In the south pavilion of the building of the donors to appear in connection will be installed the viticultural exhibit. with such specimens as they might send. An idea of how complete this part of the The result is that thousands of plantsexhibit will be, can be gained from the excellent specimens, too-have been forfact that applications for space have warded. Among them are more than already been received from 33 foreign 50,000 rare rose plants, which have countries. From abroad the exhibits of been donated by firms all the way from France, Germany, Spain and Italy will California to Hungary. be especially notable. California will

The floricultural exhibit will not be make a splendid display, all the great

concentrated in one place. In the front firms being exhibitors, and having ap curtains of the building will appear the plied for much more space than can

greenhouse and hothouse plants—a very possibly be allowed them.

large variety, and many rare and beauIn the rear curtains of the building tiful specimens. There, too, will be the will be shown the fruit exhibit, which finest display of orchids ever seen in this will include all varieties grown in any country, if not in the world. One firm part of the world. As far as it is pos alone will spend $40,000 on its orchid sible to do so, probably in a great ma exhibit. At the opening of the Fair, jority of cases, fine specimens of the Chief Samuels says, there will be a disnatural fruit will be shown. Otherwise | play of 2,000 different varieties of wax models, so perfect in appearance orchids, embracing 15,000 specimens. as to be indistinguishable from the real

Beneath the great dome will be the fruit, will be substituted. For this ex.

largest tropical plants obtainable, inhibit about 44,000 square feet, or more

cluding Japanese and Chinese bamboos than an entire acre of space, is reserved.

75 to 80 feet high, palms 30 to 40 feet A very complete and splendid exhibit

high, and tree ferns 15 feet or more in of citrons and other fruits will be sent

height. There will also be a miniature from California, Florida, Mexico and

mountain covered with tropical plants, South American countries. By means

and in a cave within will be tried the of refrigerators, ripe fruit can be sent experiments of growing plants by elec. long distances without injury, and after

tric light, and of growing them by the reaching the Fair, cold-storage facilities

aid of electric currents, passed through will be available to keep it in perfect the soil, both of which, it is claimed, condition.

have been accomplished with remarkable The exhibit in the important line of results. floricuture will be exceptionally exten The two courts of the Horticultural sive, and the preparation of it is far building will be filled with orange groves advanced. Unless this were the case, from California and Florida, respectively. the exhibit could not well be a success, In each there will be not less than 160 for time is required for the plants to

trees, each bearing about 200 bright, overcome the check received in being

ripe oranges. Thus an interesting comtransplanted. More than 500,000

parison may be made between the transplanted shrubs and plants, of many

oranges of the two States as to size and species, are now growing in the Exposi

flavor, etc. The courts will also contain tion grounds, and the number is rapidly

growing specimens of lemons, limes, increasing.

bananas, etc. California would like to The Department sent out circulars to make a much larger display than will be prominent horticulturists and horticul possible, and applied for about fifty tural societies in all parts of the world, times as much space as could be asrequesting donations of plants, and signed. It will occupy an acre on Midagreeing to permit the name and address way Plaisance with a citrus exhibit. On

the Plaisance, too, five acres will be de- condition, and where plants will be cared voted to nursery exhibit, and Wisconsin for after their beauty season has passed. will show there a cranberry marsh. Six It may be rightly inferred that the acres in front of the Horticultural build Horticultural exhibit at the Exposition ing will be devoted to the floricultural will be the most complete and extensive exhibit, as will also space about many of ever made or attempted. It is certain the larger buildings.

to attract a great deal of attention, and The “wooded island,” or as more prove to be of great scientific and educaproperly named, perhaps, the flowery

tional interest. It will have inportant island, will be one of the most beautiful features not specified above, as, for exand attractive spots at the Exposition. ample, a very complete collection of It embraces between 15 and 16 acres,

insects, both the injurious and the beneand has been turned over almost en

ficial ones, whose operations affect the tirely to the Horticultural Department fruits and other products of the hortifor its exhibits. There, literally speak

culturist. It is the intention to have in ing, will be acres and acres of flowers of

one place an exhibit of all of the species brightest and most varied hues and

of plants mentioned in the Bible, and in pleasing perfume. Little groves of others collections of almost equal histrees, clumps of shrubbery, and sinuous

torical interest. walks will relieve the gorgeous monotony

Both Chief Samuels, who has general of this floral display.

charge of the Horticultural Department,

and Chief Thorp, who looks after the On the north end of the island, Japan

floricultural division of the exhibit, have will build its strange, antique temple,

proved themselves to be the right men and surround it with the choicest plants

for their respective duties, and it is and flowers of the island realm of the

already assured that the display which, Mikado. At various turns of the wind

with the active generous aid of horticuling walks which thread this delightful

turists the world over, they will furnish, domain of the flowers, the visitor will

will be long and pleasantly remembered encounter artistic little structures of

by every one who visits the World's Fair. the summerhouse description, within which one may seat himself and enjoy rest and beauty and perfume. Many of

1 Red Raspberry for Honey. these retreats-16 or 18 in number

-Red raspberries pay well both in nectar will have thatched roofs, and be covered

for the bees and in fruit. The drooping with growing vines, and otherwise orna

blossoms protect the honey from moistmented in keeping with their beautiful ure, and the bees can work upon them surroundings.

when the weather is so wet that they In the north pavilion of the Horticul

can obtain nothing from the upright tural building will be a very extensive

blossoms of the clover. They furnish a display of vegetables, canned goods,

succession of flowers during more than horticultural appliances, etc.

three weeks, and yield a supply almost

In the second story of each pavilion will be a

as lasting as the white clover. In favorrestaurant capable of seating about

able seasons the plants supply the table 200, and profusely adorned with ferns,

with delicious berries which are more flowers, and exotic plants. Outside will

easily gathered than strawberries durbe a number of greenhouses, where vis

ing as long a time as the plants are in itors may see an exceptionally complete

bloom. Where is the farm that cannot collection of tropical vegetation. There

afford a few rods of ground on which to will also be large auxiliary greenhouses,

raise this luxury ?—Exchange. not open to the general public, where plants will be brought to perfect exhibit I Don't Fail to read all of page 821.

Queries and Replies.

Bees and Grafting-Wax on Trees.

Pink-White Glory of Clover. something that would disgust the little

varmints.”—JAMES HEDDON. A pink-white glory of clover,

I would suggest wrapping a cloth over Linking with summer's light;

the waxed part of the graft.-J. P. H. A patch-work gay, all nectar,

BROWN.
Makes hills and valleys bright.

Covering the wax with a piece of
A pink-white glory of clover,

cotton-cloth would prevent it, I think.Comes in the rose-set June;

R. L. TAYLOR.
When the sky above is bluest,
The world with joy a-tune.

Press on with the hands some strong

paper, to cover the wax; the paper will A pink-white glory of clover,

stick to the wax.-E. FRANCE.
Out-lasting summer flowers ;
The roses, blooming and fading,

Nothing that I know of. They prob-
To autumn's chill, dark hours.

ably find a scarcity of propolis, and take

it as a substitute.-J. E. POND.
A pink-white glory of clover,
Going only with the leaves ;

Why not cover the grafting-wax with
With the fall of the maples' crimson,

strips of cloth, or other material, to The binding of the sheaves.

keep off the bees ?-G. L. TINKER. -FLORENCE CARR.

I really do not know. I have never heard of a similar case. Was it not because the bees had nothing else to do? - EUGENE SECOR.

Wrap thin muslin around the stock where the wax is. If your grafting-wax is of the proper proportions, I do not think it will get soft enough for the bees

to handle.- MRS. L. HARRISON. QUERY 824.–What can be done to

What can be done to keep the rabbits prevent bees from taking grafting-wax from gnawing young trees? Why, prooff from trees where grafting has been tect them. So protect the wax by tying done? My bees took off the wax and

rags or something else around it. You

know a woman would say “rags,” every destroyed several cions last Spring.- 1

time.—MRS. JENNIE ATCHLEY. Michigan.

I don't know. I do some grafting Tie cloth over it.-C. C. MILLER. every year or so, and I have never been Wrap rags around it.-M. MAHIN.

troubled by bees. But if my bees were

to carry away the wax from grafted Cover it with cloth.-H. D. CUTTING. stocks, I would bandage them with tissue Wind rags around the wax.--JAMES A.

paper or thin rags, to exclude the bees GREEN.

from the wax.-G. W. DEMAREE. Tie cloth over the wax.-G. M. Doo Protect the grafted trees by wrapping LITTLE.

cloth or stout paper over the graftingWrap them with rags.-J. M. Ham wax.-EDITORS. BAUGH.

Tie a cloth over the wax. --MRS. J. N. HEATER.

A Year's Numbers of the Try rubbing a little cerasin on the

AMERCIAN BEE JOURNAL contain over grafting-wax.-C. H. DIBBERN.

1,650 pages-what a wonderful amount Wind the wax with cloth. I think

of bee-literature for only $1.00! Could that would protect it.-A. J. COOK.

you afford to do without it at that price Make the grafting-wax harder ; or else

-2 cents per week ? Send us the names put muzzles on the bees.-A. B. Mason.

and addresses of your bee-keeping Look up a recipe for making grafting.

friends, who do not receive the BEE wax that requires less beeswax.-P. H.

JOURNAL, and we will mail them samELWOOD.

ple copies. We want every bee-keeper I give it up. Tell me. May be the in the land to see it, and know of its wax could be scented and flavored with value as an “assistant” in the apiary.

Topics of Interest.

"Standard for Italian Bees."

on a window), which some of their imported Italian queens produce, are just as much Italian, and just as good honeygatherers as are those imported queens which are a nice yellow color, and produce bees of the same consistency.

Others, like Messrs. Timpe, Hearn, G. M. DOOLITTLE.

Trego, etc., claim that the standard

should be bees whose abdomens, not Under the above heading, on page only of the queens, but of the workers, 255, Mr. Thos. Johnson seems to think are nearly or quite an entire yellow; for that I made“ a weak statement”in say these bees, it is claimed, have all the ing at the Albany Convention that I good qualities which go toward making “ was satisfied that the Italian bee was Apis Americana, with the quality of a hybrid ;" and as proof to show why he color thrown in. thinks that statement weak, he cites to I see Mr. Robbins is trying to make us thoroughbred Hereford and Short the standard for Illinois “three yellow horn cattle.

bands," claiming that bees showing I may have erred in saying “hybrid” these are the best and most prolific of instead of thoroughbred, yet I am not en any in the known world. Will Mr. tirely sure of this. If hybrid means only Johnson swing his State of Iowa into the first cross between fixed races, when line ? and if so, which line will he swing applied to bees, then I was wrong; but | it into—that of the Roots', the Timpe's, if it means the mixing and inter-mixing or the Robbins'? of races, until we have a conglomeration It looks to me very much as if this of different varieties, which have been was a “hybrid question” through and bred in one direction so long that they through, when we come to decide on a sport but little, or what is termed by standard for color, and I agree that some "thoroughbred,” then I was right. COLOR can and must be the only standMost of those who write on apiculture,

| ard which can be fixed upon. In the use the term “hybrid” in the latter

Good Book we find (Genesis 30, 27-43) sense, if I “read between the lines”.

how one became rich out of a diversity aright, and this was the sense in which

of color in the flocks and herds which I used the term “hybrid,” which Mr.

he cared for, and we find this color bearJohnson takes exception to. I was not

ing, almost as important to-day as it was fighting the term “thoroughbred,” but

then; but instead of our desiring to inI was standing against the few who

crease those which are “ring-straked, claim that the Italian bee is a fixed race,

speckled and spotted,” we are desirous or as the term goes, “a pure bee.”

of producing something having a uniWith all the testimony which we have

formity of color, for by this means some

may reach a prominence above that of had that there are black bees in Italy,

their more careless and slipshod neighand with all the sporting and incon

bors. stancy of color which we have seen while

Chickens are bred' “ to the feather," breeding these bees in this country, it

yet none of these fancy fowls can claim seems strange to me that there are some

that they were the original race. No, who will persist in calling these bees

no. All they can claim is that through "pure," or belonging to a “ fixed race.”

a long series of breeding they are what Capt. Balstein told us years ago that

they are. And this is what I clam for "no Chinese walls of snow-clad Alps” had kept the different races of bees from

the Italian bee, and I cannot, for the

life of me, see why this should make it intermingling in the sunny clime of

any the less valuable, any more than Italy; and nearly all who have since

the breeding “ to the feather” of poultry visited that country, have given us a

should make them less valuable. similar report.

All know that this breeding of poulMr. Johnson is right, where he says, try makes the poultry more valuable, "The way to establish uniformity in

and yet we have those among our numItalians would be in their color,” for we ber who would claim that all the painshave no other criterion to go by.

taking of our most enterprising breeders But what shall that uniformity of | of the Italian bee should count for color be? The Roots, of Ohio, claim naught, yea, worse than naught, for say that the dark, leather-colored bees (so they, this can only be arrived at through nearly black that it is hard work to dis- a series of in-and-in breeding, and this tinguish them from our native bees, only begets weakness, unprolificness and as they are filled with honey and placed | laziness.

I have often wondered why such as younger trees. If they will bear so this should be thrown in the progressive quickly as the second growth, together queen-breeder's face, while the same with our thousands of acres of wild raspmen will sound abroad the praises of our berries and white clover on waste lands, progressive cattle, sheep, swine, and with plenty of aspen, willow, elm, maple, poultry breeders. Do not these men dandelion and fruit blossom to build up know that it would be much easier for a on, and lots of golden-rod, asters, and queen-breeder to send out queens whose | other wild flowers, it will make a honey progeny would run from the dark Ital: locality hard to beat in the East. ians of the Roots, to the five-banded bees of some of our most progressive

ITALIAN BEES. breeders? And that such bees as these . May there not be something in the would need no guarantee of any kind, 1 theory of Mr. J. M. Pratt, on page 638, and could be easily reared even by the

that the brood-combs of black bees pronovice?

duce inferior Italian bees? Perhaps Why not go back to the herds and

this letter may draw out some one else. flocks of our forefathers, and claim that

Our bees are doing well at present, the old razor-backed hog from the woods was hardier and better than our round,

when it does not rain, which is most of

the time. fat, sleek Berkshires and Suffolks ? This would be just as consistent as is DANDELION AS A HONEY-PLANT. much of the talk about the black bees,

I wonder if dandelions do as well and those imported direct from Italy, being superior to those from our best

everywhere as they do here. They have breeders; for, say these talkers, “as

been in bloom now since April 25, and

the bees almost desert the fruit-bloom beauty increases, superior quality de

for them during the four or five hours creases.” From the foregoing I think Mr. John

they last each day. son will see that when he comes to try I am keeping a record of what my bees to establish a uniformity of color, and work on each day, and would like to keep a registry of queens bred to a cer compare notes with some one who is tain standard, he will have as big an doing the same, at the end of the season. “ elephant on his hands ” as have those Port Allegany, Pa., June 1, 1892. who have been trying to establish a uniform standard for sections. Borodino, N. Y.

The Paddock Pure Food Bill.

J. A. NASH.

Basswood Trees, Italians and Dandelions.

J. C. LILLIBRIDGE.

I wish to thank the BEE JOURNAL and the friends for their kind answers to my questions about basswood trees. I have since found out that they do blossom when quite young, right here at home, when in a cultivated field, at least.

Mr. Judkins, on page 615, would seem to intimate that we have very little basswood, but I think if at the time he was here he had followed some of the small streams up from one to five miles from the river, he would have found among the timber in the valleys quite a sprinkling of basswood trees. But it is fast disappearing now, as well as our hemlock. Much of it has been used for lumber, and three “heading” factories have been started in this vicinity to use up that not good for lumber. Now there is talk of starting a wood-pulp factory, to use up the balance.

That was why I was interested in

We are specialists in the production of extracted honey, and have watched with interest, not entirely unmixed with disgust, the action of many newspapers

in their oppostion of the Bill bearing the | above title.

We find that some of the very worst opposition to this measure comes from the papers that contain the most patent medicine advertisements. The patent medicine men have taken alarm, lest the section relating to adulteration of drugs should make them trouble. This is singular, as a careful reading of the Bill fails to disclose anything at all injurious to these people, who are badly alarmed before they are hurt.

They seem to fear that it will compel them to disclose their formulas ; this, however, is far from the intention of the bill, as it expressly provides (see Sec. 6), “That nothing in this Act shall be construed as requiring or compelling proprietors or manufacturers of proprietary medicines to disclose their formulas.”