importance from the circumstance that the whole of the pieces described-twelve in all-were found in Roumania.1 The country near the Danube seems to have been the chief centre for the manufacture of such imitations. The industry persisted in Imperial times, with a curious break between the first century and the reign of Constantine. Last season Corbridge was content to rest upon the laurels it had already gained as the El Dorado of Roman Britain. But if no fresh hoards came to light, at all events the trouble as to the ultimate resting-place of those which previous summers had yielded was disposed of once for all. The whole of the coins are now in the British Museum, where they will (it is understood) be kept permanently apart as typical British finds. The second of the two, which consisted of one hundred and sixty first and second century aurei, was considerably larger and finer than its predecessor, and its discovery excited correspondingly greater public interest. A detailed endeavour to unravel the story of its concealment has been printed in the Journal of Roman Studies, while an alternative theory of loss or abandonment has been put forward in Archaeologia Aeliana. Both hoards have been excellently described by Craster. More recently his account of the earlier find—which comprised forty-eight aurei of Valentinian I., Valens, Gratian, Valentinian II., Theodosius I., and Magnus Maximus-has been supplemented by Grueber,5 who proposes to fix the date of burial in 384-5, as against 385-7 suggested by Craster. It would have been useful to have had some comparison with the similar hoards for Germany, as noted by Regling in his paper on the Dortmund find of 1907. 2 4 GEORGE MACDONALD. 1 Frankfurter Münzzeitung, 1913, No. 150. 2 Vol. ii., pp. 1 ff. Vol. viii., pp. 153 ff. 4 Num. Chron. 1912, pp. 265 ff., with eight plates. VII GREEK INSCRIPTIONS General. The year 1912-13 has seen the publication of two further instalments of the Inscriptiones Graecae,1 containing some of the Delian documents and all those of Laconia and Messenia. A fresh fascicule of the Inscriptiones Graecae ad res Romanas pertinentes has also appeared, comprising 253 texts of Phrygia, Chios, Samos, and other islands.2 A selection of seventy inscriptions chosen to illustrate Greek authors read at school has been published, with a brief commentary by A. Laudien,3 and a translation has appeared of O. Marucchi's excellent work on Christian epigraphy. W. M. Flinders Petrie has argued that the current derivation of the Greek alphabet from that of Phoenicia is untenable, that signs rather than pictures form the primitive script, and that a large number of these signs 'were interchanged by trade and spread from land to land, until the less known and less useful signs were ousted by those in more general acceptance.' 5 W. Bannier has collected a number of passages from early Greek inscriptions illustrating the repetition of clauses or words for the sake of clearness, and E. Nachmanson has discussed the 'motive'formulae of honorary inscriptions." Questions of syntax and grammar form the subjects of books or articles by the 6 1 See below. 2 Vol. iv. fasc. 4, Paris (Leroux); 2 fr. 50. 3 Griech. Inschriften als Illustrationen zu den Schulschriftstellern, Berlin (Weidmann). + Christian Epigraphy, Cambridge (Univ. Press); 7s. 6d. net. 5 The Formation of the Alphabet, London (Macmillan); 5s. 6 Rhein. Mus. 1912, 515 ff. 7 Eranos, 1911, 180 ff. 2 4 3 same scholar,1 E. Hermann, and F. Slotty. Two works on international arbitration, by A. Raeder and by M. N. Tod, rely upon evidence which is largely epigraphical, and the same is true of F. Heinevetter's discussion of divination by dice or letters in Greece and Asia Minor." Attention may also be drawn to articles by C. D. Buck on the interstate use of dialects, by J. Mälzer on Greek casualty-lists in the Hellenic period, by M. Lambertz on the spread of the surname (the supernomen or signum) in the Roman Empire, as illustrated by inscriptions and papyri,9 by L. Radermacher on the methods of dealing in metrical composition with a name which will not adapt itself to the metre, and on the synizesis of short 1,10 and by M. N. Tod on the Greek numeral systems used at Chalcedon, Nesus, and Thespiae.11 12 Attica. The new inscriptions from Attica comprise an honorary decree of the second century B.C.,12 eight epitaphs,13 two tabellae defixionum now in Toronto,11 a letter to Athens accompanying the gift of a gymnasium by the emperor Hadrian,15 a curious list of eonßot 'Apyeîoi,16 and a considerable number of boundary and mortgage stones.17 We may 1 Eranos, 1911, 220 ff.; 1912, 181 ff.; 1913, 91 ff., 100. 2 Griech. Forschungen. I. Die Nebensätze in den griech. Dialektinschriften, Leipzig (Teubner); 10 m. 3 Ein Beitrag zum Modussyntax der griech. Dialekte in Festschrift für A. Hillebrandt. 4 L'Arbitrage International chez les Hellènes, Christiania (Aschehoug). See also p. 117. 5 International Arbitration amongst the Greeks, Oxford (Clarendon Press); 8s. 6d. net. See also p. 117. 6 Würfel- u. Buchstabenorakel, Breslau (Koebner); 2 m. in J.H.S. 1912, 407. 7 Class. Phil. 1913, 133 ff. 8 Verluste u. Verlustslisten im griech. Altertum, Jena. Diss. 9 Glotta, 1913, 99 ff. 11 J.H.S. 1913, 27 ff. Reviewed 10 Wien. Sitzungsberichte, clxx. 9. 12 ̓Αρχ. Εφημ. 1912, 248 f. 13 Arch. Anz. 1912, 115 f., 238, 599; Ath. Mitt. 1912, 226 ff.; Πρακτικά, 1911, 104 ; 'Αρχ. Εφημ. 1912, 124. 14 Am. Journ. Phil. 1913, 74 ff. 16 'Αρχ. Εφημ. 1912, 124. 15 Ath. Mitt. 1912, 183 ff. Žurn. 17 Arch. Anz. 1912, 239; Jahreshefte, 1912, Beiblatt, 81 ff.; Minist. Nar. Pros. June 1912 (Berl. phil. Woch. 1913, 162 ff.). Cf. Jahreshefte, 1912, 30 ff. 2 3 also note the further discussion of the famous dedication of Xenocratea,1 and of a puzzling metrical epitaph from the Peiraeus, notes (chiefly prosopographical) on various inscriptions in I.G. ii. by A. Wilhelm, corrections of the texts of several opo, comments on a number of archaic inscriptions by W. Bannier,5 and restorations or discussions of other Attic documents." To these must be added a masterly reconstruction of the Parthenon buildingrecords, by W. B. Dinsmoor, and a useful selection of eighty-seven historical Attic inscriptions, ranging from the time of Solon to the close of the fourth century of our era, published with brief but serviceable notes by E. Nachmanson.8 Peloponnese. For the Peloponnese the chief event of the year has been the appearance of I.G. v. 1, containing all the inscriptions of Laconia and Messenia, some 1626 in number, edited with admirable care and success by W. Kolbe: amongst them are 159 which are published here for the first time. Apart from these the newly published texts number only twenty-three. Four of them are from ARGOS, LACONIA 10 claims an epitaph from Prasiae, and five archaic votives to Apollo Tyrites, while ARCADIA is represented by thirteen texts from Tegea,11 several of them in dialect, amongst which a fragment of a list of religious rules drawn up early in the third century, and a mutilated decree in honour of Aristomachus, the well-known tyrant 11 1 Journ. Intern. 1912, 161 ff., 191 f.; 'Apx. 'Eonu. 1912, 256. 2 Αρχ. Εφημ. 1912, 256 f., 264. 3 Wiener Studien, 1912, 411 ff.; 'Apx. 'Eønμ. 1912, 248 f. 4 Jahreshefte, 1912, Beiblatt, 81 ff. 5 Berl. phil. Woch. 1913, 317 ff. 6 Rhein. Mus. 1912, 479; Ath. Mitt. 1912, 190 ff.; Wiener Studien, 1912, 332 ff.; 'Apx. 'Epnu. 1912, 125; Jahreshefte, 1912, 30 ff.; Xénia (Athens, 1912), 85 ff. 7 Am. Journ. Arch. 1913, 53 ff. See also p. 42. 8 Historische attische Inschriften, Bonn (Marcus und Weber); 2 m. 20. 9 Jahreshefte, 1911, Beiblatt, 139 ff. 10 Πρακτικά, 1911, 264 f. 279 ; 'Αρχ. Εφημ. 1912, 40 ff., had previously been published in B.S.A. x. 182. 11 B.C.H. 1912, 353 ff. Cf. 'Apx. 'Epnu. 1912, 125, Wiener Studien, 1912, 342 ff. of Argos (234-225 B.C.), deserve special mention. The chronology of an important text from Pharæ in MESSENIA has been fully examined by A. Wilhelm.1 1 Northern Greece.-A. Wilhelm has discussed an epigram from the sanctuary of Amphiaraus at Oropus,2 and H. Dessau has tried to show that the epigrams of Honestus from the Vale of the Muses on Mount Helicon in BOEOTIA refer not to Julia Domna but to Julia, Augustus's daughter.3 G. Colin has completed the publication of the inscriptions of the Athenian Treasury at DELPHI. The final instalment contains 102 texts, bringing the total number to 286; most of them are records of honours granted by Delphi or of manumissions, but special interest attaches to the hymns composed by Aristonous of Corinth, early in the third century B.C., in honour of Apollo (No. 191) and Hestia (192), and to an Amphictyonic decree rewarding those who had given information leading to the conviction of an Athenian who had embezzled eight talents of Delphian money (205). E. Bourguet deals with the inscription on the Corinthian Treasury, and A. Frickenhaus with that on the base of the bronze charioteer," while A. Brassac submits to a careful examination the famous rescript referring to Gallio as proconsul of Achaea.7 H. Pomtow's articles under the title Delphica III. also contain many valuable contributions to Delphian epigraphy. An epitaph from Elatea in PHOCIS is of little value, but one of the most interesting, inscriptions of the year is the record, found near Tolophon in LOCRIS, of a compact between the descendants of Ajax and the city Naryca on the one hand and the Locrians on the other, whereby the former agree upon certain conditions to supply the maidens who were sent to Troy in expiation of the 2 Wiener Studien, 1912, 342 f. 8 1 Αρχ. Εφημ. 1912, 252 f. 3 Hermes, 1912, 466 ff. Fouilles de Delphes, iii. fasc. 2 (fin), Paris (Fontemoing); 10 fr. 5 B.C.H. 1912, 642 ff. 7 Rev. bibl. 1913, 36 ff. 6 Jahrbuch, 1913, 52 ff. 8 Berl. phil. Woch. 1912, 923 ff., etc. Cf. Rev. phil. 1912, 212. * Πρακτικά, 1911, 331. |