Pakistan Development Review, Volume 46, Issue 4, Parts 1-2Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, 2007 - Economic policy |
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Page 387
... Granger causality test results for the hypotheses indicated in section 3.3 are reported below in Table 3 below . Table 3 Granger Causality Test : Results OMOS Full : 91 : 04- FCD : 91 : 04- Initiation FCD - Freeze 9/11 Null Hypothesis ...
... Granger causality test results for the hypotheses indicated in section 3.3 are reported below in Table 3 below . Table 3 Granger Causality Test : Results OMOS Full : 91 : 04- FCD : 91 : 04- Initiation FCD - Freeze 9/11 Null Hypothesis ...
Page 482
... Granger causality running from income to energy for Indonesia , but Fatai , et al . ( 2004 ) found unidirectional causality running from energy consumption to income . Asafu - Adjaye ( 2000 ) examined the causal relationship between ...
... Granger causality running from income to energy for Indonesia , but Fatai , et al . ( 2004 ) found unidirectional causality running from energy consumption to income . Asafu - Adjaye ( 2000 ) examined the causal relationship between ...
Page 1072
Table 4 Granger Causality Results Causality Lags F - statistics P - value Result LY → LOC 1 2.99 0.05 Uni ... causality . This means that there is also uni - directional causality running from electricity consumption to per capita real ...
Table 4 Granger Causality Results Causality Lags F - statistics P - value Result LY → LOC 1 2.99 0.05 Uni ... causality . This means that there is also uni - directional causality running from electricity consumption to per capita real ...
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agriculture analysis average Balochistan behaviour biogas canal capital causality climate change coefficient cointegration corruption cost crop demand developing countries distribution domestic Ecofeminism economic growth effect efficiency energy consumption environment environmental Equation estimated exchange market pressure exchange rate exports external F-statistic farm farmers finance firms fiscal foreign forest function gender globalisation Granger causality groundwater households impact important improved income increase indicates Indus River industry inequality inflation input institutions International investment IPOs irrigation Islamabad issue Journal Khan labour Lahore land long run market integration million natural resources negative NWFP output Pakistan Development Review paper percent pollution population poverty production Punjab Quantile reduce regression relationship rent seeking Research resource curse resource rents rural significant Sindh Statistics strategy sukuk sustainable Table technique trade transport tubewells unemployment unit root urban variables wage World Bank