LIST OF FIGURES--Continued Figure 171. Powerplant parking area and tailrace retaining wall--Plan 279 172. Dam right abutment roadway and parking area--Plan and 280 173. Organization chart for Flaming Gorge unit. 289 175. 174. Government employment. Contractor's employment at the end of each month, by years 290 293 176. Diversion tunnel chart showing typical drill hole pattern and 300 177. View of diversion tunnel prior to lining, looking upstream from 301 178. Steel workers positioning segment of steel diversion tunnel Steel full-circle diversion tunnel lining form in place. 304 305 181. Downstream end of steel form used for placement of concrete 306 182. Diversion tunnel intake structure with stoplog guides and seats Typical loading pattern for drilling and blasting in the spillway 315 317 187. 188. Sled and platform forming part of a mucking machine made up 189. 190. 191. View of the aggregate stockpiles at Henrys Fork borrow area 325 325 330 192. Typical surface of construction joints between successive 331 193. Photograph taken from skip on cableway showing sandblasting 331 194. First placement of concrete in Flaming Gorge Dam for the 1961 First bucket of concrete being placed in Flaming Gorge Dam for 333 197. 198. View of Flaming Gorge Dam and Powerplant looking upstream, 334 335 199. 200. View looking down at upstream end of the cantilever base for the 336 339 201. Dam foundation grouting at right abutment--Locations of grout LIST OF FIGURES--Continued Title Construction view of Flaming Gorge Powerplant looking down from View looking upstream toward dam showing powerplant after Operational tests for 150-ton crane 210. 211. Flaming Gorge Dam penstocks --Plan and elevation 374 375 212. View showing workmen erecting the spillway gates at intake of 381 213. Henrys Fork deposit (borrow area B)--Plan, sections, and logs 388 214. 215. 216. One of two tailtowers for cableway system at Flaming Gorge Dam. 392 392 393 217. View of unit 2 draft tube liner in place in powerplant before 401 218. 219. Workmen installing wicket gates in the unit 1 turbine 402 405 220. 221. 222. Workmen installing the 240, 000-pound rotor for unit 1 generator 406 407 419 223. View of control bay for the powerplant with control boards in 423 224. View of transformer deck at Flaming Gorge Dam 426 225. View towards the east, showing the approach to Flaming Gorge Dam 431 PART I--INTRODUCTION CHAPTER I. HISTORY AND DESCRIPTION 1. Colorado River Storage Project. The Colorado River Storage project provides for the comprehensive development of the Upper Colorado River Basin. The project furnishes the longtime regulatory storage needed to permit States in the upper basin to meet their flow obligation at Lee Ferry, as defined in the Colorado River Compact, and still utilize their apportioned water. Water stored by the project will provide a portion for direct use in the upper basin and, in addition, will control sediment, control flooding, facilitate recreational development, and aid in fish and wildlife conservation. A significant amount of electrical energy is created through project development to meet the needs of the upper basin and adjacent areas. The project includes four storage units as follows: Glen Canyon on the Colorado River in Arizona near the Utah border, Flaming Gorge (the subject of this publication) on the Green River in Utah near the Wyoming border, Navajo on the San Juan River in New Mexico near the Colorado border, and Curecanti on the Gunnison River in west-central Colorado. Authorized with and linked to the Colorado River Storage project, but not part of it, are a number of participating projects which will share in the power revenues of the larger project to help pay for irrigation construction costs. These participating projects are listed in subsection 2(c). Figure 1 is a location map of the Colorado River Storage project while figure 2 shows the completed Flaming Gorge Dam. (a) Plan. --The reservoirs formed by the four units of the Colorado River Storage project have a total capacity of nearly 34 million acre-feet. During periods of low streamflow, the stored water in the upper basin is released to meet the Lee Ferry obligation and, in exchange, upstream flow is diverted for use in the upper basin. Powerplants and other pertinent facilities are provided at each dam except Navajo, and a complex transmission system has also been provided. This transmission system will carry Colorado River Storage project power to key load points in the marketing area. The system is integrated with preference-user and private-company transmission lines to form the CRSP Interconnected Transmission system. CRSP hydropower is delivered to the preference-user organizations for distribution to their consumers as required by Federal Reclamation law. 2. Upper Drainage Basin Development. (a) Early History. --Settlement of the upper drainage basin began in 1854 when the early pioneers established Fort Supply in Wyoming on the Emigrant Trail and diverted water from Blacks Fork to the adjacent lands. Breckenridge, Colo., on the basin's eastern rim, was settled in 1859 by miners and prospectors pushing over the mountains from older mining districts on the eastern slope of the Continental Divide. Within the next decade, other mining camps were established nearby. Unsuccessful miners turned to farming and supplied agricultural products to the mining communities. Settlements grew downward from the mountains to the valleys, the advance being slowed somewhat by conflicts with the Indians who occupied the territory. Grand Junction, Colo., now the largest community in the upper drainage basin, was not settled until 1882. The greater part of the Uinta Basin in northeastern Utah was established as an Indian reservation in 1861, and lands unoccupied by Indians were not open to settlement until 1905. Most lands of agricultural importance in the San Juan River Basin in Colorado, New Mexico, and Arizona were once included in Indian reservations, and substantial areas are still under Indian control. Numerous tributary streams in the upper drainage basin have been diverted to irrigate meadows and mountain valleys and farmlands and broader valleys at the base of the mountains. (b) Investigations. --Investigations of means to develop the waters of the Upper Colorado River system were started by the Reclamation Service (predecessor of the Bureau of Reclamation) in 1902, the year of its organization. Since that year, many of the larger irrigation projects within the basin have been undertaken with Federal assistance, and the Bureau of Reclamation has constructed, or is now constructing, 25 projects to utilize water in the upper basin. The need for the Colorado River Storage project was envisioned at the time of the Colorado River Compact of 1922. In dividing Colorado River water between the Upper and Lower Colorado River Basins, the compact set aside for consumption in the upper basin 7-1/2 million acre-feet of water each year. However, this allocation is |