upon the human heart, are such as have been represented by those who must be the best judges of its tendencies, why should it not be practised in all the schools and families in the land? Your committee believe that no well founded objections can exist against it, and the time cannot be far distant when the seven hundred thousand children, now in the schools of this state, and all others that shall enter them hereafter, will be allowed the privilege of indulging in this most pleasing and profitable exercise. If we are to judge from the history of the last three years, that time is very near at hand. From the first annual report of the county superintendents to the State Department, it ap: pears that but two counties in the state reported any number of scholars that had practised vocal music in the schools the preceding year, and that number was very small. From the third annual report of the county superintendents the number reported as having been taught vocal music the preceding year, was nearly 50,000. All this has been accomplished within the short space of two years! Should the number increase in the same proportion during the passing year before its close-more than 100,000 of the children of this state, will have been made happier, and we believe better, by indulgence in the practice of vocal music. From the benefits already derived by the practice of vocal music in our common schools, and from the still greater good it may be made to accomplish, the committee without further reasons for it, conclude by offering the following resolution : Resolved, That in all proper ways we will use our influence in favor of the introduction of vocal music into all our common schools, and in order to bring about so desirable an object as soon as possible, we recommend that it be prac. tised in all our county institutes-that the teachers attending may become qualified to give in. struction in the same. FLAVEL B. SPRAGUE, Committee. COUNTY AND TOWN ASSOCIATIONS. The committee on County and Town Associations respectfully report as follows: no other triel means promise to be equally effi cient; and that is, in correcting popular misapprehensions in reference to the real design and tendency of the school system. It cannot have escaped the notice of any one charged with the supervision of schools, that the objections and prejudices against the system are as various and dissimilar as the persons entertaining them. Now, in the opinion of the committee, these objections can never be fully met and these preju dices eradicated, until they are presented in a definite and tangible form, and no means afford equal facilities for this purpose, with town and county associations. If, as is frequently alleged, that the opposition to the system is founded in misconceptions of its true character, the full and free discussion which these associations invoke and secure, will assuredly correct those er. roneous impressions, and the system will pass from the ordeal brightened and strengthened in all its parts. They will conduce most happily to that unity of effort and concurrence of sentiment indispensable to the greatest success of the educational enterprise. Entertaining these views. the committee would offer for the adop tion of the convention the following resolution: Resolved, That we consider county and town common school associations as among the most powerful agencies for correcting popular misapprehensions in regard to our school system, and for effecting unity of purpose and harmony of action among the guardians of popular instruc tion; and that we will use our best endeavors to form and sustain them in the towns and counties of our respective charge. S. SYLVESTER, REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON THE DU- The committee charged with the consideration of the powers and duties of "Town Superintendents," deeply regret the necessity that precludes the full expression of their views on this important department of the common school system. Their legal powers are distinctly defined in the statute that abolished the offices of commisAlthough every instrumentality which con- sioners and inspectors of common'schools, and duces to the elevation of the common school, devolved the responsibilities of their supervision becomes in the enlightened application of gene- and control upon a single individual in each rous minds, a subject of serious importance, town. Their moral power is commensurate with the committee would intimate a difference in the interests intrusted to their charge, and their this respect between those agencies which aim beneficial agency in renovating, sustaining and in common with others to effect a single object, improving the common schools in the state, your and those that subserve many purposes. Some, committee believe, has not always bee duly at least, being peculiar and exclusive. That appreciated. When their hearts have been en associations of the kind under consideration, be-gaged in the momentous duties assigned them, long to the latter class, no stronger evidence and they have secured the co-operation of the can be adduced than that they have been appro- other parties concerned in the onward march of priately referred to by several committees, and general education, our schools have prospered, included by them in the means proposed, for pro-and bright and lasting benefits have accrued to moting the objects respectively entrusted to their consideration. The benignity and power of their influence in harmonizing the efforts of teachers, and in awakening a proper interest on the part of inhabitants, have been presented in the able reports on these subjects already adopted by the convention. But there is another service they may be made to render, in which community. It is their prerogative to counsel with and sustain the county superintendents in the exercise of their arduous duties, to advise with district officers in relation to their local interests, to encourage and enlighten teachers; and with kind paternal care to cherish the dawning purposes of the juvenile mind to acquire knowledge, practice the social virtues and reverence the obligations of religion. We beg leave to present the following resolution: attaches itself to this whole subject, at this particular juncture, demand that something should be said upon it. Resolved, That the various and important duties of town superintendents and their influence We start therefore with the assumption of this on the dearest and most enduring interests of principle, that all human knowledge is received community, clearly indicate the necessity of through the medium of our senses-but that these their selection, solely in reference to their fitness senses are capable, and do convey matter of for the office, irrespective of political or minor, thought to the mind, in very different degrees of considerations. force, both in respect to the clearness of concep tion and indelibility of impression. A. EDWARDS, REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON AGRICULTURE. The eye, widest in its range, and most delicate in its perceptions, every one knows is a much more accurate instrument for the acquisition of knowledge than the ear, and that impressions made through the medium of this organ, are more vivid in their inception-lasting in their The committee to whom was referred the sub-nature-and controlling in their influence, than ject of agriculture, connected with the educa- than those made through the medium of any of tional interests of the state, respectfully report: the other of our senses: And farther, it is beThat the matter assigned them has been duly lieved to be an admitted fact, that there are maconsidered, in all its bearings-but the examina- ny important truths which may be communication has failed to satisfy them of the propriety of incorporating agriculture, or other branches designed to meet the wants of specific professions, in the studies of the common school. The education of the common school is that development of man, which is common to the whole family of humanity. The knowledge of agriculture, therefore, being identified with class, cannot legitimately form a part of the instruction of our ordinary schools. The following resolution is, in accordance with these views, laid before the convention : Resolved, That this convention entertains the opinion that, while a knowledge of the general principles of chemistry, and their general application, is important to the scholar, the knowledge of an extended, specific application of said principles does not come within the province of the common school. The following was offered by Mr. Dwight and adopted: Whereas the interest of the agriculturist is identified with the interest of our common schools ted to the mind, by a mere glance of the eye, which hours of description would still leave exceedingly vague and indefinite, if indeed, it could make even the slightest correct impression : While there are other facts and truths equally important, which can be addressed to the mind only through the medium of this organ. The doctrine that we must "teach by precept rather than by example" has, I trust, already been exploded, not only in relation to the great subject of moral training, but also upon that of intellectual culture. So that it may now safely be assumed, that any system of education, which does not recognize the principle of ocular demonstration as its basis and superstructure too, is radically defective. In relation to the proper training and develop. ment of the young and tender mind, these truths assume an additional and paramount importance. When we recollect the eagerness with which children examine, the readiness with which they read, and the promptness with which they conceive, as well as the fidelity with which they retain all those great and important truths which Resolvid, That we will test the practicability are communicated to their minds through pictoand expe liency of introducing agricultural chem-rial illustrations, we cannot but see and feel too, istry, by securing instruction in this important the great importance of this subject. subject in at least two districts in every county of the state. --therefore THALES LINDSLEY, Committee. REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON SCHOOL APPA- Mr. WILLIAM WRIGHT, from the committee to whom was referred the subject of common school apparatus, begs leave respectfully to report, that the committee have had the subject matter refer red to them under consideration, and have bestowed upon it all that attention which the brief space of time allotted, and the other engagements devolved upon them, would permit. It has been said "let me write the ballads of a nation, and I care not who may make her laws;" so we, with equal, if not greater propriety may say, "let us make the pictures of a nation and we care not who may write her ballads." Did time permit us, it might easily be shown that these well known and settled principles, are applicable not only to objects of nature and art but that they are also applicable to both spoken and written language:-for, inasmuch as words are recognized only as the representatives of idens-and as ideas are the images of objects impressed upon the mind-so it might easily be shown that most of these images may be represented upon the canvas. But your committee The committee can scarcely believe that, in a are aware that, however pleasing and profitable convention like this, so brief in its sittings, and might be the full prosecution of this subject, yet so burdened with business;—or upon a sub- neither the time nor the circumstances under ject upon which there can scarcely be but one which this convention are assembled, will waropinion, a very elaborate report is either ex-rant that prosecution at this time. pected or desired: And yet perhaps the peculiar Without then going farther into detail, upon a relations which this body sustains to our com- subject which your committee cannot but believe mon schools, and the increased importance which must commend itself to the warm approbation of every member of this convention, we cannot The influence of good rending upon a popalition can It serves to OCrefrain from expressing our strong and decided not be estimated in dollars and cents. cupy leisure hours, expands the intellect, improves opinion, that the general and speedy introducthe manners and quickens the conscience. Already we tion of appropriate apparatus, for the illustration begin to see the enign effects of it. A brighter and of the various truths and principles of science more glorious day dawns upon us. Thousands of our taught in our common schools, by an appeal to youth, who were formerly strolling the streets or lounging about, are now eng iged at home conversing the eye, is a measure of vital importance to the with the mighty dead, or the master spirits of the liv success of the great work of educational reforming. Already have the books in our libraries, and the in which the friends of popular education in this improved teaching in our schools, awakened thought, state are now so ardently and devotedly engaged.gies of the mind. aroused inquiry, and are calling forth the whole euerYour committee, therefore, without assuming to make invidious distinctions between the merits of the different classes and grades of school apparatus which have been submitted to their examination, would content themselves with simply recommending the passage of the follow-revolutionize society increase the productive industry ing resolutions, viz.: Resolved, 1st, That this convention highly recommend the introduction of appropriate school apparatus into all our common schools-and to facilitate the acquisition of this important attain ment, we respectfully suggest to the inhabitants of the several school districts of the state, the propriety of their immediately availing them. selves of the provisions of our present school laws, by appropriating their library funds in accordance with that law, to the purchase of such apparatus. 2d. Resolved, That among the several articles of school apparatus deemed by this convention particularly appropriate to be introduced into our common schools for the purposes of illustration, black-boards, outline maps, charts, globes, geometrical blocks and diagrams, numerical frames, drawing cards, &c., &c., may be mentioned as among the most important. 3d. Resolved, That we recommend to trustees and patrons of our schools, to be cautious in pur. chasing school apparatus, text and library books for their schools, purporting to be sanctioned by the officers of the state department of common schools, or of county or town superintendents; without the written or printed evidence of the fact that such recommendations of apparatus or works have been given by such school officers. WILLIAM WRIGHT, J. T. BRODT, Committee. REPORT ON SCHOOL DISTRICT LIBRARIES. The committee to whom was referred the subject of school district libraries, would respectfully report: That the very little time which the committee have been enabled to bestow upon the subject, has not been sufficient to do it anything like justice. Without further remark, the committee recommend the adoption of the following resolutions: Resolved, That we hail the establishment of district school libraries in our own and other states, as anequivocal tokens of human progress; and if the system becomes general and permanent, we believe it will of the country fourfoll, elevate and strengthen the intellectual and moral power of the nation, lessen crime, promote virtue, and make America the pride and glory of the world." Resolved, That this convention recommend that superintendents of schools guard well the district library, that nothing shall be placed in it which shall not be this avenue to the heads and hearts of the people; so salutary in its effects upon the community. Resolved, That we recommend to the trustees of districts, to select a proper proportion of juvenile works, and also books upon the subjects of agriculture and the mechanic arts. Resolved, That this convention recommend to the inhabitants and trustees of the several school districts of April in each year, to make out and transmit to the in this state, annually, on or before the first Tuesday town superintendent of their towns respectively, a catalogue or list of such books as they may desire to purchase for their district library, and of such articles their school for the current year; with the requisite of school apparatus as they may desire for the use of authority to such town superintendent to apply the share of library money in his hands, belonging and apportioned to such district, to the purchase of such books and apparatus. A. WRIGHT, L. R. PALMER, J. O. WILLSEA, Committee. REPORT ON SCHOOL CELEBRATIONS. Among the numerous opposing influences which we vate the character of our common schools and extend encounter at almost every step, in our efforts to ele their sphere of usefulness, it is believed that no one is more all-pervading and paralysing in its effects, than the state of apathy which exists among the people in reference to this subject. Although we are confident that much has been accomplished towards producing a more healthful state of public sentiment upon the question of educational improvement, yet we are compelled to admit that the evil of indifference still exists to a great extent. A majority of our school-houses are still its monuments; and no less palpable evidences of its prevalence and influences, are to be found in the administration of our school system, by many of our districts and their officers. We find the evidences of its existence in some form, and to a greater or less extent, in almost every school district; and every county and town su Your committee believe that there have been very few, if any laws enacted by our legislature, which have so important a bearing on the interests of the rising generation, the influence of which will be so wide-perintendent can but feel that, through its influence, spread, so deep and so permanent, as that law establishing a library of well selected books, to be placed within the reach of every citizen and child of the state. The idea was grand in its conception, commendable in its execution, and promises to be glorious in its results. Your committee cannot but contrast the advantages which the young now enjoy, with that of those who were young thirty years ago. Then it was difficult for children in country districts to procure books to read. Now they are scattered broadcast over the land, and by the munificence of the legislature are placed within the reach of every child of the state. A people so blessed must become well informed; and just in pro portion as the youth of our land acquire a taste for reading and literary pursuits, just in that proportion will their desire after, and practice of, sensual and vicious pleasures decline. much of the effort now put forth in this cause, though directed by the most consummate wisdom and ealightened philanthropy, must fail of producing its desired results. What The inquiry thus addresses itself to us with peculiar force, what remedy shall we apply, or what means can we use, to remove or mitigate this evil? measures can we take to secure the attention of the whole people to this subject? How shall we find ac cess to their minds and hearts, and produce such a deep and universal conviction of the magnitude and importance of the interests involved in this subject, as will dissipate this apathetic indifference, entist the interest of every citizen in behalf of the common schools, and result in universal and vigorous action for their improvement? Your committee are of the opinion that "school celebrations," in connection with the many other agencies now in operaties, may con 72 tribute essentially to the accomplishment of these objects. From a careful, but somewhat limited observation of the practical results of such celebrations, your committee feel authorized to enumerate the following, as prominent among their advantages, as one of the inStrumentalities by which the right spirit may be disseminated among the people upon this subject. They present the best opportunity to urge upon the consideration of the people the subject of popular education, by addresses from school officers and the friends of education, and the most effectual method of bringing all the patrons of the schools under the influence of those addresses. REPORT ON THE ORGANIZATION OF DISTRICTS. The committee on the Organization of School Districts beg leave to report: That in their opinion school districts should be so organized as to secure. if possible, the benefits of classThis great and import They bring before the people the actual comparative condition of their schools, and excite on the part of town officers, teachers, pupils and their parents, anification and division of labor. active spirit of generous emulation. They will afford the public an opportunity of forming a correct estimate of the vast difference between good and bad teachers, to canvass and determine their comparative merits, to appreciate duly the services of good teachers, and to detect those who are incompe tent for the duties of their station. The opportunity which they afford the public for witnessing the practical results of the different modes of instruction pursued, prepares the teachers and people to pass an intelligent verdict upon every question relative to the proposed improvements in the methods of teaching. The simple annunciation of the fact that such a celebration will be held in every town in the state during each term of the schools, or near the close of both the summer and winter terms, will prompt to such increased exertion on the part of teachers and pupils, to sustain the reputation of their respective schools, as cannot fail to elevate the character and rapidly advance the cause of popular instruction. ant principle is recognized and practised in most, if not all the business transactions of life. Who would purchase stock in a manufacturing company whose operations were compelled by circumstances to be changed once in five or ten minutes; and to go through all the various processes necessary to be performed, from the raw material to the most finished fabrics, in the short space of three or six hours? Destructive and absurd as this appears, still many of our schools are conducted on principles analogous to it. The teacher is compelled to work from the alphabet to algebra in the short space of three hours: if to this we add the evils of a multiplicity of text-books, have we not reason to expect weak, inefficient and sickly schools? And will they not remain so unless the laws which govern mind and matter are reversed? Your committee believe that in most cases school In cities and districts may be so organized as to secure the benefits of classification and division of labor. villages there can be no excuse for not availing ourselves of this labor saving, and consequeuily money In the country, among a sparse saving principle. population, your committee believe that a union of districts may be productive of good results, by having a centre school, and primary schools in the extremes, for the convenience of the smaller pupils. Such assemblages of parents with their children, who are soon to be the property-holders and directors, the fathers and mothers, the farmers, mechanics and business men, the citizens and legislators, the execu tive and judicial officers, and the future instructors of our country, convened with specific reference to their preparation for the scenes and relations of future life,-such exhibitions of our future republic in miniature, cannot fail to excite and bring into vigorous action some of the noblest and most powerful impulses of the human heart, enlist all that is noble and generous in parental affection and patriotic devotion to the weltare of posterity and the country, on the side of thorough and universal education, and awaken that deep and all-pervading interest on this subject, which, if properly directed, will result in a thorough regene-life-it will make a school good enough for the richest ration of the whole school system. The committee would also take the liberty of submitting to your consideration the following suggestions in relation to the management of such celebra tions. 1st. The teachers who are to engage in the celebration should be consulted, and their cordial co-operation previously secured." 2d. Great care should be taken to guard against every thing which may result in the mortification or disappointment of either the teachers or their pupils; and to do this, the town superintendent and teachers should have a meeting, and, as far as possible, arrange definitely the order of exercises for the day, which should be strictly adhered to at the examination. The names of the teachers should be taken, and the particular exercise in which each is to engage should be previously determined, and the time and duration of those exercises. 3d. The exercises should be so conducted as to be fit models for general imitation in the schools. 4th. In all cases the teachers should alternate with each other at every exercise. 5th. Music by the pupils, on instruments, should be occasionally introduced between the other exercises. 6th The use of black-boards, maps and apparatus should be as far as practicable introduced; and without a black-board, no exercises of the kind should be attempted. 1 7th. One address at least should be delivered to the people on all such occasions. It is believed that by observing these or somewhat similar general rules, school celebrations may be rendered highly interesting to all concerned, and their anticipated beneficial results fully realized. In view of these considerations, the committee would respectfully submit the following resolution: Resolved, That we deem it an important duty of the Your committee will present a few of the advantages of consolidation of districts. It diminishes the expense and increases the effiicency of schools-it increases their libraries and funds for the purchase of apparatus-it will secure competent and permanent teachers-it will give parents an opportunity to educate their sons and daughters at home, under their own cye; to guard their physical and intellectual health, their morals and habits, and consequently their destiny for and cheap enough for the poorest-it opens the door to every poor man's son and daughter in the district, and tends to establish and carry out the great and glorious doctrine (so far as means and opportunity are concerned) of equal and universal education. It is only by regarding the 700,000 children of this state as a unit, and looking upon this mass of mind as one, and that in fifteen years, at most, it is to control the destinies of this state, and perhaps the cause of liberty and freedom throughout the world, that we can have clear and distinct views of the necessity of universal education. This system adopted and carried out, gives to the poor man's children all the advantages of the rich; abolishes invidious distinctions, and is mutually be neficial to both. It is in vain that we proclaim to the world "That all men are created equal, and endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights, among which are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness;" if we by our systems of education leave any child without the proper means to qualify itself for usefulness to others, and without which he can scarcely enter into the road that leads to happiness-to such er joyment as the great and good Creator designs to be possessed by properly educated physical, intellectual, and moral beings. In conclusion, the committee beg leave to introduce the following resolution : Resolved, That the union and consolidation of districts is one of the most efficient means of improving our district schools: and should be adopted in all cases where practicable. OLSON BARNES, Committee. REPORT ON UNION SCHOOLS. The committee on "Union Schools" present the following report as the result of their deliberations on the propriety and utility of the establishment of union schools: By" union schools" we mean those which are located in villages, and which are taught by two, three or more teachers. A school of this kind should be in a building containing as many separate apartments as there are different teachers. At its head should be placed a male teacher, who should have the control and general supervision of the school. The large scholars, and those who have made the greatest proficiency in their stu dies, should be under the tuition of the principal The small and less advanced scholars may be instructed by assistants. In every village in which the number of children is too great to be instructed by one teacher, a building should be erected, containing several apartments, for the accommodation of the principal and his assistants. The scholars should be classified agreeably to their respective ages and acquirements. The union school system is also feasible in all densely populated portions of the state. Two or three small districts, which, in their separate capacity, are too weak and inefficient, may be consolidated, and thereby enjoy all the advantages and privileges of a primary and a high school. Indeed, union schools need not, necessarily, be exclusively confined to villages and densely settled districts, but they may likewise be established in those portions of the state which are sparsely populated. If the inhabitants are scattered over too large an extent of territory to allow the small children to attend the union school, let primary schools be established in different parts of the district, which may be taught by female teachers. But the large scholars of both sexes, whose physical powers are more strongly developed than those of the small children, may attend a union school located near the centre of the district. The committee do not deem it necessary to attempt to enumerate all the advantages which would resuit from the adoption of the union system: we shall only specify some of the most prominent. Ist. The adoption of this plan would secure to all, the inestimable privileges now enjoyed by our academies, without incurring those onerous expenses which so often prove ruinous to academies. 2d. Should this system be generally adopted, that formidable evil, small districts, which is so prevalent throughout the state, and which seems to paralyse the efforts of the friends of education, would become comparatively powerless 3d. Parents would not be under the necessity of sending their children from home in order to obtain a good English education. Many a child has been ruined by being removed at an early age from the watchful care of the parent. No other can so easily check in children the germs of vice, and the contaminating influence of bad examples, as the parent. 4th. The aggregate expenses which are now required to maintain our schools, would be greatly diminished. To illustrate the utility and economy of the union system, let us suppose that a village contains two hundred children If these children are taught in sepa rate schools, four teachers at least will be required; each of whom will have fifty scholars under his tuition. Four competent male teachers can not be obtained for a less sum (including board) than $30 per month for each The aggregate expenses for teachers' wages would therefore be $120 per month, and $1,440 for a year. But, let the same village adopt the union system; let a building be erected containing several rooms, sufficiently commodious to accommodate all the scholars. A male teacher of superior qualifications may be employed to take the general supervision of the school, whose salary might be $400 a year. And three female teachers would be required to instruct the primary classes. The wages of these three female teachers would not exceed $600 a year; and the ag gregate wages of the four teachers in the union school would be $1,000 per annum, instead of $1,440, which would be required under the system at present adopted by most villages and districts. Your committee are aware that there are many other reasons and arguments which might be adduced in support of union schools, but they are satisfied that enough bas heen said to call the attention of the friends of education to this important subject. Believing that the cause of education would receive a new impetus, and that more competent teachers would be secured by the adoption of union schools throughout the state, wherever feasible, your committee therelore, in conclusion, offer the following resolutions: Resolved, That it be recommended to every village in the State. possessing a sufficient number of children, to establish a union school. Kesolved, That it be further recommended to the inbabitants of the several school districts of each town in this state, to establish and organize, under the supervision of town and county superintendents, a ceniral high school, consisting of appropriate departments for the instruction of male and female pupils in such of the higher branches of education as may be deemed expedient. H. H. INGRAHAM, F. P. MOULTON, J. O. WILLSEA. Committee. REPORT ON PHYSICAL EDUCATION. The committee to whom was referred the subject of physical education, respectfully report: That the subject is one of vast importance, wide exThe free action of tent, and of universal application. man's intellectual nature and the full development of his moral powers, depends so much upon the health of his body, that it becomes an object of great interest that much care should be bestowed upon his physical part. The body is a casket, which contains a jewel of infinite value, a jewel emanating from God himself, capable of performing an immense amount of good here, and destined to exist long after the casket is broken and destroyed. In this world the soul cannot exist if the body perishes. They are so intimately connected that if you mar the one, you injure the other. Physical education has been too long neglected, and we have the results in the sickly countenances, the deformed bodies and the weeds of woe which we see every where around us. There is not a question in the minds of those who have examined the subject, that a great share of the bodily suffering which we experience, is the direct or indirect result of neglecting physical education. It is believed by many physiologists, that if men would obey all the laws of their physical being, they would escape the diseases now incident to them, and when the time allotted to them had come, would, as of old, literally fall asleep, and be "gathered to their fa thers." If these things are so, how important is it that teachers understand the natural laws of God (which man must obey or suffer), and teach them to their pupils. Without further remarks, the committee beg leave to submit the following resolutions: Resolved, That more knowledge of the physical laws of the human body, the structure and functions of the different organs, the general laws of health and disease, must be possessed by parents and teachers, before the youth of our land shall grow up vigorous, healthy and happy. Resolved. That as no one can transgress any of the laws of their physical being without suffering the penalty, it is of essential importance that every child be made acquainted with these laws, and taught to obey them. Resolved, That this convention deem the elements of anatomy and physiology, studies which might with great propriety be introduced into our common schools, and especially at this time, when facilities by charts can be furnished at a very low price. And we kelieve a knowledge of these sciences would soon change entirely the construction of our school-houses, the modes of our dress, and our whole manner of living. Resolved, That teachers should immediately prepe: themselves to instruct in these branches of knowledge, on which so much of our happiness or misery de pends. Resolved, That as pure air, healthful exercise and cheerful hearts, are necessary to health, therefore we recommend that teachers take their pupils occasionally upon geological, mineralogical, and botanical excursions, as means well adapted not only to strengthen and develop their physical and intellectual natures, |