and of $476,473 in the expenditures for them. Only two Kindergarten schools appear, with 109 children. The State Normal University and five other normal schools taught 1,141 normal pupils and graduated 105. Allowing 30 pupils each to 116 public high schools reported, there must have been in them 3,480 youths, who, with 2,632 in business colleges, 2,785 in private academies, and 3,183 under secondary training elsewhere, make 12,080 academic students. Six institutions for superior instruction of young women report 348 collegiate students, with 200 unclassified; 24 colleges and universities, 1,696 collegiates; two schools of science, 413; while 486 students were engaged in theological studies in thirteen seminaries; 183 in legal ones in four law schools; 576 in medical ones in six schools of medicine; and 1,619 in ten special schools.

Wisconsin, quietly and steadily advancing, has increased her school population by 8,668; her school enrolment by 2,967; the number of her teachers by 119; the number of her school-houses by 147; her receipts for schools by $503,154, and the expenditures upon them by $170,290. Five Kindergarten schools have been established in the State and report an attendance of 290 children. Of the four State normal schools, three report 606 normal pupils. The attendance in public high schools is not given; but in other secondary schools of various kinds 4,783 academic students were reported, including 1,313 in business colleges. Three colleges for women report 228 pupils in collegiate studies; the university and nine other colleges, 749. In the scientific department of the university were 15 students; in two theological schools, 295; in one law school, 25; in seven special schools, 1,061.

Minnesota, with only 356 more children of school age in 1875 than in 1874, still succeeded in enrolling 1,278 more in her schools, added 194 more names to her list of teachers, raised for her school work $606,998 beyond 1874, and expended on that work $2,905 more. One Kindergarten reports 10 to 20 children; the three State normal schools, 688 students in normal departments and 70 graduates during the year. Different secondary schools make return of 1,542 academic students in 14 institutions. In two colleges for women were 149 students, 69 of them collegiate; in the University of the State and two colleges, 183 collegiate. The agricultural department of the university reports 7 students; three schools of theology, 77, and three special schools, 245.

MISSOURI RIVER STATES.

In Missouri, chief of this tier of States, the energetic superintendent is able to report an enrolment in the schools increased 23,340 from 1873 to 1875, out of a school population increased 32,614, with a school income augmented $895,933 in the same time. The average attendance in the schools appears to have diminished 17,788, notwithstanding the increased enrolment, the number of teachers also becoming 25 less, and the valuation of school property $3,343 less. The Kindergärten in St. Louis, increased to 11, report 150 pupils; the city normal school, 254; one of the State normal schools, 72 in its normal department; two others, 572 unclassified; the Lincoln Institute, for training colored teachers, an average attendance of 150 since its commencement. In two city high schools, 16 academic schools, four business colleges and the preparatory classes of nineteen other colleges, we find 4,652 secondary students. Eight institutions for superior instruction of young women report an attendance of 507, of whom 362 were in collegiate studies, the students in collegiate classes of seventeen other colleges numbering, as far as reported, 897. The kindred classes of the agricultural department of the University of Missouri, and of two other scientific schools, had in them 115; while in three schools of theology were 292; in two of law, 86; in nine of medicine, 429; in two State special schools and five orphan schools, 1,016.

Kansas, suffering greatly from a locust plague which has seriously discouraged immigration, has only advanced by 976 the number of children of school age; but has increased by 7,008 her school enrolment, by 8,194 the average attendance in State schools, by 340 the number of her teachers, and by $110,308 the estimated value of school property; showing, however, the effect of lessened prosperity by a decrease of $824,605 in receipts for school purposes, and of $303,897 in the expenditures for these.

One of her normal schools reports for 1875 a total of 250 normal pupils, with 12 graduates; two others report 473 enrolled atendants, not saying whether all are normal students or not. In her public high schools, still few and far between, 513 attendants are returned, with 196 in two business colleges, 93 in two academic schools, and 279 in preparatory schools of colleges; in all 1,081. One woman's college had 96 enrolled, while only three of eight much crippled colleges and universitics report the collegiate attendance, amounting in the three to 139. The popularity of agricultural instruction, on the other hand, is shown by an enrolment of 237 students in the agricultural department of the university. The State schools for the blind and for the deaf and dumb report 140 pupils on their lists.

Iowa, not feeling as much as Kansas the effect of the locust flight, and having the advantage of a double river front, reports for 1875 a school population greater by 27,558 than in 1874; an enrolment in public schools 18,887 fuller; a force of teachers larger by 1,152; an income for school purposes $208,210 more complete, and an expenditure for schools $175,970 beyond that of the preceding year. The average attendance on the schools shows a decrease of 1,736; but the worth of her school property (according to the figures of her valued State superintendent, Abernethy, whom she is to lose) advanced $345,021. She still depends on normal classes in six colleges for training teachers for her schools, in the continued lack of a State normal school. In different secondary institutions, including eight business colleges, 8,246 youth pursued academic studies. In fifteen out of eighteen colleges, including the State university, 796 collegiate students were reported, and in similar classes of the agricultural department of the university, 306. Three schools of theology made return of 37 students; three law schools of 136; three medical of 278; seven special schools of 991.

Nebraska, a greater sufferer in some parts during 1875 than either Iowa or Kansas, still increased by 7,131 her school population, by 7,705 the enrolment in her schools, by 256 the number of her teachers, by $314,313 the value of her school property, and by $45,388 the expenditure upon her schools, though the income available for another year diminished by $542,120. Her State normal school is reported to have had an attendance of only 81 normal pupils; but in it and the State university preparatory classes were 300 secondary students; in other secondary institutions, including a business college, 295. The university and two colleges had but 46 collegiate students; the State agricultural college, 18; one school of theology, 2 attendants; two special schools, 51.

STATES ON THE PACIFIC SLOPE.*

California, the natural chief of these States, exhibits increase at all points, in school affairs, if not as much as might be hoped for from her great advantages, there being from 1874 to 1875 an advance in school population of 12,136; in school enrolment, of 13,060; in average attendance of 7,237; in the number of teachers, of 222; in the income for schools, of $1,337,755; in expenditure upon them, of $623,491; in the value of school property, of $623,538. Her State normal school had, for the year 1874-'75, an average enrolment of 237, and graduated 45. Her public schools of higher grade taught 3,253 pupils; twenty-three other secondary schools, including four business colleges and seven preparatory departments of true colleges, taught 2,702, making 5,955. Two colleges for women had 296 students, about half of them collegiate; the university and seven colleges, 775 in collegiate classes; the agricultural and mechanical department of the university, 154. Two schools of theology taught 15 students; three of medicine, 79; seventeen special schools, 2,950.

Nevada, making biennial reports, sends none for 1874-75, and the few materials gathered from sources within reach amount to little as indications of her educational condition, except the fact that her State university has its foundations laid at Elko, and that 31 students are in training in a preparatory school for college studies.

In Oregon the statistics furnished indicate progress in everything but the income for *Mrs. S. B. Cooper has rendered special aid in collecting information in regard to California, and Rev. G. H. Atkinson, D. D., in regard to Oregon and Washington Territory.

school purposes, this dropping from $204,760 to $86,673, a decrease of $118,087. The school population increased 3,763; the school enrolment, 838; the number of teachers, 93; the value of school property, $17,236. In ten secondary schools reporting were 1,143 pupils; in one institution for superior instruction of young women, 144; in the collegiate classes of four colleges, 166; in the agricultural college of the State, 150, besides 75 preparatory students; in a medical school, 23; in three special schools, 75.

THE TERRITORIES.

The following tabulated statement with respect to these exhibits at a glance their relative condition as to public schools, school population, and attendance:

* School rooms, exclusive of those used for recitation only.

For the statistics of private schools I am indebted to Mr. T. C. Grey.

This is the return respecting enrolment in public schools. In a table prepared under the auspices of the Indian Bureau, 4,400 Indian and half-breed children are said to be in schools maintained by the Cherokees, Chickasaws, Choctaws, Creeks, and Seminoles in the Indian Territory; 4,734 in schools maintained by the United States Government, and 412 in schools maintained by various religious denominations.

CITY SCHOOLS.

One hundred and seventy-seven cities have reported the above items in regard to their educational management with considerable fulness. I do not think any similar number of cities in any other country can report their educational condition so accurately, so much in detail. They present a study in city school management of rare value. In this summary are seen some of our triumphs and some of our greatest deficiencies in education. It shows with alarming emphasis how much remains to be done in some of our greatest centres of population before all the children of school age are brought under the elevating influence of instruction.