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There is another line on the stone relative to singing requiems to his soul; but antiquarians are not agreed in the explanation of it.

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Notwithstanding the very ingenious elucidation' by Mr. David Mahony, writing master, by the interchange of A and S, C and T, S and the Arabic numeral 8, etc., this epitaph does not contain one syllable with respect to singing requiems.' By the bye, when were Arabic numerals first carved on Monuments? This is a question worthy of solution. As to the taph itself, the only rhyming lines in it are the first

and the last.

HIC IAC' I TUMULI FUDO ABLAT A MUDO,
GALFRID ART VICARI Q°ND' ISTI9 ECCLIE.
XVI LUCE MAYE REQ VIT I PACE PPTUA,
ANO ICAR' DNI MCCCXIX.

IN CUI AIE S CAVE Q DICAS PR E AVE.

Or in words in full length:

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KENT AND SURREY ARCHEOLOGY.

The Surrey Archaeological Society, established in 1854, has so far progressed that it now numbers 470 names of persons of the highest distinguished and respectable character, seventy of whom are Life Members. Periodical Meetings are held in various parts of the epi-County, and the papers then read are printed and gratuitously distributed to the Members. These associations excite considerable interest, and induce the desired exhibitions of local antiquities, which facilities are gratifying to the possessors, and highly advantageous to archæological enquiries. Excavations have also been made by direction of the Society with the most beneficial results.

Hic jacet in tumuli fundo ablatus a mundo, Galfridus Arter, vicarius quondam istius ecclesie. XVI. luce Maye requievit in pace perpetua, Anno incarnationis Domini MCCCXIX. In cujus anime Salutem cave quod dicas Pater et Ave. As to the Latinity: in tumuli fundo' is rather uncommon even in ancient epitaphs; not quite so strange, however, as

Hac sunt in fossa Bedæ Venerabilis ossa. Istius' for 'hujus' occurs very frequently in such compositions. In the last line, cave quod dicas' should have been cave ut dicas,' be careful to say, as in Cicero, Off. I. 39. See Sanctii Minerva, Iv., 15, 29. When Mr. David Mahony, writing master, had been occupied in deciphering the last line, the seventh verse of the ninety-eighth Psalm was doubtless running in his head: In tubis ductilibus,' etc.

Ferrar, at p. 447, inserts, but incorrectly, another curious epitaph. It is extant in the ruins of the church of St. Peter and St. Paul, at Kilmallock, and is very legible. During the Cork Exhibition, I visited Kilmallock and its neighbourhood, this epitaph being a particular object. The following is a correct copy.

While each of the neighbouring Counties of Sussex, Surrey, Middlesex, and Essex have their Archæological Society, Kent has none-Kent, teeming with antiquarian remains of the Roman, Saxon, Norman, and every other era of the past, so that there are relics to be found in almost every subdivision of the County; and while the harvest is represented to be abundantly prolific, labourers, by some unaccountable neglect, appear to be few and far between; thus, were there no other inducement, it might be most hopefully advanced that Kent greatly needs a representative-the County Histories are replete with errors and inconclusive statements; even Hasted is insufficient and meagre in that archæological effulgence which is widely spreading its light amid the antiquarian enquiries of our time. The Chapter libraries of Canterbury and Rochester, and many of the private collections in the County, contain much valuable information hitherto unexplored; while the ancient laws of Romney Marsh, the History of Gavelkind, the peculiar immunities and customs of the Cinque Ports, and many other points of equally great importance, proffer most desirable evidence and illustrations of early history, local customs and manners, and civil political economy. The ecclesiastical antiquities, with the baronial and other mansions in Kent, unsurpassed in number and variety in any of the other English Counties, are in themselves a source of inexhaustible

interest and research. Enough having been thus stated that Kent possesses ample materials for the co-operations of a Society, it has been proposed to constitute in conjunction with that existing for Surrey, an extension of Kentish members competent to undertake such labours, and that such amalgamation should be immediately effected, thus avoiding the delay, trouble, uncertainty, and cost attendant on the formation of new Societies, and securing of all other incidents the most important, the advantage of greatly diminished charges of working

expenses.

The Council of the Surrey Society have energetically proffered every facility to an enlargement of their body, by a junction with the Nobility, Clergy, and Gentlemen of Kent, the Rules being modified and the title altered to -The Surrey and Kent Archæological Society.

Many distinguished persons have already expressed

their concurrence; lists of these names, with the Rules, may be obtained on application to Mr. George Bish Webb, Honorary Secretary, 6, Southampton Street, Strand, London, W. C.

BLINCKARNE GRANT OF ARMS.

To All and Singuler, unto whom these presents shall come, Sir Edward Walker, Knight, Garter Principall King of Armes of Englishmen, sendeth greeting. It hath been an ancient practice in all well governed kingdomes and commonwealths to distinguish the Conditions and Degrees of men by markes and signes of Honour called Armes, such being the outward demonstrations of the inward worth of the bearers either atcheived by their valour in the times of Warr, or by whereas THOMAS BLINCKARNE of Chiselhurst, in the their virtuous endeavours in the times of Peace, and County of Kent, sonne of GEORGE BLINCKARNE of Holbech, in the County of Lincolne; and grandchild of GEORGE BLINCKARNE, servant to the late Queene of the late unhappy divisions actively imploy himself in Elizabeth of blessed memory, did from the beginning asserting the juste cause of his late Majesty, King who had soe great a confidence in his Loyalty and Charles the First, of ever blessed and glorious memory, fidelity, as that with his own hand Hee put him in the Commission of Array for the Cittyes of London don, and ordered to be delivered to him; upon the discovery of which, hee was condemned to dye, by a Councell of Warre, at the same time with Mr. Tomkins and Mr. Challoner, and with great difficulty escaped, Soe that for his exemplar loyalty and sufferings hee justly deserves to have such Armes assigned him as may bee properly borne for the honours of himself and his posterity. Know yee therefore that the said Sir Edward Walker, Knight, Garter Principall King of Armes, by the power and authority annexed unto my office by the Statutes of the most noble Order of the Garter, and confirmed unto me by letters patents under the great seale of England, Doe by these presents give, grant and assigne unto the said THOMAS BLINCKARNE and the heires and descendants of his body for ever, the Coate of Armes and Crest hereafter mentioned, viz, Gules, on a Cross ingrayled voided Or, a Crown Imperiall; and for his Crest upon an Helmett proper, mantled Gules, doubled Argent, and wreath of his colours, a Demy-Lion Or, holding a Crosse ingrayled Gules, as in the margent more lively is depicted. The which Armes and Creast the said THOMAS BLINCKARNE and the heires and descendants of his body lawfully begotten for ever (bearing their due and proper differences) may and shall lawfully at all times and upon all occasions use, beare, and sett forth in shield, the law and practice of Armes) without the lett, intercoat armour, pennon, seale or otherwise (according to ruption, dispute or contradiction of any person whomsoever. In Witnesse whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name and affixed the seale of my Office this third day of March, in the sixteenth yeare of the reigne of our Soveraigne Lord Charles the Second by the grace of FELLOWSHIP. Can a widower be elected to a Fellow-God, King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, ship at the Universities? defender of the Faith, Annoq. Dni. 1663. Edw. WALKER, Garter.

FONTS IN CHURCHES.-Whence their origin, and and Westminster, which was sent from Oxford to Lonwhen were they introduced into Churches? Winchelsea, September 6.

M. R. Bishop Sparrow observes, What the Font is everybody knows, but not why it is so called. The rites of Baptism in the first times were performed in fountains and rivers, both because their converts were many, and because those ages were unprovided of other baptisteries: we have no other remainder of this rite but the name. Hence it is that we call our baptisteries fonts; which when religion found peace, were built and consecrated for the more reverence and respect of the sacrament. These were set, at first, some distance from the church; after, in the church porch, and that significantly, because Baptism is the entrance into the Church mystical, as the porch to the Temple. Later, they got into the church, but not into every but THE MOTHER CHURCH, because it gave spiritual birth by Baptism; afterward, they were brought into rural churches, but wheresoever they stood, they were held in high venera

tion.

WRECK OF THE ROYAL GEORGE.

N. J. will find the lines quoted by Mr. Bellew, in the London Magazine, for March, 1820, p. 296, under the title of The Contrast; written under Windsor Terrace, Feb. 19, 1820;' and signed H.

Oxford, September 12.

MAGDALENSIS.

N. J. who requests to know whence is derived the couplet quoted in Current Notes, p. 68, is referred to the Poetry at the end of the Annual Register, 1820, p. 1389, where he will find the poem; it is entitled 'The Contrast,' and bears the signature H. Scarlets, Maidenhead.

C. R. LITTLEdale.

S. O.

ENGLISHMEN CURSED WITH TAILS.

St. Augustine, on landing in England to convert or pervert the Britons to popery, met with anything but a friendly reception, and so those of the Romish church, when speaking disrespectfully of the English, asserted, that in consequence of the treatment that saintly minion of the Pope encountered, the natives of this country were miraculously subjected to the punishment of wearing tails, and that the tail became an heir-loom. Another story relates that Sir Robert de Broc, one of the murderers of Thomas a'Becket, cut off the tail of the archbishop's horse, for which he was excommunicated; and the assassins and their abettors were cursed with Tails. These indignities were the common reviling of the enemies of the English on the continent, and who on most occasions affected to make disreputable allusions to our want of national courage.

The sixth crusade against the infidel Saracens was undertaken by St. Louis, in 1250, and after the capture of Damietta, Louis resolved to march on the capital of Egypt. The crusaders were delayed for some time at the Achnoun canal, until a ford was discovered, when the passage was immediately effected by the impetuous Count d'Artois, at the head of fourteen hundred knights, including the Templars and Hospitallers, with William Longespé, Sir Robert de Vere, Sir Alexander Giffard,

and their followers,

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The Count d'Artois advised an immediate attack on Mansoura; the master of the Templars and Longespé, with a better discernment of the danger, remonstrated, more particularly as the main body had not arrived. Matthew Paris narrates a very animated account of this council of war, with the contemptuous and arrogant conduct of Artois. He observes-Taking the word out of Longespé's mouth, thundering and indecently swearing after the French fashion, he repeated those insolent reflections on the English, to which on a former occasion he had given utterance. Oh! the cowardice of the timid tail-wearers! How happy would this army be if it was purged of tails and tail-wearers!' Longespé, on hearing this, replied Count Robert, be assured, I will proceed undismayed to whatever perils of death may offer themselves: we shall be to-day where you will not dare to touch the tail of my horse! It was then resolved to advance against the enemy, and Matthew Paris details the fatal consequences of this ill-advised movement, which led to the most direful consequences -no less than the death of Longespé and his vilifier Artois, the capture of Louis, and the ruin of this crusade.

Query, is it from a sense of this ignoble appendage that Englishmen, though still charged by Frenchmen with a deficiency of courage in the Crimea, and elsewhere, and as military men not to be compared to themselves, that our countrymen scorn to turn tail? Canterbury, September 8.

A QUERIST.

EDINBURGH IN THE LAST CENTURY. A folio volume of fugitive pieces in the library of the

Faculty of Advocates, contains a very remarkable paper which affords direct evidence, were any required, to substantiate the accusations made a century before by Sir Anthony Weldon, as to the filthy condition of the Scottish capital; they were in fact but too well founded. Edinburgh for nearly a century after continued to be as distinguished for its want of cleanliness, as it had been in the time of king James the Sapient and Sext; and it seems to have escaped recognition by the Historians of Edinburgh that after the Restoration, two criminal prosecutions were instituted against the Magistrates for not cleansing the streets of the metropolis. No proceedings followed as the suit appears to have been deserted. No doubt liberal promises of reformation had been made by the Civic rulers which the filthy habits of the inhabitants would render somewhat difficult to accomplish.

The paper is entitled-Overture for Cleansing the Streets, by Sir Alexander Brand. It states

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Seeing the nobility and gentry of Scotland are, when they are abroad, esteemed by all nations to be the finest and most accomplished people in Europe, yet it is to be regretted that it is always casted up to them by strangers, who admire them for their singular qualifications, that they especially the metropolitan. For remeid of which, it is humbly proposed to his Grace, his Majesty's High Commissioner, and the right honourable the Estates of Parliament, that if the magistrates will give a tack of the whole muck of Edinburgh for a certain number of years, as they did some time ago, at 500 lib. sterling a-year, the proposer will find sufficient cantion [security] that he will cause the whole streets, closes, courts, and turnpykes within Edinburgh to be paddeled and swept clean every morning, so that no nastiness nor glar shall be seen anywhere within the city, but shall be carried by carts without the city, upon the and a-half every morning before break of day, summer and undertaker's proper expenses, and that within an hour winter, except Sunday; and such a course shall be taken that the street upon Sunday shall be as clean then as on any other day in the week. And to convince your Grace and the honourable Estates of Parliament, that the person that makes this overture is more concerned for removing the reproach that has for ever been upon the nation, than for any private design of gain to himself, he is willing to pay 400 lib. sterling a-year during the years of his tack to the poor of Edinburgh.

are born in a nation that has the nastiest cities in the world,

That Sir Alexander Brand was successful in his application does not appear. Smollett has embodied no overcharged description in his inimitable Humphrey Clinker; and Major Topham in his very amusing Letters, printed in 1776, is equally explicit.

Nor was the metropolis the solitary instance, the provincial towns were equally defiled by filth, and the seats of the gentry not particularly remarkable for sweetness of odour. Captain Burt upon whose information, in his Letters printed in 1754, Sir Walter Scott has drawn so largely in his immortal novel of Waverley, describes the residence of the mighty chieftain, Lord Lovat, as a most unsavoury abode for a nobleman. Edinburgh, Sept. 3. J. M.

No. LXXXII.]

"Takes note of what is doneBy note, to give and to receive."-SHAKESPEARE.

[OCTOBER, 1857.

ANNE, COUNTESS OF WINCHELSEA. Miss Strickland in her Lives of the Queens of England, vol. vi. p. 189, states that-Two of the maids of honour in the service of Mary Beatrice, wife of James II., and much beloved by her, were ladies of the most irreproachable virtue, members of the Church of England, and alike distinguished for moral worth and literary attainments. One of these ladies, Anne Kingsmill, published a volume of elegant little poems, in which easy graceful versification was combined with refinement and good feeling. She was celebrated by Pope, under the name of Ardelia, after she became Countess of Winchelsea.'

What is the title and date of publication of this volume of Poems? and also, in which of Pope's works the Countess of Winchelsea is mentioned under the name of Ardelia?

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Anne, daughter of Sir William Kingsmill, of Sidmonton, Co. Southampton, was the wife of Heneage Finch, who during the lifetime of his father Heneage, second Earl of Winchelsea, was one of the gentlemen of the bedchamber to James, Duke of York, but upon the death of his nephew, Her poem On the Spleen,' was printed in Miscellaneous Poems, edited by Charles Gildon, 1701, 8vo. Rowe replied in An Epistle to Flavia on the sight of Two Pindaric Odes on the Spleen, and Vanity, written by a Lady to a Friend.' Pope's Rape of the Lock,' written in 1712, induced some admonitory verses addressed to him by Lady Winchelsea, when he replied

succeeded to the title as fourth Earl of Winchelsea.

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Of all examples by the world confest,

I knew Ardelia could not quote the best; Who like her mistress, on Britannia's throne, Fights and subdues in quarrels not her own. Pope's lines with her answer, in nine four-line stanzas, declining future contest, are printed in the 10th volume of Birch's General Biographical Dictionary.

Her verses were published anonymously-Miscellany Poems on several occasions; with Aristomenes, or the Royal Shepherd, a Tragedy. Written by a Lady, 1713, 8vo. Wordsworth in commendation eulogizes the volume as containing some delightful pictures.' With Prior's Posthumous Works, will also be found another poem by her; and many others remain in manuscript, and unpublished,

Lady Winchelsea is now principally distinguished as a poetess by the apologue of The Atheist and Acorn,' which with a Nocturnal Reverie,' were printed by Ritson in the second volume of his English Anthology.

The Countess died without issue, August 5, 1720, and the Earl, her husband, continued a widower till his death, September 30, 1726. Sir S. E. Bridges, in his edition of Collins's Peerage, states the date of her decease, August 2).

VOL. VII.

ANGLO-SAXON GRAVES NEAR SCARBORough.

Some interesting Saxon funeral deposits have been recently discovered near Scarborough. Almost the whole of the high land called Seamer Moor is a knoll of chalk rock, a great part of which has been cut away by the operations in a very extensive lime quarry. The wife of one of the quarry men having brought into Scarborough several gold ornaments and other articles, and sold them to a shopkeeper, from whom they soon passed to Lord Londesborough, and the precise spot where these objects had been found having been correctly ascertained, Lord Londesborough immediately determined on further search, and on Thursday, the 8th inst., his lordship, accompanied by Mr. Thomas Wright, proceeded in his inquiries. On sifting the earth that had been thrown down, a beautiful lozenge shaped pendant set with stones; a gold pin with an enamelled head, and several fragments of other ornaments, with numerous pieces of iron and pottery were found. The ground above was then trenched, but one grave only was discovered, it contained a skeleton with a few ordinary articles in bronze and iron. The objects thus accidentally acquired, comprised the gold pendant and the pin above noticed, a bulla consisting of an onyx set in gold, a small gold ring, a large ornamental gold ring, a silver ring resembling the last in form and size; two ornaments in gold which appear to have been the appendages of ear-rings; a large ring-formed fibula of silver, fragments of a band of plaited silver wire, a number of beads of different materials and sizes, a small urn in a very perfect condition, and various other articles.

Much of the cliff near the Brigg, having been washed down by the recent flood at Filey; Mr. Wilson, a painter, residing at Old Filey, found among the debris a bone, which he took to Dr. Pritchard, the latter immediately hastened to where it had been found, and high up, about four feet from the surface were seen the remains of a Roman wall. On displacing some of the stones, an earthen vase, with numerous human bones, ornamented [?] shells, charred wood, and the skulls of animals were discovered. The barrow extends one hundred yards. The land is the property of the Rev. B. Brookes, and the farm is held by Mr. Elisha Elders. So soon as permission to explore it can be obtained, a probability is entertained some interesting discoveries will be the result.

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CHURCHWARDENS. The following notitia may possibly interest some readers of Current Notes, as the point is one that has been often mooted.

The institution of Churchwardens is of a remote date, they were first appointed in or about the year 423, at the African Council held under the Popes Celestine and Boniface; but at different periods have been distinguished by various appellations, as Defensores, Oeconomi, and Præpositi Ecclesiæ; Testes Synodales, etc. Chaucer shews that in the time of King Edward the Third, they were designated Church-reeves, as he speaks

Of Church-reues, and of Testamentes,

Of contracts, and of lacke of Sacramentes. Later, they obtained another name and were called Churchwardens; all these appellations being expressive of the nature of their office, which was and is to observe, superintend, and maintain the rights, revenues, buildings, and furniture of the Church. An old Churchwarden's book of accounts belonging to the parish of Farringdon, co. Berks, dated so carly as 1518, has the form at that period of admitting Churchwardens, in the following words:

Cherchyewardenys, theys shal be your charge-to be true to God and to the cherche-for love nor for favour off no man wythin thys parriche to withold any ryght to the cherche, but to resseve the dettys to hyt belongythe, or else to goo to the devell.

BROWNE'S 'PIPE OF TOBACCO

IMITATIONS.
The Latin and English Poems of Isaac Hawkins
Browne, a gentleman-

Possessing wealth beyond a poet's lot;
were edited and published by his son, in 1768, with a
finely engraved portrait by Ravenet, from a painting
by Highmore. The volume has considerable notoriety,
for verses on a Pipe of Tobacco; in imitation of six
several authors,' written in imitation of Colley Cibber,
Ambrose Phillips, Thomson, Dr. Young, Pope and Swift;
and in the address To the Reader,' it is stated, the
second, the Imitation of Ambrose Phillips was not
written by my Father, but sent to him by an Ingenious
Friend.'

On the fly-leaf of a presentation copy of these Poems, are the following in manuscript, under different dates. Memorandum, Friday, August 2, 1776. The celebrated Floyer Sydenham told me, that the best poems of his late friend Isaac Hawkins Browne were in the memory only of Mr. Highmore the painter, who was very particularly desired by Mr. Browne, not to suffer any copies of them

to be taken.

Some weeks after the above date, Dr. Sydenham also
assured me that the second, the imitation, p. 117,
Little tube of mighty pow'r,
Charmer of an idle hour, etc.

was not written by Mr. Browne, but he did not say who
was the Author. When he told me so, I supposed it might
have been by himself, Dr. S., though I cannot now recol-
what reason I had for thinking so.
J. HUSSEY, Oct. 5, 1797.

J. C. TELEGRAM.-A correspondent of the Manchester Examiner writes-New Words: An epigram, a dialect gram, a monogram; but, an autograph, a lithograph, a photograph, a telegraph. What is the principle? Where the compound denotes the character (?) of the writing it takes gram; where it denotes the means it takes graph. Do not be misled by the Government telegram-an illustration of the proverb, A little learning is a dangerous thing.'

.

POPE ROWED IN A SEDAN CHAIR.

Mr. Carruthers in his recently published Life of Alexander Pope, p. 381, states, "In his latter years, when rowed up and down the river, Pope usually sat in a sedan chair, in which he was carried to the boat; and so late as 1813, an aged boatman on the Thames, Old Horne,' survived to talk of Mr. Pope, whom, when a boy, he had often seen and well remembered.'

Telegram is undoubtedly the correct word for a written telegraphic message. I first saw it in the London Times, and my only surprise was, that it had not been previously adopted. The principle is this: Pope died May 30, 1744, but was for months before Words ending in graph, graphy, and gram, follow the his death unable to be borne about, so that fully seventy original Greek form; autograph, chirograph, graphos; years may be said to have elapsed between that period paragraph, graphe; calligraphy, photography, steno- and 1813, a long distance of time for remembrance, graphy, tachygraphy, graphia; anagram, diagram, and yet O'Keeffe who was resident at Barnes, in 1785; epigram, gramma; monogram, grammos. Besides, we at Esher in 1798, and at Twickenham in 1800, and have diagraph, and epigraph. Some in graph signify some years after; in his Recollections, 1826, vol. II., p. an instrument, as diagraph, pantograph, sometimes 383, notices, At Twickenham, an old waterman of the written pantagraph, and pentagraph. Those in gram name of Horner, told me that he had often rowed Alexanare derived from a perfect participle passive, and signify der Pope across the Thames to Ham, sitting in a sedan a thing written, painted, or described. Thus telegraph chair, which belonged to the poet at the bottom of the is the instrument, and telegram the written telegraphic chair, in the front was a kind of trunk, in which he message. On the same principle I dare propose three always kept his papers; these he brought to and fro in other new words'-Telegraphy, the art of working the the chair with him. The regular rower of the ferry telegraph; photograph, the instrument used in photo-from Thames Ditton, about thirty years ago, was an graphy; and photogram, the fac-simile, or likeness old blind woman, who often rowed me across, but not in produced. a sedan chair, nor accompanied by my manuscripts.' Athenæum, Oct. 8. R.

Hawkshead, Oct. 12.

D. B. II.

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