from their homes to the seat of governmnt, not to exceed ten cents a mile each way, by the nearest and most practicable

route.

Sec. 5. No Senator or member of the House of Representatives shall, during the time for which he was elected, be appointed or elected to any civil office under the Constitution of this State, that has been created, or the emoluments whereof shall have been increased during such time.

Sec. 6. Each house shall judge of the qualifications, elections and returns of its own members, choose its own officers, and determine the rules of its proceedings. The Senate shall, at the convening of each regular session thereof, choose from among its own members a permanent President of the Senate, who shall be its presiding officer. The House of Representatives shall, at the convening of each regular session thereof, choose from among its own members a permanent Speaker of the House of Representatives, who shall be its presiding officer. Each house may punish its own members for disorderly conduct; and each house, with the concurrence of two-thirds of all of its members present, may expel a member.

Sec. 7. No person holding a lucrative office or appointment under the United States or this State, shall be eligible to a seat in the Legislature of this State.

Sec. 8. The seat of a member of either house shall be vacated on his permanent change of residence from the district or county from which he was elected.

Sec. 9. Either house during the session may punish by fine or imprisonment any person not a member who shall have been guilty of disorderly or contemptuous conduct in its presence, or of a refusal to obey its lawful summons, but such imprisonment shall not exceed beyond the final adjournment of the session.

Sec. 10. Either house shall have power to compel the attendance of witnesses upon any investigations held by itself, or by any of its committees; the manner of the exercise of such powers shall be provided by law.

Sec. 11. A majority of each house shall constitute a quorum to do business, but a smaller number may adjourn from day to day, and compel the presence of absent members in such manner and under such penalties as it may prescribe.

Sec. 12. Each house shall keep a journal of its own proceedings, which shall be published, and the yeas and nays of

the members of either house on any question shall, at the desire of any five members present, be entered on the journal.

Sec. 13. The doors of each house shall be kept open during its session, except the Senate, while sitting in executive session; and neither shall, without the consent of the other, adjourn for more than three days, or to any other town than that in which they may be holding their session.

Sec. 14. Any bill may originate in either house of the Legis lature, and after being passed in one house, may be amended in the other.

Sec. 15. The enacting clause of every law shall be as fol lows: "Be it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Florida."

Sec. 16. Each law enacted in the Legislature shall embrace but one subject and matter properly connected therewith, which subject shall be briefly expressed in the title; and no law shall be amended or revised by reference to its title only; but in such case the act, as revised, or section, as amended, shall be re-enacted and published at length.

Sec. 17. Every bill shall be read by sections on three several days in each house, unless, in case of emergency, two-thirds of the house where such bill may be pending shall deem it ex pedient to dispense with this rule; but the reading of a bill by sections on its final passage shall in no case be dispensed with, and the vote on the final passage of every bill or joint resolution shall be taken by yeas and nays, to be entered on the journal of each house: Provided, that any general revision of the entire laws embodied in any bill shall not be required to be read by sections upon its final passage, and its reading may be wholly dispensed with by a two-thirds vote; and a majority of the members present in each house shall be necessary to pass every bill or joint resolution; and all bills or joint resolutions so passed shall be signed by the presiding officers of the respective houses, and by the Secretary of the Senate and the Clerk of the House of Representatives.

Sec. 18. No law shall take effect until sixty days from the final adjournment of the session of the Legislature at which it may have been enacted, unless otherwise specially provided in such law.

Sec. 19. Accurate statements of the receipts and expendi tures of the public money shall be attached to and published with the laws passed at every regular session of the Legislature.

Sec. 20. The Legislature shall not pass special or local laws in any of the following enumerated cases: that is to say, regulating the jurisdiction and duties of any class of officers, except municipal officers, or for the punishment of crime or misdemeanor; regulating the practice of courts of justice, except municipal courts; providing for changing venue of civil and criminal cases; granting divorces; changing the names of persons; vacating roads; summoning and impaneling grand and petit juries, and providing for their compensation; for assessment and collection of taxes for State and county purposes; for opening and conducting elections for State and county officers, and for designating the places of voting; for the sale of real estate belonging to minors, estates of decedents and of persons laboring under legal disabilities; regulating the fees of officers of the State and county; giving effect to informal or invalid deeds or wills; legitimizing children; providing for the adoption of children; relieving minors from legal disabilities; and for the establishment of ferries.

Sec. 21. In all cases enumerated in the preceding section all laws shall be general and of uniform operation throughout the State, but in all cases not enumerated or excepted in that section, the Legislature may pass special or local laws: Provided, that no local or special bill shall be passed, unless notice of the intention to apply therefor shall have been published in the locality where the matter or thing to be effected may be sitnated, which notice shall state the substance of the contemplated law, and shall be published at least sixty days prior to the introduction into the Legislature of such bill, and in the manner to be provided by law. The evidence that such notice has been published shall be established in the Legislature before such bill shall be passed.

Sec. 22. Provision may be made by general law for bringing suit against the State as to all liabilities now existing or hereafter originating.

Sec. 23.

Lotteries are hereby prohibited in this State.

Sec. 24. The Legislature shall establish a uniform system of county and municipal government, which shall be applicable

except in cases where local or special laws are provided by the Legislature that may be inconsistent therewith.

Sec. 25. The Legislature shall provide by general law for incorporating such educational, agricultural, mechanical, mining and other useful companies or associations as may be deemed necessary.

Sec. 26. Laws shall be passed regulating elections, and prohibiting, under adequate penalties, all undue influence thereon from power, bribery, tumult or other improper practice.

Sec. 27. The Legislature shall provide for the election by the people or appointment by the Governor of all State and county officers not otherwise provided for by this Constitution, and fix by law their duties and compensation.

Sec. 28. Every bill that may have passed the Legislature shall, before becoming a law, be presented to the Governor; if he approves it he shall sign it, but if not he shall return it with his objections to the house in which it originated, which house shall cause such objections to be entered upon its journal, and proceed to reconsider it; if, after such consideration, it shall pass both houses by a two-thirds vote of members present, which vote shall be entered on the journal of each house, it shall become a law. If any bill shall not be returned within five days after it shall have been presented to the Governor (Sunday excepted), the same shall be a law, in like manner as if he had signed it. If the Legislature, by its final adjournment, prevent such action, such bill shall be a law, unless the Governor, within ten days after the adjournment, shall file such bill, with his objections thereto, in the office of the Secretary of State, who shall lay the same before the Legislature at its next session, and if the same shall receive two-thirds of the votes present, it shall become a law.

Sec. 29. The House of Representatives shall have the sole power of impeachment; but a vote of two-thirds of all members present shall be required to impeach any officer; and all impeachments shall be tried by the Senate. When sitting for that purpose, the Senators shall be upon oath or affirmation, and no person shall be convicted without the concurrence of twothirds of the Senators present. The Senate may adjourn to a fixed day for the trial of any impeachment, and may sit for the purpose of such trial whether the House of Representatives be in session or not, but the time fixed for such trial shall not be

more than six months from the time articles of impeachment shall be preferred by the House of Representatives. The Chief Justice shall preside at all trials by impeachment except in the trial of the Chief Justice, when the Governor shall preside. The Governor, Administrative officers of the Executive department, Justices of the Supreme Court and Judges of the Circuit Court shall be liable to impeachment for any misdemeanor in office, but judgment in such cases shall extend only to removal from office and disqualification to hold any office of honor, trust or profit under the State; but the party convicted or acquitted shall nevertheless be liable to indictment, trial and punishment according to law.

Sec. 30. Laws making appropriations for the salaries of public officers and other current expenses of the State shall contain provisions on no other subject.

Sec. 31. The Legislature shall elect United States Senators in the manner prescribed by the Congress of the United States and by this Constitution.

Sec. 32. The repeal or amendment of any Criminal Statute shall not affect the prosecution or punishment of any crime committed before such repeal or amendment.

Sec. 33. No statute shall be passed lessening the time within which a civil action may be commenced on any cause of action existing at the time of its passage.

ARTICLE IV.

Executive Department.

Section 1. The Supreme Executive power of the State shall be vested in a Chief Magistrate, who shall be styled the Governor of Florida.

Sec. 2. The Governor shall be elected by the qualified electors of the State at the time and places for voting for members of the Legislature, and shall hold his office for four years from the time of his installation, but shall not be eligible for re-election to said office the next succeeding term: Provided, that the first election for Governor under this Constitution shall be had at the time and places of voting for members of the Legislature and State officers, A. D. 1888, and the term of office of the Governor then elected shall begin on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in January after his election.