that practise sluggardy.

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1 The translation of the Eneid is generally acknowl edged to be Douglas's most important work. It is noteworthy as the earliest attempt to reproduce a great classical poem in English verse. The prologues prefaced to the various books, contain some vivid and forcible descriptions of Nature, and are intrinsically the most interesting parts of the work. 3 Briar.

* Nest.

i. e. the one who gives success to the farmer's labors. the source of his welfare. $ Sentinel.

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675

Let doctors write their curious questióuns,
And arguments, sown full of sophistrie;
Their logic, and their high opinióuns,
And their dark judgments of astronomie,
Their medicine, and their philosophie;
Let poets show their glorious ingyne,1
As ever they please, in Greek, or in Latine:
But let us have the bookės necessare
To commonweal and our salvatióun,
Justly translated in our tongue vulgaire:
And so I mak the supplicatioun,

O gentle redar, have na indignatióun,
Thinking I meddle with so high mattair:
Now to my purpose forward will I fare.

James Wedderburn

c. 1500-1564-5

LEAVE ME NOT
(Psalm XXVII, 9)

Ah! my Lord, leave me not,
Leave me not, leave me not,
Ah! my Lord, leave me not,
Thus mine alone:

With ane burden on my back
I may not bear, I am so weak,
Lord, this burden from me tak,
Or else I am gone.

With sins I am laden sair,1
Leave me not, leave me not,
With sins I am laden sair,
Leave me not alone:
I pray thee, Lord, therefore,
Keep not my sins in store;
Loose me, or I am forlore,

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And hear thou my moan.

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With Thy hands Thou hast me wrought, Leave me not, leave me not,

With Thy hands Thou hast me wrought,

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1 The Monarchy, or Ane Dialog betwix Experience and ane Courteour, Lyndsay's last poem, is a lengthy survey of the history of the world, with a prophecy of the millenium, when all things shall be made new.

Lat. vulgaris, popular.

Learned writers.

Greek.

I

To Thee, Lord, alone.

To leave me not, to leave me not,

I cry and call to Thee,

To leave me not alone:

10 Genius.

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Lat. ornatus, means here proper or fitting. 8 Original.

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