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lower appropriation of a decade ago. This indication is offset in part by a continuing improvement in construction methods and procedures

3. Expenditures (costs). During fiscal year 1955, expenditures (costs) amounted to $502,979,000, of which $393,011,000 was for construction, general, and $109,968,000 for all other activities except those funded by contributions, advances, and collections from local sources and transfers from other agencies. Chart VII shows comparative expenditure (cost) data since 1950. Expenditures under each appropriation are listed in table 26.

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Table 26. Accrued Expenditures, Fiscal Year 1955

The total actually expended under the direction of the Chief of Engineers in connection with the maintenance and improvement of rivers and harbors, flood control, and other miscellaneous works during the fiscal year ended 30 June 1955 is as follows:

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U. S. Section, St. Lawrence River Joint Board of Engineers, Corps | (1).
Engineers, Civil, 1954–55.

Hydraulic Mining in California, Debris Fund.

19 June 1934.

Payments to States, Flood Control Act, 28 June 1938 as amended.. 28 June 1938.

Total miscellaneous appropriations.......

CONTRIBUTED AND ADVANCED FUNDS:

River and Harbor, contributed Fund..

River and Harbor, Advanced Fund..

Total Contributed and Advanced Funds..

500, 771, 613. 73

914, 125. 05 2,207, 272.77 121,590. 45

54, 105. 52

1,053, 144. 41

4,350, 238.20

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Total Engineer Department and Contributed Funds..
WORKING FUNDS (transfers from other departments):
Working Fund, Army Engineers, Civil, no year (various projects).
Consolidated Working Fund, Army Engineers, Civil, 1953.
Consolidated Working Fund, Army Engineers, Civil, 1954.
Consolidated Working Fund, Army Engineers, Civil, 1955.
Consolidated Working Fund, Army Engineers, Civil (trust fund)
Consolidated Working Fund, Army Engineers, Civil (special
fund), 1954-55.

Soldiers Home, Permanent Fund (allocated working fund to Corps
of Engineers, Civil).

Capital Outlay, U. S. Soldiers Home (allocated working fund to
Corps of Engineers, Civil).

Military Assistance, Near East and Africa, Executive (allocated
working funds to Corps of Engineers, Civil), 1950–54.
Repair of Reserve Fleet Facilities, Department of Commerce,
Maritime Administration, 1955-56 (allocated working fund to
Corps of Engineers, Civil).

Operating Expenses, Coast Guard (allocated working fund to
Corps of Engineers, Civil).

Salaries and Expenses, Maritime Activities (allocated working
funds to Corps of Engineers, Civil), 1955.

Total working funds................

Grand total-accrued expenditures by Engineer Department..

(1) Annual or supplemental.

(1) Trust funds.

513, 802, 021.05

792, 335.82 -27.77 210, 687.65

171, 713. 36

4, 625. 67 53, 194. 34

258,715. 26

670, 093. 30

-573, 481.00

11,085. 50

391, 400.00

2,245. 20

1,992, 587. 33

515, 794, 608. 38

CHAPTER VI

OTHER CIVIL WORKS ACTIVITIES

1. SAINT LAWRENCE SEAWAY

By letter dated 17 September 1954, addressed to the Secretary of the Army, the Saint Lawrence Seaway Development Corporation designated the Corps of Engineers as its agent for design and construction of the Seaway project. The corporation was created on 13 May 1954 under authority of Public Law 358, 83d Congress, 2d Session.

The project involves construction of navigation facilities in United States waters in the reach of the Saint Lawrence River which constitutes the boundary between the United States and Canada, and coordination thereof with the power facilities to be constructed concurrently by others.

With funds made available by the corporation to the Corps of Engineers preparation of plans and specifications have been initiated and contracts have been awarded for the excavation of the Long Sault Canal and the Robinson Bay Lock and Grass River Lock

structures.

2. ST. LAWRENCE RIVER JOINT BOARD OF ENGINEERS

This Board, having United States and Canadian sections, was created pursuant to the order of approval issued by the International Joint Commission on 29 October 1952. The United States section was established by Executive order issued 4 November 1953. Members of the United States section are the Secretary of the Army and the Chairman of the Federal Power Commission, with the Deputy Chief of Engineers for Construction and the Chief of the Commission's Bureau of Power as alternates.

The duties of the Board are to review and approve the plans, specifications, and work schedules for the power development in the International Rapids section, St. Lawrence River, of the Power Authority of the State of New York and the Hydroelectric Power Commission of Ontario, the joint builders, filed for clearance in behalf of both Federal Governments, and to inspect construction operations to insure conformance of board approvals. A small engineering staff to support the United States group has been established in Massena, N. Y., with Washington liaison. Supervision of construction pursuant to the Federal Power Commission license issued 15 July 1953 to the

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power authority has also been assigned to the United States section, thus integrating these two Federal supervisory activities.

Costs of the United States section through 30 June 1955 totaled about $121,000. An additional $150,000 has been appropriated to finance the activities of the United States section during fiscal year 1956. All costs of the United States section are subject to reimbursement by the Power Authority of the State of New York as provided in the appropriation acts.

3. FLOOD FIGHTING AND OTHER EMERGENCY OPERATIONS

The Corps of Engineers during the year participated in and supplemented the efforts of local interests in flood-fighting operations in various areas and at many localities throughout the country. These flood-emergency activities, involving advance preparation for flood emergencies, flood rescue work, flood-fighting, and the repair and restoration of flood-control works damaged or destroyed by flood, are carried on under the Corps' statutory authority set forth in Public Law 99, 84th Congress and prior legislation. In addition, disaster assistance and engineering services were made available through the Federal Civil Defense Administration, in accordance with the procedures established pursuant to Public Law 875, 81st Congress. The most noteworthy emergency operations during the fiscal year are described in the following paragraphs.

Flash Flood of 19 July 1954, West Virginia. Heavy storm rainfall caused disastrous flash flooding, affecting portions of six counties with heavy damage at Richwood, in Nicholas County, and lesser damage at Fenwich and Burnsville. Technical assistance was made available by the Corps to local interests, and between 23 and 25 July two timber trestle bridges for vehicular traffic were built in the emergency by the Corps' bridge-testing unit as replacements for washed-out bridges. Nicholas County was declared a disaster area by the President on 4 August 1954.

Flood of 6-8 October 1954, Vicinity of Roswell, N. Mex. Major flood damage occurred along the main stem of the Pecos River between Boswell and Lake McMillan, and along the principal tributaries entering this reach. Severe damages were suffered by the cities of Roswell and Artesia. Flood-fighting assistance was furnished local interests by the Corps, including emergency repair work in the vicinity of Roswell during the flood. The flooded areas were made eligible for disaster assistance by Presidential declaration of 13 October 1954.

Flood of October 1954, Illinois and Indiana. Intense precipitation in the Chicago metropolitan area of Illinois and nearby Indiana caused widespread flood damage. The President declared the affected area of Indiana a disaster area on 26 October 1954. Emer

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