to Indochina and of these, 3 were placed in operation. In addition, under sponsorship of the International Cooperation Administration, a surplus seagoing hopper dredge, complete with spare parts and patterns, was sold to the Government of Thailand. Under projects sponsored by the International Cooperation Administration, selected engineers from the Governments of India, Pakistan, and the Philippines were received and provided training by the Corps of Engineers in flood control, harbor, and power engineering for periods ranging from 10 weeks to 6 months with the view of aiding those countries in developing their own water resources. In addition, the Corps of Engineers received foreign Government representatives and engineers from various nations and afforded them the opportunity to visit construction projects to study modern construction methods and continued, also, to make available upon request, engineering information to foreign Governments and engineers on a diversity of subjects in the field of water resource development. 10. PUBLICATIONS OF THE CORPS OF ENGINEERS The following publications pertaining to Civil Works activities were issued during the fiscal year 1955: A. Available at the Government Printing Office, Washington 25, D. C. at indicated price. 1. Port Series: No. 6-Port of Albany, N. Y., revised 1954__ 2. Transportation Series: $0.65 No. 3-Transportation Lines on the Great Lakes, 1955. .60 1.50 No. 5-Transportation Lines on Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific 2.50 3. Hopper Dredge, Its History, Development and Operation, Frederick 4. 00 B. Available at place of publication at indicated price. 1. Great Lakes Pilot, 1955. U. S. Lake Survey, Detroit 26, Mich. 2. 25 3. Waterborne Commerce, calendar year 1953: Gratis Part 1-Waterways and Harbors: Atlantic Coast. New England 1. 25 1. 00 .60 Part 4-Waterways and Harbors: Pacific Coast, Alaska, and .50 3. Waterborne Commerce, calendar year 1953-Continued Part 5-National Summaries: U. S. Lake Survey, Detroit 26, 4. Water Resources Development by Corps of Engineers. (In the 48 State: $0.35 Gratis Alabama Arizona Publication Agency (Division) South Atlantic. South Pacific. Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut_ Delaware. District of Columbia.. Florida.. Idaho. Illinois. Indiana_ Iowa... Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine.. Maryland Massachusetts. Michigan... Minnesota.. Mississippi... Missouri. Montana.. Nebraska.. Nevada. New Hampshire___ New Jersey New Mexico_. New York. North Carolina Ohio.... South Dakota_ Tennessee.. Texas Utah... Vermont Virginia Washington.. Lower Mississippi. New England. Do. South Atlantic. Do. North Pacific. North Central. Ohio River. North Central. Southwestern. Ohio River. Lower Mississippi Valley. North Atlantic. New England. North Central. Do. Lower Mississippi Valley. Missouri River. Do. Do. South Pacific. New England. Southwestern. North Atlantic. North Atlantic. North Pacific. State Continued West Virginia.. Division addresses: Publication Agency (Division) Ohio River. North Central Missouri River. Lower Mississippi Valley Division, P. O. Box 80, Vicksburg, Miss. New England Division, 150 Causeway St., Boston 14, Mass. North Pacific Division, 210 Custom House, Portland 9, Oreg. Ohio River Division, P. O. Box 1159, U. S. Post Office and Custom House, Cincinnati 1, Ohio. South Atlantic Division, P. O. Box 1889, Old P. O. Bldg., Atlanta 1, Ga. South Pacific Division, P. O. Box 3339, Rincon Annex, San Francisco 19, Calif. Southwestern Division, 1114 Commerce St., Dallas 2, Tex. CHAPTER VII ECONOMY MEASURES 1. ORGANIZATION, METHODS AND PROCEDURES Effective steps were taken during the year to produce increased efficiency and economy in the supervision and administration of the Civil Works program as well as in operational performance through improved organizations and procedures and by changes in working methods. Sound business management efforts have been intensified to provide an offsetting factor against higher price levels and increasingly complex water resource problems. Significant economies have been realized. Organization. In September 1954 the Upper Mississippi Valley Division office was abolished due to decreased workload, and its functions were merged with those of the Lower Mississippi Valley Division and the Great Lakes Division (renamed North Central Division). An estimated annual saving of $130,000 is being obtained from this action. In May 1955 the Duluth and Milwaukee district offices were reduced to the status of area offices of the St. Paul and Chicago districts, respectively, with resulting estimated savings of $270,000 annually. At the end of the year a reorganization of area offices in the Galveston district was put into effect. By consolidating and reducing functions the number of area offices was reduced from 6 to 4, the Houston and Port Lavaca offices having been closed and the Port Arthur office continued with a smaller staff. Annual savings of $100,000 are estimated from these moves. During the year the number of offices handling civilian payrolls was reduced by consolidating these activities in a single district for each division. For maximum economy this organizational change was accompanied by the staggering of pay periods and the replacement of manual accounting methods with mechanized accounting. Of the substantial reduction in personnel requirements achieved through these changes, an estimated saving of $220,000 per annum is applicable to Civil Works. A further reduction in costs of about $140,000 annually was accomplished during fiscal year 1955 by the streamlining of activities conducted by the supervisor of New York Harbor, resulting in lower personnel and plant requirements. Total benefits of $860,000 annually are expected from the foregoing major improvements in organization. Procedures Improvement. Following extensive studies of all pro cedures involved in property accounting and administration, there was put into effect during the year a streamlined revision of the entire operation providing economy-producing simplification and elimination of duplication while retaining adequate controls and protection. Among the major concepts embodied in the change were: (a) Elimination of perpetual item accounting after issue for items having an original cost each of less than $25.00 and (b) elimination of duplication in the accounting for an item on more than one accounting record. Benefits resulting from reduced personnel effort and travel expenses are estimated at $370,000 per annum. A major cost reduction in fiscal year 1955 resulted from an intensive records disposal drive throughout the Corps of Engineers. Over 180,000 linear feet of records were retired or destroyed and some 8,000 items of filing equipment were released as surplus. Of the benefits realized from reductions in space, maintenance costs, and personnel, it is estimated that about $475,000 were applicable to Civil Works activities. Improved procedures in the collection and publication of statistical data on the water-borne commerce of the United States effected during the year will provide savings of about $100,000 annually. This economy measure accomplished by consolidating collection responsibilities in four regional offices instead of in individual district offices, by streamlining reports and by using improved printing methods is the more significant considering that it represents a reduction of about 12 percent in the total costs of these operations. Dredging Efficiency. During the year, unwatering and degassing systems were installed on two additional hopper dredges. The improved effectiveness and efficiency attained resulted in annual savings estimated at $70,000. Existing hopper dredges were converted to radically different type plants which were put into service for dredging and rehandling soft material in the Delaware River. Based on the first 6 months' operation, the superiority of the new rehandling system has been unquestionably demonstrated by the permanent retention of greatly increased yardages disposed of ashore. The improved condition of the sections of the navigation channel in which the converted equipment has been assigned furnishes conclusive evidence of the benefits that have accrued. The estimated annual savings are upwards of $1,000,000. 2. CIVIL WORKS INVESTIGATION PROGRAM During the last 8 years, the Corps of Engineers has conducted a program of investigations aimed at improving design and construction procedures for and decreasing the costs of civil works projects. A large portion of this program has been administered and accomplished by the Waterways Experiment Station, the Corps' principal labora |