of New Orleans as one of the most charitable and philanthropic cities in the United States.

It will be seen from this statement what facilities the people of the state have placed in the power of the court to carry out the humane ideas anunciated in the Juvenile Court law. This benefaction has done so very much good for many little children abandoned on the shoals of life and picked up by good citizens and officers. They are now spending happy and comfortable days within the portals of many city asylums and homes, and many a kind story of generosity of asylum authorities could be told, who make room in crowded dormitories and at the dinner tables for helpless little ones, doing unflinchingly the Master's work. We have yet to meet a refusal from any asylum or orphans' home in this city.

Jurisdiction of Adults.

The jurisdiction of adults extends to cases of offenses simply, and was placed in this court for two reasons, that the child might be taken out of the environment of the criminal courts and that offenses against him would be heard by a court created for the protection of the child. Good results have followed this inovation. The average cases are assaults, abuses and injuries to the child, material or social, and moral infractions of the Child Labor Law, nonsupport of children, selling liquor to minors, etc. These form a large part of the court's work. For instance, the fines that have been paid in up to August 20 amount to $2,741.50. Of this the liquor cases have paid in $1,800, and there are cases on appeal to the Supreme Court involving $700 of fines. There have been sixty of these cases. In the other cases fines were imposed, or prison sentences. So far to August 20 for adults there have been 101 ordinary cases, 67 white, 34 colored; for selling liquor to minors 60, and for non-support of children 199, of which 160 were white and 39 colored. Of the liquor cases 42 were convicted.

The Compulsory Support of Children.

Special mention must be made of cases by the state against delinquent fathers, compelling support by them of their children. This matter has received attention of law makers everywhere. The code of states and statutes have given an action at common or civil law to wives and children for support, and every resort of the law has been tried. In Louisiana, which is decidedly moral and humane in this matter of martial support of offspring and parent, the civil law has always given the remedy and right, but experience has proven the weakness of the law. There was no possible way of enforcing a judgment even for alimony. In 1902 the Legislature provided an act that gave the state the right to prosecute delinquent husbands and fathers for non--support of wife and children, authorized the court to fix the weekly allowance based on the earnings or earning capacity of the parent, and directed the proper court to enforce its judgment by inprisonment, if necessary. The court is also authorized to exact a security bond for the alimony for the wife or the child.

The support of children falls to the Juvenile Court. This has been the most active and interesting feature of the court's work since its establishment, and has placed the court in high favor with the people of the city. The weekly seances of the court on these cases always draws a large audience of interested persons who seem to applaud the exacting standard fixed by the court at its opening and still maintained. There is no law of higher moral or social effect, nor one that accomplishes more good for the community than this law of compulsion by fathers to support and properly provide for their children. Its effect reaches down into the home and benefits the community by providing for the

family, and bringing the father then in court, and all other fathers, to a sense of duty. It is economic and philosophic, for it helps not only the family, but the state. All over the United States just such laws are being enacted and enforced with splendid results. A pleasing feature of this weekly performance is the effort of the court in every case to bring about a reconciliation between the spouses and results have been gratifying, but of 199 cases that came before the court thirty-five reconciliations have been effected with lasting results.

The average amount allowed weekly for support of a child ranges from $1.50 to $3, according to conditions, leaving open to the wife a chance in the district court for another judgment in her own favor. The average judgment rendered in the 164 cases up to August 20 was $4.22 in weekly payments. Of this there were probably paid by the week $600, omitting the delinquents who get subsequent treatment by imprisonment, and there will probably be paid into the hands of the criminal sheriff, who is the accountant and disbursing officer, approximately $30,000 per annum for the support of children. In figures like these, which are approximately correct, one can appreciate what is done and the benefit to the community from the enforcement of this humane and charitable law and the good accomplished for the mother and child.

The Juvenile Court Auxiliaries.

The work of the court, which embraces, so much in the iine of charity and benevolence, and so much that appeals to the womanhood of New Orleans always true and devoted in a cause of this kind, as evidenced by the loyal work of the brave women who stood by this movement in its infancy and accomplished the lion's share in its inauguration, still makes a pressing call on the good women of this city. A strong association, known as the Juvenile Court Auxiliary, was formed several months ago, and these ladies, in a beautifully unselfish and self-sacrificing spirit, have taken hold of this work and are performing true and honest deeds of help and kindness right straight along. They have charge of the domestic side of the court, are daily visiting and relieving families, and helping the court in many ways. Of this organization the following ladies are officers: Mrs. A. K. St. Martin, president; Mrs. Jac Stern, Miss Sophie Wright and Mrs. H. D. Coleman, vice-presidents; Mrs. A. Berendsohn, treasurer; Miss T. Lichtenstein, secretary, and the following executive committee: Mrs. T. H. Agnew, Mrs. H. Alcus, Mrs. A. Baumgarten, Mrs. James Bonfil, Mrs. Joseph Friend, Mrs. N. Goldstein, Mrs. S. D. Graham, Mrs. A. L. Judis, Mrs. J. R. Lusher and Mrs. George Moore.

The colored women of the city, interested in their race, have also formed a strong society and are helping the colored youth in many ways with willing hearts and generous purses. Much is left to them of the care and disposition of children, and they have been found to be active and sincere in their earnest co-operation. Mrs. Florence E. Chester is president, Albert Wicker, vice-president, and Mrs. Balto, Mrs. Cripps, Mrs. Boyd, Mrs. Gaudet and other good colored women and the committees.

The court is domiciled at 823 Baronne street, in a large and comfortable building furnished by the city. The officers of the court are Andrew H. Wilson, Judge Thomas R. Hauer, clerk; Felix A. Gonzales and William Beattie, deputy clerks; Messrs. James A. Pierce, chief probation officer; John Graham and Charles Thiac and Joseph Peyton, deputies; Messrs. Thomas H. Agnew, John Behrman and Joseph Klein, volunteer officers; Richard J. Coleman and Andrew Downey, day and night police officers in charge, and Joseph J. Williams, janitor and messenger.

Philanthropic persons all over the country have been much exercised over the stupendous question as to how the more than 100,090 dependent children should be cared for. Such eminent personages as Judge Lindsey of Denver, Theodore Dreiser, Thomas M. Mulry, David F. Tilley, Dr. Hastings S. Hart, Charles W. Birtwell, Rev. Francis A. Foy, Rev. Walter Reid Hunt, Jane Adams, Mrs. Einstein of New York, Mrs. Falconer, Mrs. Glenn, Miss Julia C. Lathrop, Miss Florence Larrabee Lattimore and Booker T. Washington, and a host of others, who have been engaged in devising methods by which dependent children can be converted into useful citizens, accepted the invitation of President Roosevelt for a conference in Washington, which closed recently. After considering this momentous question from various standpoints they finally decided to urge the president to recommend to Congress legislation providing for the establishment of a child bureau. I thing they did not succeed in formulating a plan upon which this bureau was to be organized. As a matter of fact, it is a problem very difficult of solution because of the fact that there are already many methods of caring for these dependents through homes, societies and institutions established where the double orphans can be assigned, asylums, industrial schools and innumerable schemes for the care, education and training of these dependents upon charity either wholly or in part.

From an interested observation it would seem that very much unwise philanthrophy has been expended without really accomplishing as much as has been desired, yet it cannot be denied that very many children have been saved from crime, pauperism and the class of undesirable citizens that are very numerous in the American republic. Unfortunately, too much sentimentalism often inspires this unwise philanthrophy. The ablest and most sincere seem to forget that children, both male and female, are not enough impressed with their own individual responsibility in earning a livng. Too few have been taught to support themselves by the sweat of their own brows. Few of the girls or boys of this country who have been cared for until they reached their teens have been apprenticed to useful trades or made to respect labor and industry. The majority of them will not work unless compelled to do so. Their minds are taken up with devices for getting a living by some method that does not include actual labor. The first thought of a boy in the line of occupation is to be cash boys, messenger boys, newsboys, caddies, jockeys and the numerous "easy jobs." Girls are crazy to be in the chorus or in minor parts in cheap theaters, saleswomen or some of the various occupations that will keep them in some excitement or before the public. They do not wish to learn honest trades. This has been brought about by the spirit of contempt for quiet, plodding thrift such as we witness in the old world. Our young people are too impatient, those in their teens wish to have compensation and occupation which they should not undertake until they have acquired knowledge and capabilities of men and

women.

In most institutions we find the most elaborate appointments and conveniences, and even luxuries, for these children. Highsalaried men and women have the care of these children; the consequence is, for the most part, the children have a false idea of life and are discontented with their lot when they have to go out from under the care of the institution and put up with the

discomforts that are unavoidable in the struggle of young people for existence. We do not wish to be considered as advocating hardships, discomforts or the withholding from them anything that would tend to make the child strong, happy and comfortable. What we do wish to advocate is that these children shall be made to understand that they must make some effort in life and exercise some industry if they expect to have the necessities or enjoy the luxuries of life.

There are many cases where widows have large families to support and not unfrequently seek relief by placing their children in institutions; this should be deprecated unless the parent is not the proper person to care for their offspring. Men are often widowers with large families, and beyond question are more helpless than a woman who loses her husband. It is more difficult for a widower to find a proper person to take care of his children than it is for a widow to earn the support of her children. The majority of these women manage to bring up their children better and earn more comfortable living for them than many well-to-do men, and young children without a mother are by far the most unfortunate of all other classes.

We do not envy those who have undertaken to solve this problem, but we hope that it will not result in establishing an expensive bureau that comes before Congress annually for large appropriations, but whose impractical methods do very little for the betterment of the children.

The state institutions can be properly officered and organized to do more for the children of their respective states than can any national bureau. The farms and extensive industrial departments that have been established through the juvenile courts in many of the state have beyond question done more to inspire, encourage and prepare these dependents for useful lives than has been accomplished through any other plans that have been tried.

The orphan asylums throughout the country have done a glorious work for the infants and children too young to be taught industrial habits or special vocations. The states, cities, towns, churches, philanthrophic persons and the various benevolent societies and associations can be relied upon to take care of the babies far better than national bureaus with their often cumbersome "red tape" and dilatory actions. Experience has proven that national bureaus are quite as subject to mismanagement as are state and local institutions. I cannot refrain from urging that the states be required to care for their own people, be they infants or adults. Mr. Root, in his speech before the New York Legislature, voiced a timely warning against thrusting too much upon the Federal government and the danger "of breaking down the local self-government of the states." He urged the "preservation of state power within the limits of its constitutional authority." Assuredly there are patriotic utterances which it would be well to heed. The disposition so foten manifested to throw upon Congress everything that is possible is one of the most serious dangers which threaten the republic. An attempt to organize a "child bureau" to be supported by Congress and officered by presidential appointments means far more than is apparent in the suggestion. Every state in the union is peopled and governed by the same intelligence that is evident in the population of the District of Columbia; the national congress and executive officials; therefore, there is no reason why each town, city and state should not make proper provision for the management of the dependent class. Each state knows what training is best adapted to insure good citizenship in its people.

Laugh today; you may hear bad news tomorrow. Be good; it is the only safe investment that pays ten per cent on the dollar.

Be kind; it makes your life like a June day, attracts friends and confounds enemies.

Be just; you never can tell how soon the fellow to whom you were unjust will have the screws on you.

Be liberal; you may be hungry yourself some day.

Be joyous; there is but one life to live, and to miss having had any gratification out of it is calamity, indeed.

Be true; then you may expect others to be true to you. Be sincere; others noting your sincerity, will give you their confidences and be likewise sincere with you.

Be thoughtful; the iron enters the soul in after life when we have been neglectful of those who have loved us.

Be careful; otherwise trouble may follow in your wake, the con man will sell you gold bricks and the promoter will brand you as an easy mark.

If you smoke, smoke good cigars and fewer of them. If you drink, go the limit-on temperance drinks and stop there. No man ever built a success on the basis of moderate or immoderate drinking of intoxicating liquors. To trifle with them is more dangerous than trying to count the teeth of a buzz-saw in action.

Don't overeat. Success, money or fame never bought a worn out man a new stomach.

If you can afford good clothes, wear them; otherwise be happy in what you can afford. No matter what your income, select the quiet garb of a gentleman. No man was ever heard very far by the loudness of his costume.

Live right and give others a chance to do the same. Don't underpay your employes or over-charge those who deal with you.

These are simple rules, yet few follow them all. He who does will be happy, and life, to him, will be worth living.

If one is to believe all the statements made by applicants for life insurance policies, some families have been distinguished by very curious, not to say inexplicable, happenings. The "British Medical Journal" selects a few of the most amusing blunders.

Mother died in infancy.

Father went to bed feeling well and the next morning woke up dead.

Grandfather died suddenly at the age of 103. Up to this time he bid fair to reach a ripe old age.

Applicant does not know anything about his maternal posterity, except that they died at an advanced age.

Applicant does not know cause of mother's death, but states that she fully recovered from her last illness.

Applicant has never been fatally sick. Father died suddenly; nothing serious.

Applicant's brother, who was an infant, died when he was a mere child. Grandfather died from gunshot wound caused by an arrow, shot by an Indian.

Applicant's fraternal parents died when he was a child.

Mother's last illness was caused from chronic rheumatism, but she was cured before death.

"More than 5,000 elephants a year go to make our piano keys," remarked the student boarder who had been reading the scientific notes in a patent medicine almanac.

"For the land's sake!" exclaimed the landlady. "Ain't it wonderful what some animals can be trained to do?"

Hotel Clerk-"Do you want a room with a bath?"

Uncle Hiram—“Wa-al, no-o; I don't calculate I'll be here Saturday night."

Several weeks ago a Kansas editor advertised the fact that he had lost his umbrella and requested the finder to keep it. He now reports: "The finder has done so. It pays to advertise."

A clergyman not long ago received the following notice regarding a marriage that was to take place at the parish house:

"This is to give you notis that I and Mis Jemima Arabella Brearly is comin' to church on Saturday afternoon nex' to undergo the operation of matrimony at your hands. Please be promp, as the cab is hired by the hour."

Every family should have a curfew, says a city editor, which should "ring tonight" and all other nights if needed. These curfews are inexpensive and can be made at home. Take a piece of siding two feet long, whittle one end to a handle. Take the child that needs the curfew and bend it over a barrel. Now take the siding and use it as a clapper. Good for a boy or girl up to eighteen and three applications are warranted to cure the most pronounced case of street loafing that exists. The resulting music is said to be more effective than singing, "Where is my wandering boy tonight."

Little Willie was missed by his mother one day for some time and when he reappeared she asked:

"Where have you been my pet?" "Playing postman," replied her 'pet', "I gave a letter to all the houses in our road. Real letters, too."

"Where on earth did you get them?" questioned his mother in amazement.

"They were those old ones in your wardrobe drawer, tied up with ribbon," was the innocent reply.

A lot of poor children were at a farm. The farmer gave them some milk to drink, the product of a prize

COW.

"How do you like it?" he asked, when they had finished.

"Gee, it's fine!" said one little fellow, who added after a pause, "I wish our milkman kept a cow!"

A small boy went into a South Boston drug store, wrinkled his face, rubbed his head and rubbed his left foot up and down his right leg in an effort to remember something that had escaped him.

"Say," he began, "will you tell me the name of the place where we Americans have so many soldiers?"

"Fort Sheridan?"

"Oh, no; it's further away than that and a new place."

"The Philippines?"

"That ain't just it, but it's somewhere around there."

"Perhaps you mean Manila?" "Manila! That's right! I knew I would get it after awhile. I want a bottle of Manila extract for flavoring. They're goin' to have ice cream."

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