Qualitative Procedures for Identifying Particles in Drinking WaterSo that engineers can respond to consumer complaints about particulate matter in drinking water, this manual provides a series of decision trees for selecting an analysis process, and describes wet chemical methods for making qualitative identifications of aluminum, copper, iron, lead, manganese, and zinc contaminants along with advanced methods for confirming results. Preparation of reagents required for each wet chemical method and procedural instructions are listed on the left-hand page, while color images are reproduced on the right. Case studies of particle samples collected from utilities and a literature review are provided, but no index. Spiral binding. Annotation : 2004 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com). |
Contents
INTRODUCTION | 1 |
METHOD SELECTION DECISION TREE FRAMEWORKS | 11 |
WETCHEMICAL METHOD PROCEDURES | 43 |
ADVANCED IDENTIFICATION METHODS | 81 |
CASE STUDIES OF PARTICLE SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM WATER UTILITIES | 97 |
RESOURCES FOR PARTICULATE MATTER ANALYSIS | 113 |
REVIEW OF AVAILABLE LITERATURE ON PARTICULATE MATTER | 115 |
131 | |
ABBREVIATIONS | 137 |
Common terms and phrases
activated carbon Add a drop aluminum ammonium hydroxide and/or deionized water ASTM bacteria biofilm black particles bright-field brown particles burner or alcohol calcium chemical microscopy Compound microscopy Concentrated Nitric Acid consumer complaints copper Decision Tree Decision Tree Framework deposits distilled and/or deionized distribution system drinking water epifluorescent light Example FTIR spectrograph filter media gas burner glass petri dish Hach hydrochloric acid Hydrochloric Acid Solution indicates the presence Inductively coupled plasma infrared spectroscopy Initial Identification invertebrates manganese membrane filter Method selection Decision micrograph microscope slide mL of distilled mortar and pestle nitric acid oxides particle types particulate matter particulate matter identification particulate matter samples pipe polycarbonate potassium potassium thiocyanate powder pillow presented in Figure Rahman and Burlingame reagent reported rust particles sample vial sand Scanning electron microscopy selection Decision Tree SEM-EDX Simple identification guide sodium Stereomicroscopy test solution thiocyanate types of particulate Walker water utilities wet-chemical methods zinc