And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, that if any persons, to ye number of three, shall meet And to prevent clandestine, loose, and unseemly together with clubbs, staves, or any hurtful weapon, to proceedings about marriage; be it enacted by ye auye terror of any of ye peaceable people of this pro-hority aforesaid, That all marriages not forbidden by vince, and committ, or design to committ, any violence or injury upon ye person or goods of any of ye said in habitants, they shall be reputed and punished as rioters, and that act of terror and violence, or design of violence, accounted a riot.

band and wife, before sufficient witnesses, and a certificate of ye whole, under ye hands of parties and witnesses, shall be brought to ye proper register of ye county where they are married, and shall be registered in his office.

And be it further enacted by ye authority aforesaid, That no person, be it either widdower or widdow, shall contract marriage, much less marry, under one year after ye decease of his wife or her husband.

And be it further enacted by ye authority aforesaid, That if any person shall fall into decay and poverty, and be unable to maintain themselves and children, with their honest endeavor; or who shall die and leave poor orphants, that upon complaint to ye next justices of ye peace, of ye same county, ye said justices finding ye complaint to be true, shall make provision for them, in such way as they shall see convenient. till ye next county court, and that, then, care be taken for their comfortable subsistence.

And to prevent exaction in publicke houses: be it further enacted by ye authority aforesaid, That all strong beer and ale made of barly mault, shall be sould for not above two pennys a full Winchester quart. And all beer made of molossis, shall not exceed one penny a quart.

And to prevent fraud in measure, and to reduce all foreigne measures here to ye English standard, be it further enacted by ye authority aforesaid, That ye measures of this province, shall be according to ye standard of weights and measures in England, that is to say a bushel shall contain eight gallons, according to ye Winchester measure, and all weights to be avordupois, which hath sixteen ounces to ve pound; within three months after ye first session of this assembly.

no less than tenn days before, and a copy of ye complaint delivered him or her, at his or her dwelling house, to answer unto: but before ye complaint of any person shall be received, he or she shall solemnly declare in open court, that he or she believes, in his or her conscience, his or her cause is just; and if ye party complained against shall, notwithstanding, refuse to appear, ye planetiffe shall have judgement against ye defendant by default.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That there shall be two credible wittnesses in all cases, in order to judgement, and all witnesses coming or called to testify their knowledge, in or to any matter or thing, in any court, or before any lawfull authority, within ye said province, shall there give, or deliver in their evidence or testimony, by solemnly promising to speake ye truth, ye whole truth, and nothing but ye truth, to the matter and thing in question; and in case any person so called to evidence, shall afterwards be convicted of willfull falsehood, such person shall suffer and undergoe, such damage or penalty as the person or persons against whom, he or she bore false wittness, did or should undergoe, and shall also make satisfaction to ye party wronged; and be publickly exposed for a false wittness, never to be credited again in any court, or before any magistrate in ye said province; and whosoever shall be convicted of lying in conversation, shall for every such offence, pay half a crown or suffer three days' imprisonment, in the house of correction at hard labor

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That all pleading processes and records in court, shall be short and in English, and in an ordinary and plain character, yt they may be easily read and understood, and justice speedily administered.

And be it further enacted by ye authority aforesaid, That no person presume to keep an ordinary, without And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, a licence first obtained of ye governor, and to ye end, That all tryalls in civil cases, shall be by twelve men, yt all travellers and such as are not housekeepers may and as near as may be, peers or equalls, and of ye be reasonably accomodated, in places where ordinaries neibourhood, and men without just exception; and in now are, or shall be hereafter erected; no such keeper criminal matters of life there shall be first twenty-four of such ordinary shall demand above six pennys a meal returned by ye sheriff, for a grand inquest, of whom by ye head, which meal shall consist of beefe or porke. twelve, at least, shall find ye complaint to be true, and or such like produce of ye country, and small-beer; and then forty-eight shall be likewise returned by ye sheriff, of a footman, he shall not demand above two-pence per of whom twelve shall have ye finalle judgement, but night for his bed; and of a horseman nothing, he pay-reasonable challenges shall be always admitted, against ing six pennys a night for his horses hay.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That ye days of ye weeke and ye months of ye year, shall be called as in Scripture, and not by heathen names, (as are vulgarly used) as ye first, second, and third daies of ye week, and first, second, and third months of ye year, &c. beginning with ye day called Sunday, and ye month called March.

any or all of them."

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That all fines shall be moderate, saving contenements, marchandize, or wainage, which is to say, ye furniture of their calling and means of lively hood."

shall be convicted of taking more, shall pay twofold,
and be dismissed his imployment; one moyety of which
shall goe to ye party wronged
And yt all persons
convicted of bribery and extortion shall forfeit double
the same.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That all fees and salaries in all cases, shall be moderate and limited by ye governer and assembly, and he hung And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid,up in a table in every respective court, and whosoever To ye end; yt justice may be faithfully and openly done, according to law, that all courts of justice shall be open, and justice shall not be sold, denied, nor delayed. And in every county there shall be one court erected, to which ye inhabitants thereof may every month repair for justice, and in case any person shall hold himself ag grieved by ye sentence of ye said county court; that such persons may appeal to ye Provincial court, which shall sitt quarterly, and consist of not less than five judges, ye appellant giving security for ye charges of ye sute, and no further appeal to be admitted till ye appellant deposite in court, ye sum he is condemned to pay, and give security in case he be cast by ye last jurisdiction, which shall be ye Provinciall councill.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That in all courts, all persons, of all perswasions, may freely appear, in their own way, and according to their own manner, and there personally plead their own cause themselves, or if unable by their friends, and ye first process shall be ye exhibition of ye complaint in court, fourteen days before ye tryall, and that ve defendant be prepared for his defence, he or she shall be summoned,

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, For avoiding of numerous sutes, if two men dealing together, be indebted to each other upon bills, bonds, bargains, or ye like, provided they be of equal truth and cleareness, ye defendant shall in his answer acknowledge ye debt which ye plaintiffe demandeth, and defaulke what ye plaintiffe owes to him upon the like cleareness.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That if in case any man arrest another going out ye province, he shall be ready with his declaration and evidence ye next day, and shall put in security to pay ye charges and damages sustained by ye party arrested, if he shall be found in ye wrong.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That all bargains, promises, and agreements, about buying and selling, being made appear by sufficient

evidence, shall stand good and firm, and such as shall violate ye same, he or she shall for every such offence, pay twice ye valew to the party wronged.

except where there be legall issue, and then all goods, and one-half of ye land, only in case ye land was bought before ye debts were contracted.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That all prisons shall be workhouses for felons, thieves, vagrants, and loose abusive and idle persons, whereof one shall be in every county.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, To prevent frauds and vexatious sutes within ye said That all prisoners shall be bailable by sufficient sureties, province, all charters, gifts, grants, and conveyances of unless in capitall offences, where ye proof is evident, or land, (except leases for a year or under) and all bills, ye presumption great, and every quarter of a year there bonds, and speciallities above five pounds, and not un-shall be goal delivery in every county, where imprisonder three months, made in ye said province, shall be ment is not ye punishment. inrolled and registered in ye public inrollment office of ye said province, within ye space of two months next after the making thereof, else to be voyd in law; and all deeds, grants, and conveyances of land, (except as aforesaid) within ye said province, and made out of ye said province, shall be inrolled or registered as aforesaid, within six months next after ye making thereof, and settling and constituting an inrollment office or registry within ye said province, else to be voyd in law against all persons whatsoever; and in case ye deeds of purchase in England, made of lands in this province, should be lost by ye way, and so cannot be registered, coppies of the deeds attested by a public notary, shall be of equal force therein.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That all wills in writing, attested by two sufficient witnesses, shall be of ye same force as to land, as other conveyances being legally proved within forty days, either within or without ye said province.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That ye will of no person shall be of force, that is not in his or her right mind, and usuall understanding at the making thereof.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That ye estates of intestates, shall goe to ye wife and to ye children, and if no wife be living at ye time of death, all ye estate shall goe to ye children, and if no children, one-third to ye governor, and two-thirds to the next of kin.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That there shall be a registry for births, marriages, burialls, wills, ye names of executors, and guardians, and trustees, and letters of administration, distinct from ye other registry.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That the servants shall not be kept longer than their time, and such as are carefull, shall be both justly and kindly used in their service, and put in fitting equipage at the expiration thereof, according to custom, and such as runn away and serve not their time, when caught shall serve twice ye time he or she was absent, and pay ye charges, or serve out ye value after their time is expired; and if any master abuse his servant, on complaint to ye next justice of ye peace, he shall take care to redress ye said grievance.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That goalers shall not oppress their prisoners, and that all prisons shall be free as to room, and all prisoners shall have libertie to provide themselves beding, food, and other necessarys during their imprisonment, except such whose punishment by law will not admitt of that liberty. And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That any person wrongfully imprisoned shall have double damages against ye informer or pros

ecutor.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That as in divers laws ye penalty of ye offences, is thus expressed, either a certain sum of money or certain time of imprisonment, at hard labor in ye house of correction, it shall be left to choice of ye civill magistrate, which of ye punishments he will inflict upon ye person so offending. That whosoever shall know any of ye aforementioned offences, and informe ye civill magistrate thereof, shall have one-third of ye fine, and if any one shall conceal such person, he or she shall pay halfe ye fine due from ye guilty person.

And to the end that it may be known, who those are, that in this province and territory, thereunto belonging, have right of freemen, to chuse or be chosen, and with ye proprietary and governor, make and enact laws that every inhabitant of ye said province and territorys annexed, that is or shall be a purchaser of one hundred acres of land, and hath seated ye same, his heirs and assigns, and every person who shall have paid his passage, and taken up one hundred acres of land at one penny an acre, and hath seated the same. And every person that hath been a servant or bondsman, and is free by services, that shall have taken up his fifty acres of land, and seated ye same, and every inhabitant, artificer, or other resident in ye said province, that pay scott and lott to ye governor, shall be deemed and accounted a freeman of this province and territory thereof, and such only as shall have right of election or being elected, to any service in ye government thereof. Provided also, and be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That all persons holding any office, in this province, or ye territory's thereunto belonging, or that hath or shall have right to chuse or be chosen members in assembly, shall be such as shall first subscribe this following declaration: I, A. And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, B. doe hereby freely acknowledge, and solemnly deThat all factors or correspondents in this province, clare, and promise fidelity, and lawful obedience to wronging their imployers, shall make satisfaction, and William Penn, son and heir of Sir William Penn, deone-third over to their said imployers, and in case of ye ceased, and his heirs and assigns, as rightfull proprietadeath of any such factor or correspondent, the commit- ry and governor of ye same, according to ye kings lettee of trade, shall take care to secure so much of ye de-ters patent, and deeds of grant and feoffment, from ceased parties estates as belongs to his said respective imployers.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That there shall be a registry for all servants, where their names, time, wages, and days of freedom or payment, shall be registered.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That all defacers or corrupters of charters, gifts, grants, bonds, bills, wills, contracts, or conveyances; or that shall deface or falcify any enrolment, registry, or record, within this province, shall make double satisfaction for ye same, half whereof shall goe to ye party wronged, and they shall be dismissed of all places of trust, and be publickly disgraced as false persons.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, That all lands and goods shall be lyable to pay debts,

James Duke of York and Albany, &c. And that I will
never act nor doe by word or deed, directly or indirect-
ly, any thing, nor consent to nor conceal any person or
thing whatsoever, to ye breach of this solemn engage.
ment. In witness of which I have hereunto sett my
hand, this
day of
in ye year
A. B.

And that all elections may not be corruptly managed, upon which ye present and future good of ye province so much depends, that all elections of members or representatives of ye people and freemen of ye province of Pennsilvania and territorys annexed, to serve in ye

Fayette,
Crawford,
Erie,
Venango,
Clearfield,
Jefferson,
Somerset,

assembly thereof, shall be free and voluntary, and that
ye elector that shall receive any reward or gift in meat, Butler,
drink, moneys, or otherwise, shall forfeit his right to Mercer,
elect such; and such persons as shall give, promise, or Wayne,
bestow any such reward as aforesaid, to be elected, Washington,
shall forfeit his election, and be thereby incapable to
serve as aforesaid. And ye assembly shall be sole
judges of ye regularity or irregularity of ye elections
thereof.
And that the people may be fully secured in the en-
joyment of yr property,¬Be it further enacted, by ye
authority aforesaid, that no money or goods shall be
raised upon or paid by any of ye people of this pro-
vince, and territorys annexed, by way of a publick tax,
custom or contribution, but by a law for that purpose,
made by ye government and freemen of ye said pro-
vince, and territory thereof; and whosoever shall levy,
collect, receive, or pay any money or goods contrary
thereunto, shall be held and punished as a publick ene-
my to ye province, and a betrayer of ye liberty of ye
people; and that no publick tax at any time shall con-
tinue longer than ye space of one whole year.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, that ye laws of this province, from time to time, shall be published and printed, that every person may have ye knowledge thereof; and that they shall be one of ye books taught in ye schooles of this province, and territory thereof.

And be it further enacted, by ye authority aforesaid, that all other matters and things, not herein provided for, which shall and may concerne the publick good, justice, peace, and safety of ye said province, and ye raising and imposing taxes, customes, duties, or other charges whatsoever, shall be and are hereby referred to ye order, prudence, and determination of ye governor and freemen of ye said province, from time to time.

GOVERNOR'S ELECTION.

Potter and McKean,
Armstrong,
Greene,
Pike,
Warren,

METEOROLOGICAL REGISTER.

Extract from the Meteorological Register, taken at the
State Capitol-Harrisburg, Pennsylvania,
BY JAMES WRIGHT, Librarian.

SEPTEMBER, 1832.

Days of the Month.

Days of Week.

5 Wednesd 62 63 57 61

Montgomery,

2,972

2,933

6 Thursd'y

60 64 64 63

Thermometer.

Barometer.

1 Saturday 65|66|70|67||29.36|34|35||29.35|N
2 Sunday 58 68 70 65

34 35 37

35N
34 E
32 SE
31S W
35|W

35 34 33

32 31 33

31 31 32

33 35 36

Berks,

7 Friday

56 73 69 66

8 Saturday

58 70 70 66

9 Sunday

63 707168)

Chester,

2,374

4,301 10 Monday 56 69 70 65
6,357 11 Tuesday 67 70 73 70
2,367 12 Wednesd 64 66 68 66
1,807 13 Thursd'y] 52 62 65 60
1,084 14 Friday 52 65 67 611
2,131 15 Saturday

Columbia,

1,768

829 16 Sunday 64 73 7872

62 68 72 67

36 36 40

38N W S7 W

7278 76 75

Bedford,

1,629

1,561 18 Tuesday

67 75 76 73

2,516 19 Wednesd

66 757873

2,285 20 Thursd'y 65 78 77 73
1,906 21 Friday 75717473
1,586 22 Saturday

67 71 70 69

61 62 64 62

475 23 Sunday
446 24 Monday 54 60 65 60
2,189 25 Tuesday 58 61 61 60
3,506 26 Wedne'y |48 60 65 58
834 27 Thursd'y 50 65 67 61
692 28 Friday 60 69 70 66
340 29 Saturday 63 69 71 68
986 30 Sunday
63 65 58 621
Thermometer.
Maximum on 17th
Minimum on 26th

75° Max. on the 17th 29.42 in. 58° Min. on the 5th

17° Difference

66° Mean

34 35 34

34 N W

29.31 in.

.11 in. 29.36 in.

Beaver,

1,440

1,481

VOL. X.

36

Days of the month.

Atmosphere.

1, 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12,13,14,15, Morning. Afternoon. 16, 17, 18, 19, 20,22,23,26, 20 days Fair

28,29, 30,

2 days

1 day

4, 21, 24, 25, 27, 3, 11,

Cloudy
Rain
Cloudy
Rain

the charter was obtained, erecting additional stock to the amount of $150,000. The first capital was taken up. The additional amount will soon be offered to the Fair public. Fair The most important matter of interest to the pur Cloudy chasers of stock now comes under consideration, viz: Cloudy the probable income to be expected from the stock. In Rain instituting my own inquiries into the matter, I have taken estimates made out item by item, by the merchants Wind. of Ithaca and Owego, and have submitted them to the N test of a comparison with the business heretofore done, NE as set forth in the statistical tables referred to. The esE timate by items, for the year 1835, has been stated as follows:

Merchandize,

Wheat and flour,

6, 7, 8, 12, 13, 15, 16, 25, 30,

3 days

3 days

9 days

SE
SW
W

6,000 tons.

10,000

5 days N W

On the 17th in the evening, barometer at 29.44 inches the highest. On the 4th at noon at 29.31 inches the lowest. Range 00.13 inches.

The wind has been seven days east of the meridian, 17 days west of it, and six days north.

There was rain on the 3d, 11th, and 30th. The wind blustering on the 5th and 12th.

The mean temperature of this month was 530 warmer than last September.

PROSPECTS OF THE ITHACA AND OWEGO
RAIL ROAD COMPANY.

Salt,

Lime and stone,
Lumber,
Miscellaneous,

cite, which abounds in vast quantities near the Susquehanna river, within 50 miles of Owego. The amount

I find from the statistics, that during 240 days, which is the ordinary average of the season for navigation of the Cayuga lake, the trade of Ithaca amounted at the lowest calculation, per day, in 1828, to 80 tons; 1831, to 180 tons; which facts are also corroborated by the examination of the amount of towing done by the steam boats on the lake during those years. If we estimate the increase of trade in 1835, by the ratio of increase GENTLEMEN,In answer to your inquiries as to the between 1828 and 1831, it may be safely calculated at value of the stock of the Ithaca and Owego Rail-road 320 tons, or 8 boat loads of 40 tons, 4 going and 4 coming,per day. Now, if only two-thirds of this trade passCompany, I submit the following remarks, and an estimate prepared for my own private use, from tables of es over the road, and the reasonable presumption is, the commercial statistics of that part of the country with that three-fourths of it will, the amount will be 51,200 which it is connected, which were furnished to me from tons a year, which exceeds the estimate as made by items. But in addition to the articles of commerce in the most accurate sources, by intelligent residents there. that estimate enumerated, there is one commodity which The road is intended to connect the villages of Ithaca is destined to be a staple of great importance, but which and Owego, the former lying at the southern end of by reason of the great present cost of transportation, Cayuga lake, and the other on the Susquehanna river, finds its way in but small quantities, to a northern marat what may be considered the principal head of navi-ket. I refer to the coal, both bituminous and anthragation of that stream. By referring to a map, you will perceive at once that it is now, and by a proper improvement of the gift of nature, must always be the princiof this article which would be carried across this road pal channel through which the trade of Western New York will find its way to Philadelphia and Baltimore can hardly be calculated, but the lowest estimate made by sound judges is 20,000 tons. I have been informed markets: the grand portage between the navigable wathat a small quantity has found its way during the ters of the states of New York and Pennsylvania. The great importance of this portage, induced the sleighing season to Ithaca and its neighboring villages, citizens of Ithaca and Owego, at an early period in the and been readily purchased for foundries, smiths, and era of internal improvements, to propose the construc-private use, at $12 the ton. When the facilities for tion of either a canal or rail-road to facilitate transpor-rail-road across the high grounds, shall have reduced transportation by steam navigation on the river and tation through this channel. The great expense of a this price one-third or one half, the market for supply well constructed canal, having an elevation and correswill be immense. To be within bounds as to quantity ponding depression of about 600 feet to overcome by of material, and to allow for a low rate of toll by way of lockage, as well as the doubtful nature of the supply of water at the summit level, frustrated the project of a coal at 7,000 tons. bounty on the trade, I have put down the amount of The entire tonnage for transportacanal, and that of a rail-road was substituted. In the year 1828, a charter was obtained for a Rail-road Company, with a capital of $150,000; which sum, in the absence of correct information of the nature and expense of rail-roads, was supposed to be adequate to the execution of the work. This sum being manifestly inadequate, and the engineering,surveys and estimates having given reason to believe that $300,000 would be sufficient for the completion of the work, an addition to

Total, given to the company or bought at a low price. One stockholder alone has given ground in Ithaca valued at $10,000. To this it may be added that more than onefourth of the grading of the road-way, at the north end *The Engineer of the company is John Randel, jun. of it, has been put under contract, and is nearly coma gentlemen of high rank in his profession. His suc-pleted. The rate of contracts gives strong confirmacessful construction of the New Castle and Frenchtown tion to the estimates here made of cost of road. It will Rail-road, said to be one of the finest specimens of en- be perceived from the prospect of the income, that the gineering in the United States, gives the strongest con- company could well afford to pay twice the capital if it ndence that these estimates will be found correct. A should be necessary to ensure the completion of the large portion of the soil occupied by the road has been road.