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imported, or shall be found to disagree with the packages, quantities, or qualities, as they were at the time of original importation, except such disagreement as may have been occasioned by necessary or unavoidable wastage or damage only, and except also in cases where permission shall have been obtained according to law to alter or change the quantities or packages thereof, all such merchandise, or the value thereof to be recovered of the owner or person making such entry, shall be forfeited, and the person making such false entry shall also forfeit a sum equal to the value of the articles mentioned or described in such entry.

SEC. 3051. No forfeiture shall be incurred under the preceding section if it shall be made to appear to the satisfaction of the collector and naval officer of the district, if there be a naval officer, and if there be no naval officer, to the satisfaction of the collector, or of the court in which a prosecution for the forfeiture shall be had, that such false denomination, error, or disagreement happened by mistake or accident, and not from any intention to defraud the

revenue.

SEC. 3052. None of the provisions of this Title shall operate to prevent the exportation of bonded merchandise from warehouse within three years from the date of original importation, nor its transportation in bond from the port into which it was originally imported to any other port for the purpose of exportation.

SEC. 3053. Any merchandise imported from the British North American provinces adjoining the United States, which shall have been duly entered and the duties thereon paid or secured according to law at either of the ports of entry in the collection districts situated on the northern, north-eastern, and north-western frontiers of the United States, may be transported by land or by water, or partly by land and partly by water, to any port or ports from which merchandise may be exported for benefit of drawback, and be thence exported with such privilege to any foreign country. The laws relating to the transportation of merchandise entitled to drawback, and the due exportation and proof of landing thereof, and all regulations which the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe for the security of the revenue, must, however, be complied with.

SEC. 3054. Any imported merchandise, in the original packages, which shall have been duly entered and warehoused in pursuance of the provisions relating to warehouses, may be exported therefrom in conformity with law, and be transported, in the manner indicated, to ports in the adjoining British provinces, and become entitled to the benefits of those provisions.

SEC. 3055. Merchandise imported into the United States and exported from the port of Lake Ponchartrain shall be entitled to the benefit of a drawback of the duties upon exportation to any foreign

port, under the same provisions, regulations, restrictions, and limitations, as if such merchandise had been exported directly from New Orleans by way of the Mississippi River.

SEC. 3056. Any imported merchandise which has been entered, and the duties paid or secured according to law, for drawback, may be exported to the British North American provinces adjoining the United States.

SEC. 3057. The Secretary of the Treasury is hereby further authorized to prescribe such rules and regulations, not inconsistent with the laws of the United States, as he may deem necessary to carry into effect the provisions of the laws relating to drawbacks, and to prevent the illegal re-importation of any merchandise which shall have been exported as herein provided.

CHAPTER TEN.

ENFORCEMENT OF DUTY.-LAWS AND PUNISHMENT FOR VIOLATIONS. [This chapter comprises sections 3058 to 3094, R. S., and relates chiefly to the duties of the customs officers in making seizures; section 3058 is of general application, and is as follows :]

SEC. 3058. All merchandise imported into the United States shall, for the purpose of this title, be deemed and held to be the property of the person to whom the merchandise may be consigued; but the holder of any bill of lading consigned to order and properly endorsed shall be deemed the consignee thereof, and in case of the abandonment of any merchandise to the underwriters, the latter may be recognized as the consignee ; and under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury may prescribe, merchandise saved from a vessel wrecked or abandoned at sea or on or along the coast of the United States, and promptly brought into a port of the United States by or in possession of the salvors of the same, can, for the purpose of its title, be regarded as the property of such salvors, and the valuation thereof and payment of duties thereon can be made accordingly, and with due reference to the condition of the said merchandise as thus saved and the necessities of the case : Provided, however, That such bringing in by salvors shall be in good faith and without intent to evade the just payment of duty: And provided, further, That nothing herein contained shall be so construed as to prejudice in any other respect the rights of property, or of or through abandonment, or allowance of the owner, or any other person interested in said merchandise.

[As amended by Act of February 23, 1887.]

1. Entry cannot be made by one who holds a bill of lading drawn to the order of the shippers, which they have failed to indorse. 1887, s. s. 8202.

2. Under Sec. 3091 a warrant may issue to search for and seize any books, papers, invoices, etc., relating to any frauds, etc.; such books and papers seized in accordance with this section may be used in evidence against the importer in a suit for violation of the law. U. S. v. Hughes, 12 Blatchford, 553.

CHAPTER ELEVEN.

PROVISIONS APPLYING TO COMMERCE WITH CONTIGUOUS COUNTRIES.

[This chapter comprises sections 3095 to 3129, R. S.]

SEC. 3095. Except into the districts herein before described on the northern, northwestern, and western boundaries of the United States, adjoining to the Dominion of Canada, or into the districts adjacent to Mexico, no merchandise of foreign growth or manufacture, subject to the payment of duties, shall be brought into the United States from any foreign port in any other manner than by sea, nor in any vessel of less than thirty tons burden, agreeably to the admeasurement directed for ascertaining the tonnage of vessels; or landed or unladen at any other port than is directed by this Title, under the penalty of seizure and forfeiture of all such vessels, and of the merchandise imported therein, landed or unladen in any other manner.

SEC. 3096. All persons may import any merchandise of which the importation shall not be entirely prohibited, into the districts which are or may be established on the northern and northwestern boundaries of the United States, in vessels or boats of any burden, and in rafts or carriages of any kind or nature whatsoever.

SEC. 3097. All vessels, boats, rafts, and carriages, of what kind soever, arriving in such districts, on the northern and northwestern frontiers, containing merchandise subject to duties, on being imported into any port of the United States, shall be reported to the collector, or other chief officer of the customs at the port of entry in the district into which it shall be so imported; and such merchandise shall be accompanied with like manifests, and like entries shall be made, by the persons having charge of any such vessels, boats, rafts, and carriages, and by the owners or consignees of the merchandise laden on board the same; and the powers and duties of the officers of the customs shall be exercised and discharged in the districts last mentioned, in like manner as is prescribed in respect to merchandise imported in vessels from the sea; and generally, all such importations shall be subject to like regulations, penalties, and forfeitures as in other districts, except as is hereinafter specially provided.

1. Where goods consisting of unmanufactured logs are free of duty, no manifest is required, but the goods must pass under the supervision of customs officers. 1881, s. s. 4764.

2. Sections 3097, 3098, and 3099 do not require the filing of a manifest by the masters of vessels of less than five tons burden from contiguous foreign countries, except when containing merchandise subject to duty. But all such vessels must pass under the inspection of customs officers. 1881, s. s. 4806.

3. No manifest is needed from vessels of less than five tons burden, but under § 3100 of the Revised Statutes all goods must be entered and pass under the supervision of the customs officers. 1881, s. s. 4808.

4. The provisions of the next §, 3098, must be strictly adhered to, except where two or more vehicles arrive at a port at the same time, in charge of one person, when one manifest only is required. 1881, s. s. 4929.

SEC. 3098. The master of any vessel, except registered vessels, and every person having charge of any boat, canoe, or raft, and the conductor or driver of any carriage or sleigh, and every other person, coming from any foreign territory adjacent to the United States into the United States, with merchandise subject to duty, shall deliver, immediately on his arrival within the United States, a manifest of the cargo or loading of such vessel, boat, canoe, raft, carriage, or sleigh, or of the merchandise so brought from such foreign territory, at the office of any collector or deputy collector which shall be nearest to the boundary-line, or nearest to the road or waters by which such merchandise is brought; and every such manifest shall be verified by the oath of such person delivering the same; which oath shall be taken before such collector or deputy collector; and such oath shall state that such manifest contains a full, just, and true account of the kinds, quantities, and values of all the merchandise so brought from such foreign territory.

SEC. 3099. If the master, or other person having charge of any vessel, boat, canoe, or raft, or the conductor or driver of any carriage or sleigh, or other person bringing such merchandise, shall neglect or refuse to deliver the manifest required by the preceding section, or pass by or avoid such office, the merchandise subject to duty, and so imported, shall be forfeited to the United States, together with the vessel, boat, canoe, or raft, the tackle, apparel, and furniture of the same, or the carriage or sleigh, and harness and cattle drawing the same, or the horses with their saddles and bridles, as the case may be; and such master, conductor, or other importer shall be subject to a penalty of four times the value of the merchandise so imported.

SEC. 3100. All merchandise, and all baggage and effects of passengers, and all other articles imported into the United States from any contiguous foreign country, except as hereafter provided, as well as the vessels, cars, and other vehicles and envelopes in which the same shall be imported, shall be unladen in the presence of, and be inspected by, an inspector or other officer of the customs, at the first port of entry or custom-house in the United States where the same shall arrive; and to enable the proper officer thoroughly to discharge this duty, he may require the owner or his agent, or other person, having charge or possession of any trunk, traveling-bag, or sack, valise, or other envelope, or of any closed vessel, car, or other vehicle, to open the same, or to deliver to him the proper key.

SEC. 3101. If any owner, agent, or other person shall refuse or neglect to comply with his demands, allowed by the preceding section, the officer shall retain such trunk, traveling-bag, or sack,

valise, or whatsoever it may be, and open the same, and, as soon thereafter as may be practicable, examine the contents; and if any article subject to the payment of duty shall be found therein, the whole contents, together with the envelope, shall be forfeited to the United States, and disposed of as the law provides in other similar cases. If any such dutiable merchandise or article shall be found in any such vessel, car, or other vehicle, the owner, agent, or other person in charge of which shall have refused to open the same or deliver the key as herein provided, the same, together with the vessel, car, or other vehicle, shall be forfeited to the United States, and shall be held by such officer, to be disposed of as the law provides in other similar cases of forfeiture.

SEC. 3102. To avoid the inspection at the first port of arrival, the owner, agent, master, or conductor of any such vessel, car, or other vehicle, or owner, agent, or other person having charge of any such merchandise, baggage, effects, or other articles, may apply to any officer of the United States duly authorized to act in the premises, to seal or close the same, under and according to the regulations hereinafter authorized, previous to their importation into the United States; which officer shall seal or close the same accordingly; whereupon the same may proceed to their port of destination without further inspection. Every such vessel, car, or other vehicle, shall proceed, without unnecessary delay, to the port of its destination, as named in the manifest of its cargo, freight, or contents, and be there inspected. Nothing contained in this section shall be construed to exempt such vessel, car, or vehicle, or its contents, from such examination as may be necessary and proper to prevent frauds upon the revenue and violations of this Title.

Merchandise may be imported in sealed cars from Mexico under this section. 1881, s. s. 5031.

SEC. 3103. The Secretary of the Treasury is hereby authorized and required to make such regulations, and from time to time so to change the same as to him shall seem necessary and proper, for sealing such vessels, cars, and other vehicles, when practicable, and for sealing, marking, and identifying such merchandise, baggage, effects, trunks, traveling-bags, or sacks, valises, and other envelopes and articles; and also in regard to invoices, manifests, and other pertinent papers, and their authentication.

SEC. 3104. If the owner, master, or person in charge of any ves-sel, car, or other vehicle so sealed, shall not proceed to the port or place of destination thereof named in the manifest of its cargo, freight, or contents, and deliver such vessel, car, or vehicle to the proper officer of the customs, or shall dispose of the same by saleor otherwise, or shall unload the same, or any part thereof, at any other than such port, or place, or shall sell or dispose of the contents of such vessel, car, or other vehicle, or any part thereof, before such delivery, he shall be deemed guilty of felony, and on conviction thereof, before any court of competent jurisdiction, pay a finenot exceeding one thousand dollars, or shall be imprisoned for a

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