General System Theory: Foundations, Development, Applications |
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Page 54
... elements considered in isolation . In case 3 , not only the elements should be known , but also the relations be- tween them . Characteristics of the first kind may be called summative , of the second kind constitutive . We can also say ...
... elements considered in isolation . In case 3 , not only the elements should be known , but also the relations be- tween them . Characteristics of the first kind may be called summative , of the second kind constitutive . We can also say ...
Page 55
... elements as known in isolation . Constitutive charac- teristics are those which are dependent on the specific relations within the complex ; for understanding such characteristics we therefore must know not only the parts , but also the ...
... elements as known in isolation . Constitutive charac- teristics are those which are dependent on the specific relations within the complex ; for understanding such characteristics we therefore must know not only the parts , but also the ...
Page 67
... elements . We may call such behavior physical summativity or independence . We may define summativity by saying that a complex can be built up , step by step , by putting together the first separate elements ; conversely , the ...
... elements . We may call such behavior physical summativity or independence . We may define summativity by saying that a complex can be built up , step by step , by putting together the first separate elements ; conversely , the ...
Contents
Introduction | 3 |
The Meaning of General System Theory | 30 |
Information and Entropy | 41 |
Copyright | |
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allometric animal appears applied approach aspects atoms basic Bertalanffy biological catabolism causality cell characteristics chemical classical classical physics closed systems complex components concept consideration considered constant contrast cultural cybernetics decision theory defined differential equations dynamic dynamical system theory editor elements energy entities entropy equifinality equilibrium essentially evolution example experience expressed fact feedback fields formulation functions game theory growth curves homeostasis important increase individual information theory interaction isomorphic kinetics language laws living organism living systems Lotka Ludwig von Bertalanffy machine means mechanisms mechanistic mental metabolic rate modern nature open systems organismic phenomena philosophy physics physiological present principle problems processes Psychiatry psychology psychophysical quantitative reaction reality regulations relations robot Schizophrenia scientific sense similar so-called social sciences sociology specific steady structure symbolic teleology theoretical theory of open thermodynamics tion universe variables vitalistic weight whole world picture York