complete it, and a report thereof was submitted to Congress, estimating the total cost, including $65,000 for a sprinkling plant, at approximately $700,000, and recommending that it be placed under the continuing contract feature in a manner similar to certain har

bors. Of this amount an appropriation was made of $125,000 for use during the season of 1913 and $85,000 for 1914.

Under these appropriations grading and draining have proceeded steadily, resulting in a new road from the Klamath entrance to the rim of the lake, a distance of 13 miles, as also one from the southeast, or Pinnacles entrance, to the rim of the lake at Kerr Notch, a distance of 6 miles. Before the season closes the Rim Road will be

completed from Crater Lake Lodge to a junction with the Pinnacles Road and from Kerr Notch to a point a little beyond Sentinel Rock, or a total completed by grading and cross drainage this season of

10 miles, which, added to the work of 1913, gives about 25 miles of newly graded roads within the park, including about half a mile on the Medford Road, built this season, by means of which a bad

switchback, commonly known as the Corkscrew, has been entirely eliminated.

. I understand it is the intention of the War Department to commence surfacing as soon as climatic conditions will permit in the spring of 1915. This plan is questionable, for the reason that if this is done it will be impossible for many years to get anything better, whereas if surfacing is left for the present it will permit of an effort being made to secure from Congress money with which to construct paved roads.

The time has forever passed when macadam roads will satisfy the desires of a progressive community, and they are rapidly being changed for something very much better. Then why construct something that will be unsatisfactory from the very beginning? According to estimates of the War Department it will cost $20,000 per annum merely to sprinkle such roads. It is the part of wisdom to build roads of such a character as that this heavy burden will not have to be borne. I hope to make the Crater Lake National Park self-sustaining in a few years, but if this great burden is to be added that happy condition will be delayed indefinitely.

TRANSPORTATION.

A line of automobile stages is maintained by the Crater Lake Co. from Medford, on the main line of the Southern Pacific, and from Chiloquin, on the northerly extension of the Southern Pacific from Klamath Falls, that has rendered eminently satisfactory service. For the first time in the history of the park it has been possible to buy a ticket from Portland to California points, or vice versa, and go via Crater Lake, at an additional expense of $13 for automobile fare between Medford and Chiloquin. Doubtless this arrangement will hold good in 1915. Private automobiles and vehicles will find good roads leading to the park during the season from both the Klamath region and from the Rogue River Valley. Next year visitors from the northerly points of eastern Oregon will find it much nearer by way of the Pinnacles entrance.

HOTELS.

There are two permanent camps in the park where meals are served indoors, but in both of which it has heretofore been necessary to sleep in tents. One is located near park headquarters, 5 miles from the lake, and the other directly on the rim. At the latter point a handsome stone building is under construction and, to a limited degree, will be used during the season of 1915. Tents will also be provided for those desiring them.

Free camping privileges are open to the public, subject only to rules and regulations of the Interior Department.

FISH AND GAME.

There are no fish in any of the waters of the park, except the lake itself and Anna Creek below the falls. Crater Lake is abundantly supplied with a fine quality of rainbow trout and at least one other variety, the name of which I am unable to determine. No fishing is

permitted except with hook and line, and a limit of five in one day is maintained. The fish are large and the flesh is firm. A few have been taken 28 inches long, weighing 6 or 7 pounds.

During the past season the Crater Lake Co. placed 2,000 rainbow fry in the lake, in addition to which I placed 20,000 steelheads therein. In my opinion there should be no more planting of fish until the matter of food has been fully and satisfactorily settled. It must be borne in mind that there are no enemies to the fish already in the lake, and that they have increased enormously in numbers, until the lake is fairly teeming with them, and during all these years nothing whatever has been done to increase the food.

The park abounds in black and brown bear, black-tailed deer, cougar, lynx, timber wolves, coyotes, pine marten, fisher, several varieties of squirrels, ringtail grouse, the common pheasant, Clark crow, and numerous varieties of birds common to the country at large.

FOREST FIRES.

Without exception the past season was the longest dry spell in the history of Oregon, so that extraordinary precautions had to be taken against forest fires, which were kept under control throughout the summer. As the season progressed they became more frequent, until over 20 were extinguished without any material damage resulting.

BRIDGES.

Before the building of new roads was commenced by the War Department there were 16 bridges to care for, but with the construction of new roads they have been abandoned until there are now only five, all of which have been kept in good repair throughout the season. Plank removed from them have been taken to headquarters and used for the construction of new sidewalks.

BUILDINGS AND FENCES.

Considerable damage was done to buildings and fences during the winter by heavy snowfall and by intruders, who broke into and injured the former, as well as stole supplies left therein for the use of men to be sent in to ascertain winter conditions. However, full repairs have been made and everything is now in excellent condition. As was outlined in my report for 1913, the Klamath Road was constructed through a portion of the yard at headquarters, but advantage was taken of the opportunity to get good loose earth, and the yard was filled, then a surfacing of rich manure from the barn was placed over it at a nominal cost.

SANITARY CONDITIONS.

Under an agreement entered into with the War Department engineers last winter, a water tank was constructed near headquarters at an elevation sufficient to provide a gravity system, but nothing was done on it until late in September, so that it was impossible to complete it thereafter. However, I expect to get the plumbing and other necessary work completed in time for use early next season.

If possible to get funds, I will also establish a sewerage system, so that the best of sanitary conditions will prevail at park headquarters. Steps will also be taken to establish permanent camps, with regulations and facilities for disposing of garbage, tin cans, etc., together with an adequate patrol.

ELECTRIC LIGHT AND POWER.

An electric light and power plant is badly needed, for which abundant water power is available close to headquarters. Not only is the light needed, but power also for light machinery. In this connection it is well to observe that it is unwise and unnecessarily expensive to send out of the park for work that can be produced there. Many things now impossible of production within the park can be easily provided with a little power for light machinery.

When a plant of this character is established advantage should be taken of the power provided by the falls of Anna Creek, which should be used to their full capacity as far as park headquarters. Subsequently the expense of carrying it to the rim of the lake will be comparatively light, when a fair revenue will result by supplying light and power to concessionaires.

GAME PROTECTION.

But two temporary rangers are allowed during the season, one of whom is constantly employed in issuing licenses and registering visitors, so that one man must patrol the entire park. Then is it strange that there is always a report current that deer are slaughtered by poachers, who only need keep track of the ranger to carry on their nefarious practices? However, hunting in the park is not general by any means and is only carried on by an irresponsible class of semicriminals. Because of the protection afforded deer in the park become very tame during the summer and when driven to the lower levels by the first heavy snow, fall an easy prey to the despised

deer skinners.

If the department will allow five additional rangers, three of them will be needed for issuing automobile licenses and registering visitors at park entrances, one will be detailed for clerical work at headquarters, and three will be used to patrol the park. Of the latter one should be stationed at the Medford entrance to patrol north of the Medford Road and west of the lake, one at the Pinnacles entrance to patrol the eastern side of the park, and one at headquarters to patrol the southern portion, together with that portion of the rim in the vicinity of Crater Lake Lodge. By this arrangement fairly good patrol of the park can be maintained and deer hunters held in check. Besides this the danger of forest fires would be materially reduced and the work of park administration greatly improved.

PATENTED LANDS.

There are approximately 1,200 acres of private land within the park, all of which is held for speculation. It is covered with excellent timber, and it is only a question of time when some speculator