Section in the State prison of this State. 4. In regard to navigable streams. 5. An accurate statement of the receipts and expenditures of the public moneys shall be attached to and published with the laws at every regular session of the Legislature. 6. Laws, etc., to be in English. 7. Every person has a right to bear arms for the defense of himself and the State. 8. The military to be subordinate to the civil power. 9. Quartering of soldiers. 10. The people have the right to assemble together peacefully to consult for the common good. 11. Slavery shall be prohibited in this State. 12. In regard to leases. 13. Aliens may hold property. 14. Private property.-Private roads. 15. Revision of laws.-Commissioners to examine. ARTICLE XIX. 1. Upper Peninsula.-See schedule, sec. 26. 2. The district judge shall be elected by the electors of such district. 3. In regard to the district attorney. 4. Senators and Representatives. 5. Compensation of judges, etc.See Constitution, article 4, section 15. 6. Election.-When to take place. 7. In regard to mining taxes. 8. The location of the State prison. 9. Mining companies.-Charters may be modified by the Legislature. ARTICLE XIXa. 1. Railroad fares and freights.Discrimination prohibited. 2. Competing lines not to consolidate.-Notice of consolidation. ARTICLE XX. 1. Amendments to Constitution may be proposed by the Senate or House of Representatives. 2. Revision of the Constitution. 2. Continuance of writs, actions, etc. 3. In regard to fines, etc. 4. Recognizances, etc. 5. Governor and Lieutenant-Governor. 6. In regard to officers to hold over. 7. Senators and Representatives shall continue to hold office until superseded by their successors. 8. County officers to hold over. 9. Terms of certain officer. 10. Jurisdiction of suits, etc. 11. Jurisdiction of Probate Courts, etc. 12. The office of State printer. 13. It shall be the duty of the Legislature at their first session to adopt the present laws to the provisions of this Constitution, as far as may be. 15. Any territory attached to any county for judicial purposes, if not otherwise represented, shall be considered as forming a part of such county. 16. Constitution to be submitted to the people.-Qualification of electors. 17. Any person entitled to vote for members of the Legislature, etc. 18. At the general election a ballot box shall be kept. 19. In regard to the canvass of the votes cast for the adoption or rejection of this Constitution. 20. In regard to salaries. 21. Expenditures of the convention. 22. Representative districts. 23. Cases pending in chancery. 24. Term of office of Governor, etc. 25. Upper Peninsula. 26. District judge and district attor ney. 27. Legislature of 1851.-Its duties. 28. Terms of State and county officers. 29. Judicial circuits, Const., Art. 6, Sec. 7. PREAMBLE. The People of the State of Michigan do ordain this Constitution. ARTICLE I. The State of Michigan consists of and has jurisdiction over the territory embraced within the following boundaries, to wit: Commencing at a point on the eastern boundary line of the State of Indiana where a direct line drawn from the southern extremity of Lake Michigan to the most northerly cape of the Maumee Bay, shall intersect the same said point being the north-west corner of the State of Ohio, as established by act of Congress, entitled "An act to establish the northern boundary line of the State of Ohio, and to provide for the admission of the State of Michigan into the Union upon the conditions therein expressed," approved June fifteenth, one thousand eight hundred and thirty-six; thence with the said boundary line of the State of Ohio till it intersects the boundary line between the United States and Canada in Lake Erie; thence with said boundary line between the United States and Canada through the Detroit river, Lake Huron and Lake Superior to a point where the said line last touches Lake Superior; thence in a direct line through Lake Superior to the mouth of the Montreal river; thence through the middle of the main channel of the said River Montreal to the head waters thereof; thence in a direct line to the center of the channel between Middle and South Islands in the lake of the Desert; thence in a direct line to the southern shore of Lake Brule; thence along said southern shore and down the River Brule to the main channel of the Menominee river; thence down the center of the main channel of the same to the center of the most usual ship channel of the Green bay of Lake Michigan; thence through the center of the most usual ship channel of the said bay to the middle of Lake Michigan; thence through the middle of Lake Michigan to the northern boundary of the State of Indiana, as that line was established by the act of Congress of the nineteenth of April, eighteen hundred and sixteen; thence due east with the north boundary line of the said State of Indiana to the north-east corner thereof; and thence south with the eastern boundary line of Indiana to the place of beginning. ARTICLE II. Seat of Government. Section 1. The seat of government shall be at Lansing, where it is now established. ARTICLE III. Division of the Powers of Government. Section 1. The powers of government are divided into three departments, the legislative, executive and judicial. Sec. 2. No person belonging to one department shall exercise the powers properly belonging to another, except in the cases. expressly provided in this Constitution. ARTICLE IV. Legislative Department. Section 1. The legislative power is vested in a Senate and House of Representatives. Sec. 2. The Senate shall consist of thirty-two members. Senators shall be elected for two years, and by single districts. Such districts shall be numbered from one to thirty-two, inclusive; each of which shall choose one Senator. No county shall be divided in the formation of Senate districts, except such county shall be equitably entitled to two or more Senators. Sec. 3. The House of Representatives shall consist of not less than sixty-four, nor more than one hundred members. Representatives shall be chosen for two years, and by single districts. Each representative district shall contain, as nearly as may be, an equal number of inhabitants, exclusive of persons of Indian descent, who are not civilized, or are members of any tribe, and shall consist of convenient and contiguous territory; but no township or city shall be divided in the formation of a representative district. When any township or city shall contain a population which entitles it to more than one Representative, then such township or city shall elect, by general ticket, the number of Representatives to which it is entitled. Each county hereafter organized, with such territory as may be attached thereto, shall be entitled to a separate Representative, when it has attained a population equal to a moiety of the ratio of representation. In every county entitled to more than one Representative, the board of supervisors shall assemble at such time and place as the Legis lature shall prescribe, and divide the same into representative districts, equal to the number of Representatives to which such county is entitled by law, and shall cause to be filed in the offices of the Secretary of State and clerk of such county, a description of such representative districts, specifying the number of each district and population thereof, according to the last preceding enumeration. Sec. 4. The Legislature shall provide by law for an enumeration of the inhabitants in the year eighteen hundred and fiftyfour, and every ten years thereafter; and at the first session after each enumeration so made and also at the first session after each enumeration by the authority of the United States, the Legisla ture shall rearrange the senate districts and apportion anew the Representatives among the counties and districts, according to the number of inhabitants, exclusive of persons of Indian descent who are not civilized, or are members of any tribe. Each apportionment, and the division into representative districts by any board of supervisors shall remain unaltered until the return of another enumeration. Sec. 5. Senators and Representatives shall be citizens of the United States, and qualified electors in the respective counties and districts which they represent. A removal from their respective counties or districts shall be deemed a vacation of their office. Sec. 6. No person holding any office under the United States or any county office, except notaries public, officers of the militia, and officers elected by townships, shall be eligible to or have a seat in either house of the Legislature; and all votes given for any such person shall be void., Sec. 7. Senators and Representatives shall in all cases, except treason, felony or breach of the peace, be privileged from arrest. They shall not be subject to any civil process during the session of the Legislature, or for fifteen days next before the commencement and after the termination of each session. They shall not be questioned in any other place for any speech in either house. Sec. 8. A majority of each house shall constitute a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and compel the attendance of absent members, in such manner and under such penalties as each house may prescribe. Sec. 9. Each house shall choose its own officers, determine the rules of its proceedings, and judge of the qualifications, elections, and returns of its members; and may, with the concurrence of two-thirds of all the members elected, expel a member. No member shall be expelled a second time for the same cause, nor fer any cause known to his constituents antecedent to his election. The reason for such expulsion shall be entered upon the journal, with the names of the members voting on the question. Sec. 10. Each house shall keep a journal of its proceedings, and publish the same, except such parts as may require secrecy. The yeas and nays of the members of either house on any ques tion, shall be entered on the journal at the request of one-fifth of the members elected. Any member of either house may dissent from and protest against any act, proceeding or resolution which he may deem injurious to any person or the public, and have the reason of his dissent entered on the journal. Sec. 11. In all elections, by either house, or in joint convention, the votes shall be given viva voce. All votes on nominations to the Senate shall be taken by yeas and nays, and published with the journal of its proceedings. Sec. 12. The doors of each house shall be open, unless the public welfare require secrecy. Neither house shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, nor to any other place than where the Legislature may then be in session. Sec. 13. Bills may originate in either house of the Legislature. Sec. 14. Every bill and concurrent resolution, except of adjournment, passed by the Legislature, shall be presented to the Governor before it becomes a law. If he approve, he shall sign it; but if not, he shall return it with his objections to the house in which it originated, which shall enter the objections at large upon their journal, and reconsider it. On such reconsideration, if two-thirds of the members elected agree to pass the bill, it shall be sent with the objections to the other house, by which it shall be reconsidered. If approved by two-thirds of the members elected to that house, it shall become a law. In such case the vote of both houses shall be determined by yeas and nays; and the names of the members voting for and against the bill shall be entered on the journals of each house respectively. If any bill |