Section 2. Supreme Court, how composed.Quorum.-Term.-First election. 3. Jurisdiction of Supreme Court.— Terms. 4. Officers of court to be appointed. -Terms. 5. Judicial districts.-One judge in each.-Term.-Duties. 6. Jurisdiction of District Courts. 7. Clerks of District Court.-Term. 8. Probate Courts.-Jurisdiction.To consist of one judge.-Elected.-Compensation. 9. Justices of the Peace.-Term.Powers.-Number. 10. Appeals from Probate Courts and Justices of the Peace. 11. Election of judicial officers.-Va- ! cancies.-How filled. 12. Judicial officers to hold until successors have qualified. 13. Salaries, not to be increased during term.-Not to receive fees.Not to practice law. 14. Judicial districts may be increased during term.-Not to vacate any office. 15. Removal of justices and judges. 16. Jurisdiction at chambers.-To be regulated by law. 17. Style of process.-Authority for prosecution. 18. Judicial districts. 19. Counties may be attached for judicial purposes. 20. Judges pro tempore in certain cases. ARTICLE IV. Elections. 1. Election by the people to be by ballot.-In Legislature to be viva voce. 2. Elections.-When held. ARTICLE V. Suffrage. 1. Qualifications of electors.-Classes entitled to privilege. 2. Classes excluded.-Defaulters to government.-Those guilty of bribery.-Disloyal persons. Section 2. Militia to be organized and dis ciplined. 3. Election of militia officers. 4. Governor commander-in-chief.When to call out militia. ARTICLE IX. County and Township Organizations. 1. Organization of new counties.County lines.-County seats.Change of seat.-Least area of new county. 2. County and township officers. 3. County officers to hold two years, etc., except commissioners, who hold three.-Sheriff and treasurer limited. 4. Township officers.-Term annual, except justices of the peace. 5. Removal of county and township officers. ARTICLE X. Apportionment. 1. Each county to have at least one Representative.-Districts. 2. Basis of representation.-The census once every five years. 3. Present apportionment in the two Houses. ARTICLE XI. Finance and Taxation. 1. Assessment and taxation to be uniform.-Property exempted. 2. Taxing of notes, bills, etc., of banks and bankers. 3. Revenues to pay current expenses of the State. 4. No tax to be levied but by law. -The object to be stated.-To be applied to no other purpose. 5. State debt limited.-Laws creating debt.-How passed. 6. To be submitted to direct vote of people. 7. State may borrow money to repel invasion, etc.-Money thus raised to be applied exclusively to its object. 8. State not to carry on internal improvements. 17. Votes, how counted.-Returns. how made. 18. Poll books and tally lists, how kept or returned.-Time for making returns. 19. County tribunals to canvass votes.-To make returns to president of convention. 20. Board of State canvassers.-Results, how declared. 21. Proclamation announcing result. 22. Copies to be transmitted to President and officers of Congress. 23. Duty of Governor upon notice of admission of State. 24. First Legislature not to change county lines. 25. Separate vote on homestead question. PREAMBLE. We, the people of Kansas, grateful to Almighty God for our civil and religious privileges, in order to insure the full enjoyment of our rights as American citizens, do ordain and establish this Constitution of the State of Kansas, with the following boundaries, to wit: Beginning at a point on the western boundary of the State of Missouri, where the thirty-seventh parallel of north latitude crosses the same; thence running west on said parallel to the twenty-fifth meridian of longitude west from Washington; thence north on said meridian to the fortieth parallel of north latitude; thence east on said parallel to the western boundary of the State of Missouri; thence south with the western boundary of said State to the place of beginning. Bill of Rights. Section 1. All men are possesssed of equal and inalienable natural rights, among which are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Sec. 2. All political power is inherent in the people, and all free governments are founded on their authority, and are instituted for their equal protection and benefit. No special privileges or immunities shall ever be granted by the Legislature, which may not be altered, revoked or repealed by the same body; and this power shall be exercised by no other tribunal or agency. Sec. 3. The people have the right to assemble, in a peaceable manner, to consult for their common good, to instruct their representatives, and to petition the government, or any department thereof, for the redress of grievances. Sec. 4. The people have the right to bear arms for their defense and security; but standing armies, in time of peace, are dangerous to liberty, and shall not be tolerated, and the military shall be in strict subordination to the civil power. Sec. 5. The right of trial by jury shall be inviolate. Sec. 6. There shall be no slavery in this State; and no involuntary servitude, except for the punishment of crime, whereof the party shall have been duly convicted. Sec. 7. The right to worship God according to the dictates of conscience shall never be infringed; nor shall any person be compelled to attend or support any form of worship; nor shall any control of, or interference with the rights of conscience be per mitted, nor any preference be given by law to any religious establishment or mode of worship. No religious test or property quali fication shall be required for any office of public trust, nor for any vote at any election, nor shall any person be incompetent to testify on account of religious belief. Sec. 8. The right to the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless the public safety requires it in case of invasion or rebellion. Sec. 9. All persons shall be bailable by sufficient sureties except for capital offenses, where proof is evident or the presumption great. Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel or unusual punishment inflicted. Sec. 10. In all prosecutions, the accused shall be allowed to appear and defend in person, or by counsel; to demand the nature and cause of the accusation against him; to meet the witness face to face, and to have compulsory process to compel the attendance of witnesses in his behalf, and a speedy public trial by an impartial jury of the county or district in which the offense is alleged to have been committed. No person shall be a witness against himself, or be twice put in jeopardy for the same offense. Sec. 11. The liberty of the press shall be inviolate; and all persons may freely speak, write or publish their sentiments on all subjects, being responsible for the abuse of such right; and in all civil or criminal actions for libel, the truth may be given in evidence to the jury, and if it shall appear that the alleged libelous matter was published for justifiable ends, the accused party shall be acquitted. Sec. 12. No person shall be transported from the State for any offense committed within the same, and no conviction in the State shall work a corruption of blood or forfeiture of estate. Sec. 13. Treason shall consist only in levying war against the State, adhering to its enemies, or giving them aid and comfort. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the evidence of two witnesses to the overt act, or confession in open court. Sec. 14. No soldier shall, in time of peace, be quartered in any house without the consent of the occupant, nor in time of war, except as prescribed by law. Sec. 15. The right of the people to be secure in their persons and property against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall be inviolate; and no warrant shall issue but on probable cause, |