VISCOUNT'S CORONET is a circle of gold, having sixteen pearls on the rim. Coronets were first assigned to viscounts in the reign of King James I. Pl. xliii., n. 9.

BARON'S CORONET, on a gold circle, six pearls, Pl. XLIII., n. 10. Coronets were assigned to barons by King Charles II., after his restoration.

The pearls on the English coronets are commonly called pearls, but they are always made of silver.

Originally the barons wore scarlet caps turned up with white: they afterwards wore caps of crimson turned up with ermine, and on the top a tassel of gold. This they used till the reign of Charles II., as before mentioned. All the above coronets have within them, when worn, a cap of crimson velvet with a gold tassel on the top, and a border of ermine, which is seen below the circlet; but the caps are now occasionally omitted in representation, which gives to the coronet a more mediæval character.

In 1665, Charles II. granted his royal warrants to the officers of arms in Scotland and Ireland, for the peers of each of those kingdoms to wear the same fashioned coronets as those of England, according to their several degrees.

The mitres of archbishops and bishops are distinguished by a plain fillet of gold. See Pl. XLIII., n. 12. Excepting that of the Palatine Bishop of Durham, which has it issuing out of a ducal coronet.

CROWNS FOREIGN, &c. PLATE XLV.-continued.

These crowns are copied from the seals of the dif

ferent countries.

CROWNS, Vallery, Mural, &c. See those terms.

CRUSULY is the field or charge, strewed over with

crosses.

CRWTH, an ancient term for a violin.

CUBIT ARM is the hand and arm couped at the elbow. See Pl. XL., n. 17.

CUIRASS, or breast-plate of armour. See Pl. n. 1.

XXVIII.,

CUISSES are those parts of armour which cover the thighs and knees, and by former heralds were called Culliers.

CULLVERS, or Culliers. See CUISSES.

CUMBENT. See LODGED.

CURRIER'S SHAVE. A tool used by curriers to thin leather; it is borne in the arms and crest of the Curriers' Company. Pl. xxv., n. 18.

CUSHIONS. This charge is borne by many ancient

families. Pl. XXVIII., n. 15. Gules, three cushions ermine, buttoned and tasselled or; name, Redman.

CUTTING-IRON. A tool used by the patten-makers, and borne by them in their armorial ensign. Pl. xxxiv., n. 30.

CUTTLE-FISH, or Ink-fish. Pl. xxxiii., n. 22.

CYGNET ROYAL. This term is given to swans when they are collared about the neck with an open crown, and a chain affixed thereto. See Pl. XXXI., n. 15. The most proper blazon is, a swan argent, ducally gorged and chained or. When the head of a swan is a charge, it is blazoned, a swan's neck (not head) erased or couped : but this is not the custom in regard to any other species of bird.

DACRE'S KNOT and BADGE. See Pl. XXXII., n. 35. DANCETTE is a larger sort of indenting (being wider and deeper than that called indented), whose points never exceed three in number. Pl. III. Note. See the difference in Pl. xix., n. 12. Or, a fess dancetté sable. N. 11, is azure two bars indented or, a chief argent. DANISH AXE or HATCHET. See Pl. xxxii., n. 11, and Pl. xxix., n. 6.

DARNEL, a term for a cockle.

DAUPHIN'S CROWN is a circle of gold, set round with eight fleurs-de-lis, closed at the top with four dolphins, whose tails conjoin under a fleur-de-lis.

n. 18.

Pl. XLV.,

DEBRUISED is when a bend or other ordinary is placed over any animal, whereby it is debarred of its natural freedom. See Pl. xxxii., n. 17.

DECOLLATED, having the head cut off.

DECRESCENT shows the state of the moon when she declines from her full to her last quarter, and differs

from the increscent by having the horns towards the left side of the shield. Pl. vII., n. 8. Azure a decrescent proper; name, De la Luna.

DEFAMED signifies a creature to have lost its tail, as if it were disgraced and made infamous by the loss thereof. Pl. xxxii., n. 14.

DEGRADED. A cross is said to be degraded when it has steps at each end. Pl. xxxvI., n. 3. Argent, a cross degraded sable; name, Wyntworth.

DEMI signifies the half of a thing, as a demi-lion. See Pl. vIII., n. 18. Or, a demi-lion rampant gules; name, Mallory.

DEMI-VOL is one wing. Pl. ix., n. 23.

DEMI FLEUR-DE-LIS. Pl. x., n. 8. A demi-fleurde-lis gules is the crest of Stoddyr.

Pl. xxv., n. 24.

See another,

DEMI-ROSE. See Pl. xxxII., n. 29. Or, on a fess vert, between three battle-axes gules, a fleur-de-lis or, enclosed by two demi-roses argent; name, Jenynges.

DENMARK, CROWN of, Pl. xLv., n. 10.

DETRIMENT, a term for the moon when eclipsed.
DEVOURING. See VORANT.

DEXTER signifies the right-hand side of the escutcheon; the supporter, and everything placed on the right hand, is termed the dexter; it is also the male side in an impaled coat of arms.

DEXTER HAND, the right hand. Pl. xxxv., n. 32. Azure, a dexter hand couped, argent; name, Brome.

DEXTER BASE is the right side of the base, represented by the letter G. See Pl. I.

DEXTER CHIEF is the angle on the right-hand side of the chief represented by the letter A. See Pl. I. DEXTER WING. The right wing.

DIAMOND is a precious stone, which in heraldry signifies the colour sable or black.

DIAPERED is dividing the field in panes like fretwork, and filling the same with a variety of figures, according to the fancy of the painter. Pl. XXXVIII., n. 14. Care must be taken that no ornament is used which can possibly be confounded with an heraldic bearing.

DIFFAMÉ. See DEFAMED.

DIFFERENCE is certain figures added to coats of arms, to distinguish one branch of a family from another, and how distant younger branches are from the elder. See DISTINCTION OF HOUSES.

DIMINUTIVES. The pale's diminutives are the PALLET and ENDORSE; the bend has the GARTER, COST, and RIBBON; the bar has the CLOSET, Barrulet, and BARGEMEL ; the chevron has the CHEVRONEL and COUPLECLOSE; the bend sinister has the SCARPE and BATON; the bordure has the ORLE and TRESSURE; the quarter has the CANTON; the flanch has the FLASQUE and VOIDER. See each in its respective place.

DISMEMBERED signifies a cross, or other thing, cut in pieces, and set up at a small distance, but keeping the form of the figure. See Pl. XXXVI., n. 9. See a lion dismembered, Pl. xxxv., n. 14. Or, a lion rampant gules, dismembered, within a double tressure, flory, counter-flory of the second; name, Maitland.

DISPLAYED, for the wings of a bird when they are expanded, as in the example, an eagle displayed. Pl. Ix., n. 21.

DISTILLATORY, double-armed with two worms and bolt-receivers on fire, being part of the arms of the Distillers' Company. Pl. xxv., n. 14.