which, on this point, has so often been expressed by constituting, as integral parts of the University, the several Theological Colleges, which may now, or hereafter, be established, upon such safe and prudential principles, as the Government may prescribe; leaving every such Theological College to have a separate corporate existence, and internal management of its own, and subject to the Governing Body of the University, only in such matters as may be of a general disciplinary character; and, at the same time, giving to each Ecclesiastical Body, through the Theological Colleges which it may have established, a certain and prescribed amount of representation in the Governing Body of the University. The Trustees of Queen's College regard this as the prominent and most valuable, feature in Mr. Draper's Bill.

THE DRAPER UNIVERSITY BILL ECCLESIASTICAL SUPERIORITY IS PREVENTED.

By this Measure. also, Ecclesiastical superiority, caused by anything otherwise than what is fair, equitable and honourable, would be effectually prevented. According to the present amended Charter of King's College, the Trustees believe, with many persons in the Province, that unduly acquired Ecclesiastical superiority is only in some measure concealed, not prevented; inasmuch as the parties, who obtained the original Charter, though now constrained, in some measure, to act upon the amended one, must be expected, according to the well known principles of human nature, to endeavour to secure the operation of the principles of the Charter, which they sought, and which, even yet, they do not scruple to maintain, they have neither repudiated nor abandoned. The appointment now and then of a Professor from other ranks than those of the dominant Ecclesiastical Body in the College Council, cannot reasonably be expected to secure the object at which the intelligent portion of the community are aiming, in their continued discussion and agitation of this important question; and the Trustees are thoroughly convinced, that the longer the Government delay the equitable settlement of this question, the more extreme and revolutionary will be the character of the proposals made upon the subject, for the most unworthy political purposes, and that, consequently, the more difficult will be the task of any administration so to adjust the matter, as to secure the high and noble o¤jects contemplated by the Royal Founder of the Institution. It is believed that, unless a speedy, equitable and safe remedy be applied, the case of King's College will afford a proof and illustration of what has hitherto been sometimes witnessed, to the cost of all parties concerned, that the extreme of domination and justice never fails to produce the opposite extreme of general dissatisfaction and lawless disorder.

FINANCIAL FEATURES OF THE DRAPER UNIVERSITY BILLS COMMENDED.

With respect to that part of both Bills which have been introduced on this subject,— referring to a pecuniary grant to the Theological Colleges from the funds of the University, the Board of Trustees have to state that, entertaining, as they most cordially do, what is generally termed the principle of establishments, that it is the duty of the State to provide for the teaching of Religion within its boundaries, they have no objection of any sort to the reception of such a pecuniary grant.

But, in addition to this, the Board have particularly to state that Queen's College is an Institution to which the attention of government. and also that of the Council of King's College, ought to have been direct much more than it appears to have been.

NOTE. Here follows that part of the Trustee's "Statement to the Governor General which is printed on pages 104-105 of the Fourth Volume of this History, begining with the words: "As appears from part of a quotation already made", etcetera.)

The "Statement" of the Trustees then proceeds :

Moreover, although Queen's College has been established by private means alone, which, being obtained almost entirely in this country, it cannot but be well known that it must be altogether insufficient to support a University; and, although, the Royal Charter, which was declared to be necessary for the purposes sought to be attained, was procured at the heavy expenses of upwards of Seven Hundred Pounds, (£700,) yet, with the exception of a grant of Five Hundred Pounds, (£500,) from the Legislature, at the close of last Session, (for the year 1842, the first year during which Queen's College was in operation,) nothing whatever has been granted out of the public funds of the Province for the support of this Institution, while very different has been the treatment shown, not merely to similar, but also to very different literary Institutions throughout the Country.

The Board of Trustees feel prompted and encouraged to enter thus fully into all these matters, from observing the desire expressed by His Excellency

"Of affording to the several Colleges, now established in Upper Canada, an opportunity of offering such an exposition of the views entertained by each, as may facilitate his arriving at a clear understanding of the whole subject."

PRESENT UNSATISFACTORY STATE OF THE UNIVERSITY QUESTION.

It will thus be seen, that the position occupied by Queen's College, and by Upper Canada, in reference to a University Education, is substantially this, that, at a time when the people of Western Canada might reasonably have expected that some provision should be made for securing to them and their posterity, the benefits of a Literary and Scientific Education, "founded on the principles of the Christian Religion," a munificent provision was made by Royal Bounty for this important purpose ;-that, after a lapse of thirty years, a Charter from the Crown was obtained for the establishment of the University, the terms and character of which, when it was obtained, were unknown by the very people whose general and lasting welfare was meant by the endowment of the Royal Founder to be secured; and, when the people did know the character and terms of the Charter, their disapprobation of them was expressed in the most emphatic and unequivocal manner; that, for ten years, the procurers and holders of the Charter, contested and challenged the right and the power of any authority whatever, either in Canada, or in Britain, to wrest it from them, or even to change it; that the Members of the Church of Scotland, foreseeing no issue to this contest, and ignorant, as to the character of that issue, perceiving also, that as time passed away the literary and religious interests, not only of their own Body, but also of the public generally, were suffering loss, began to adopt measures, with the view of accomplishing, by private liberality, what they fondly hoped to have seen attained by means of Royal Bounty.

QUESTIONABLE MOTIVE OF THE POLICY OF DELAY, ON THE PART OF KING'S COLLEGE.*

Even after certain amendments on the original Charter were made, no successful efforts were put forth by the Council of King's College to put it in operation, until after the business of tuition in Queen's College had commenced, and also, not until after "the Upper Canada "Academy", established under that title by the Wesleyan Methodist Church. five years previously, had been incorporated under the name and style of Victoria College ", at Cobourg; so that, whereas, the summer of 1841 saw Upper Canada without a College at all, the summer of 1843 exhibited the same Country with three Colleges; not the least extraordinary feature of this exhibition being, that the acting authorities of the publicly endowed University did not proceed to lay its foundation stone until after the two others were in actual operation; superficial observers being thus tempted to draw the one, or the other of two conclusions, both equally erroneous, either that a College is a very different thing from what most educated people are accustomed to believe it to be, or, that Western Canada, in less than two years, had made such rapid advances in the desire of enjoying a Literary and Scientific Education, as, from having none, to have passed into the condition of having three Universities.

ANOMALOUS RESULT OF THIS QUESTIONABLE POLICY OF Delay.

The historical fact, all this time being, that, if the publicly endowed University had, instead of being started last, been put in operation first, and on such safe and liberal principles, as were set forth by the people of Canada, and also by Imperial Government, after the true state of the Province had become known in England, the two Universities which were first in operation, would never, as Universities, have been thought of. From the moment, when the three Colleges now in Upper Canada were in operation, it became inevitable that the public should regard them as rival, and not really needful Institutions, and as the one is munificently endowed, and the other two are not, it is rendered certain that, in consequence of privileges and rewards held out to Students by the publicly endowed College, which it is impossible for privately established Colleges to offer, most of the very limited number of University Students in the Country will be attracted to the place, whence pecuniary and literary honours will be most likely to flow upon their present and future course; and, finally, it will be seen, that, so far as Queen's College is concerned, not only has that equitable share in the management of the affairs of King's College, justly claimed by the Members of the Church of Scotland, been denied and resisted, but also that, what has repeatedly been the subject of the strongest representations by the Imperial Government, as well as of negotiation with the Government of this Country, and the acting authorities of King's College, has been unjustly withheld.

THEOLOGICAL COLLEGES MIGHT HAVE BEEN ESTABLISHED UNDER THE DRAPER BILLS.

Viewing all which considerations, the Board of Trustees of Queen's College entertain very decidedly the conviction, which they have, on many occasions, and in many modes, presented to Parliament, and to the Government, that the only effectual way of making King's College as

* Bishop Strachan, in his semi-private Letter to the Governor-General, explains the cause of this protracted delay. See page 90 of this Volume.

extensively useful, as it was meant to be, and, at the same time, of safely guarding the interests alike of Literature, Science and Religion, is to present inducements to the various Ecclesiastical Bodies in the Province, who may chose to avail themselves of such inducements, to establish merely Theological Colleges, with a certain amount of representation to each in the Council of King's College; and, upon this principle, so to deal, with the question of grants of money from the funds of the University to the Theological Colleges, which may be established, as constituent parts of the University, as justice and equity demand. In other words the Board of Trustees of Queen's College believe, that, the only safe way of settling this question is immediately to mark with Legislative authority a Measure bearing the essential features of the Bill introduced during the last Session of Parliament, by Mr. Attorney-General Draper. Extracted from the Minutes of the Board of Trustees of Queen's College, by

QUEEN'S COLLEge, Kingston, 14th March, 1846.

JAMES WILLIAMSON,*

Secretary.

On 16th June, 1846, the first opportunity which the Trustees of Queen's College had of meeting, after the division in the House of Assembly on Mr. Draper's University Bill of 1846, they embraced it to express their regret that the treatment which so important a Measure had experienced in Parliament should have been such as it had, for several years past, received and they also unanimously agreed to record their continued conviction that the leading principles of the Measure, which might now be regarded as set aside, were those best calculated to produce the greatest amount of educational good in the Province in its circumstances at the time. +

PROCEEDINGS OF THE PRESBYTERIAN SYNOD OF CANADA, IN CONNECTION WITH THE CHURCH OF SCOTLAND, 1846.

The following extracts, from the proceedings of the Presbyterian Synod of Canada, in connection with the Church of Scotland, relate to Queen's College :

July 2nd, 1846. The Synod proceeded to the election of three Trustees for Queen's College, at Kingston, in the room of the three who retire from office at this time, according to the terms of the Royal Charter of Queen's College, when the Reverend Hugh Urquhart, the Reverend George Romanes and the Reverend John Barclay were unanimously elected.

JULY 8TH, 1846. The draft of a Petition to the several branches of the Legislature, on the subject of King's College was given in and read ;—and, having been maturely considered, was ordered to be subscribed by the Moderator. (See page 29 of this Volume.)

July 11th 1846. The Synod deem it right and necessary, in connection with the permission hereby given, to express anew their determination to maintain the Laws of this Church in regard to a Collegiate Education as necessary to the efficient discharge of all the duties of the ministerial office. It was agreed, therefore, that ten Bursaries. (of from Ten to Fifteen Pounds each,) be given to Students in Divinity at Queen's College, looking forward to the Ministry in this Church-Such Bursaries to be given by competition, and under such restrictions as the Trustee Board may see fit to lay down.

July 14th 1846. The Board of Trustees of Queen's College, having intimated to the Synod that they had appointed the following additional members of Synod to carry on the work of instruction in Queen's College, videlicet, the Reverend John Machar, as Principal and Pri marius Professor of Theology, the Reverend James George, as Professor of Systematic Theology, the Reverend Hugh Urquhart, as Professor of Biblical Criticism and Church History, and the Reverend George Romanes, as Professor of Classical Literature and Moral Philosophy, the Synod enjoined the Presbyteries of Toronto, Glengary and Bathurst to give effect to the appointments of the Board of Trustees, by givin; the said ministers, who are within their bounds. leave of absence from their charges for the necessary time during the College Session, and supplying their pulpits during their absence.

The Synod enjoined the Commission of Synod to prepare Petitions to the several branches of the Legislature on the subject of King's College, in terms of the former Petitions of the Synod on that subject, and to have the same presented in the name of the Synod.

July 18th 1846. The Reverend Doctor Liddell ceases to be a Member of the Presbytery of Kingston, having resigned the office of Principal of Queen's College.

* For a personal reference to the Reverend Doctor Williamson, see foot note on page 298 of the Third Volume of this Documentary History.

† See pages 97-99 of this Volume.

PROCEEDINGS OF THE PRESBYTERIAN (FREE) CHURCH OF CANADA 1846.

From the "Abstract of the Members of the Synod of the Presbyterian (Free) Church of Canada," published in 1846, I make the following extracts relating to Education, Knox College, etcetera :

June 3rd 1846. The Synod at its meeting in Hamilton this year elected the Reverend John Bayne of Galt as its Moderator for 1846.

June 4th 1846. The Synod desire to acknowledge the hand of God in the progress of their infant Seminary, and specially to advert to the very efficient services rendered to the same during the session of last winter by one of the deputies from the Free Church, the Reverend Doctor Willis, to whom the best wishes of the Synod are due, and are hereby tendered.

June 5th 1846. The Report of the College Committee, for the past year,* was given in by the Reverend William Rintoul, Convener of the Committee, and read. On motion, made and seconded, the Report was received and sustained, and a conference was held on the suggestions and recommendations contained in said Report,

June 6th 1846. The Synod resumed the consideration of the Report of the College Committee, and after full conference, on all the suggestions and recommendations of the College Committee, agreed to record their unanimous and deep sense of the importance of the Theological Institution to the welfare of the Church, and the necessity of placing it on a more extensive and efficient basis, and appoint the following committee :-the Reverend William Rintoul, (Convener), the Reverend Robert Burns D. D., the Reverend John Clugston, the Reverend William Reid, the Reverend William Hamilton; and that Reverend Mr. McTavish, do consider several points which have been brought under the attention of the Synod, videlicet, the incorporation, and name, of the Theological Institution, the number of Professors to be employed, the erection of suitable Buildings for it, and the establishment of an Academy for the training of youth in the branches of education, preliminary to a collegiate course, and of a Boarding-house for the accommodation of students and scholars, and the best way of raising funds for the ordinary expenses of the Institution, as well as for the erection of Buildings, and, in reference to the views on these points expressed in the Synod, to draft a scheme of instructions for the guidance of the College Committee, in regard to them; and to report on Monday. The Synod appointed the following Committee, videlicet, the Reverend Professor Esson; the Reverend William Leishman; and the Reverend Robert Boyd; the Moderator; the Reverend George Smellie and the Reverend William Reid, to prepare Regulations, in regard to the admission of students and the course of study in the College, as now constituted.

June 8th 1846. The Synod heard the Reverend William Rintoul, Convener of the College Committee, in regard to the character and attainments of the young men recommended by the Presbyteries of Hamilton and Toronto, (Messieurs McPherson, Sutherland and Gray), as manifested in their examination before the College Committee, and their occupation as Catechists: when leave for the license asked for was granted.

June 10th, 1846. The report of the Committee on the suggestions, and recommendations contained in the College Report, was read and approved; when, on motion made and seconded, it was agreed that the College, shall be called Knox's College;"—aud, in conformity with the recommendations of the Report, that the College Committee, to be appointed, shall take the steps indicated in the Report for raising funds, obtaining a site in Toronto for College Buildings, establishing an Academy, or High School, and appointing a Master for the same; and the Moderator was instructed to correspond with the Colonial Committee of the Free Church of Scotland, for the immediate appointment of an additional Professor of Theology from the list of five Ministers of the Free Church of Scotland submitted by the Committee.

The Synod appointed the following members as the College Committee for the ensuing year:The Moderator the Reverend William Rintoul, Convener; the Reverend Doctor Burns, and the Reverend Messieurs Esson, Harris, Gale, Stark, Cheyne, Roger. Reid, Alexander, Hamilton, Gordon, Leishman, Clugston, Ministers; and Messieurs Westland, Paterson, Burns, Davidson, Redpath, Elders, and John McMurrich, Esquire, Treasurer :-seven to be a quorum for ordinary business, and nine a quorum for the Meeting, at which a Master for the Academical Institution shall be elected, while the Committee shall not proceed to make an election till thirty days shall have elapsed after a Resolution to elect such Master shall have been come to, or, until after the Chairman has summoned a Meeting for this purpose, through the Presbyterian Record, or otherwise.

*This Report will be found on page 236 of the Fifth Volume of this Documentary History.