should see you at Monboddo." After dinner, as the ladies were going away, Dr. Johnson would stand up. He insisted that politeness was of great consequence in society. "It is (said he) fictitious benevolence. It supplies the place of it amongst those who see each other only in publick, or but little. Depend upon it, the want of it never fails to produce something disagreeable to one or other. I have always applied to good breeding, what Addison in his Cato says of Honour, "Honour's a sacred tie; the law of Kings; The noble mind's distinguishing perfection, That aids and strengthens Virtue where it meets her, When he took up his large oak stick, he said, "My lord, that's homerick;" thus pleasantly alluding to his lordship's favourite writer. Gory, my lord's black servant, was sent as our guide so far. This was another point of similarity between Johnson and Monboddo. I observed how curious it was to see an African in the north of Scotland, with little or no difference of manners from those of the natives. Dr. Johnson laughed to see Gory and Joseph riding together most cordially. "Those two fellows, (said he) one from Africa, the other from Bohemia, seem quite at home." He was much pleased with Lord Monboddo to-day. He said, he would have pardoned him for a few paradoxes, when he found he had so much that was good. But that, from his appearance in London, he thought him all paradox, which would not do." He observed, that his lordship had talked no paradoxes to-day. "And as to the savage and the London shopkeeper (said he) I don't know but I might have taken the side of the savage equally, had any body else taken the side of the shopkeeper." He had said to my lord, in opposition to the value of the savage's courage, that it was owing to his limited power of thinking, and repeated Pope's verses, in which "Macedonia's mad-man" is introduced, and the conclusion is, "Yet ne'er looks forward farther than his nose." I objected to the last phrase, as being low. JOHNSON. "Sir, it is intended to be low: it is satyr. The expression is debased, to debase the character." Second Edition.-Line 15: New paragraph; and "was sent as our guide so far. This was another point of similarity between," &c., altered to" was sent as our guide to conduct us to the high road. The circumstance of each of them having a black servant was another point of similarity between," &c. Ibid.-Line 36: "satyr" changed to "satire." When Gory was about to part from us, Dr. Johnson called to him, "Mr. Gory, give me leave to ask you a question! 'are you baptised?"" Gory told him he was-and confirmed by the Bishop of Durham. He then gave him a shilling. We had tedious driving this afternoon and were a good deal drowsy. Last night I was afraid Dr. Johnson was beginning to faint in his resolution; for he said "If we must ride much, we shall not go; and there's an end on't." To-day, when he talked of Sky with spirit, I said, "Why, Sir, you seemed to me to despond yesterday. You are a delicate Londoner · You are a maccaroni ! You can't ride." JOHNSON. "Sir, I shall ride better than you. I was only afraid I should not find a horse able to carry me." I hoped then there would be no fear of getting through our wild Tour! We came to Aberdeen at half an hour past eleven. The New Inn, we were told, was full. This was comfortless. The waiter, however, asked if one of our names was Boswell, and brought me a letter left at the inn. It was from Mr. Thrale, enclosing one to Dr. Johnson. Finding who I was, we were told they would contrive to lodge us by putting us for a night into a room with two beds. The waiter said to me in the broad strong Aberdeenshire dialect, "I thought I knew you, by your likeness to your father." My father puts up at the New Inn when on his circuit. Little was said to-night. I was to sleep in a little press bed in Dr. Johnson's room. I had it wheeled out into the dining-room, and there I lay very well. Sunday, 22nd August. I sent a message to Professor Thomas Gordon, who came and breakfasted with us. He had secured seats for us at the English chapel. We found a respectable congregation, and an admirable. organ, well played by Mr. Tait. We walked down to the shore. Dr. Johnson laughed to hear that Cromwell's soldiers taught the Aberdeen people to make shoes and stockings, and to plant cabbages. He asked, if weaving the plaids was ever a domestick art in the Highlands, like spinning or knitting. He could not be informed here. But he conjectured probably, that where people lived so remote from each other it would be a domestick art, as we see it was among the ancients from Second Edition.-Line 5: a good deal" changed to 'somewhat." Penelope. I was sensible to-day, to an extraordinary degree, of Dr. Johnson's excellent English pronunciation. I cannot account for its striking me more now than any other day: But it was as if new to me; and I listened to every sentence which he spoke, as to a musical composition. Professor Gordon gave him an account of the plan of education in his college. Dr. Johnson said, it was similar to that at Oxford. Waller the poet's great grandson was studying here. Dr. Johnson wondered that a man should send his son so far off, when there were so many good schools in England. He said, "At a great school there is all the splendour and illumination of many minds; the radiance of all is concentrated in each, or at least reflected upon each. But we must own that neither a dull boy, nor an idle boy, will do so well at a great school as at a private one. For at a great school there are always boys enough to do well easily, who are sufficient to keep up the credit of the school; and after whipping being tried to no purpose, the dull or idle boys are left at the end of a class, having the appearance of going through the course, but learning nothing at all. Such boys may do good at a private school, where constant attention is paid to them, and they are watched. So that the question of publick or private education is not properly a general one; but whether one or the other is best for my son." We were told this Mr. Waller was a plain country gentleman; and his son would be such another. I observed a family could not expect a poet but in a hundred generations. "Nay (said Dr. Johnson) not one family in a hundred can expect a poet in a hundred generations." He then repeated Dryden's celebrated lines, "Three poets in three distant ages born," &c. and a part of a Latin translation of it done at Oxford: he did not then say by whom. He received a card from Sir Alexander Gordon, who had been his acquaintance twenty years ago in London, and who, "if forgiven for not answering a line from him," would come in the after Second Edition.-Line 23: "this Mr. Waller" altered .to "the present Mr. Waller." a London, 2d May, 1778. Dr. Johnson acknowledged that he was himself the author of the translation above alluded to, and dictated it to me as follows: "Quos laudet vates Graius Romanus et Anglus Sublime ingenium Graius; Romanus habebat Carmen grande sonans; Anglus utrumque tulit. Nil majus Natura capit: clarare priores noon. Dr Johnson rejoiced to hear of him, and begged he would come and dine with us. I was much pleased to see the kindness with which Dr. Johnson received his old friend Sir Alexander; a gentleman of good family, Lismore, but who had not the estate. The King's College here made him Professor of Medicine, which affords him a decent subsistence. He told us Aberdeen exported stockings to the value of a hundred thousand pounds in peace, and to one hundred and seventy in war. Dr. Johnson asked, What made the difference? Here we had a proof of the different sagacity of the two professors. Sir Alexander answered, "Because there is more occasion for them in war." Professor Thomas answered, “Because the Germans, who are our great rivals in the manufacture of stockings, are otherwise employed in time of war." JOHNSON. "Sir, you have given a very good solution." At dinner Dr. Johnson eat several plate-fulls of Scotch broth, with barley and peas in it, and seemed very fond of the dish. I said, "You never eat it before." JOHNSON. "No, Sir; but I don't care how soon I eat it again." My cousin, Miss Dallas, formerly of Inverness, was married to Mr. Riddoch, one of the ministers of the English chapel here. He was ill, and confined to his room; but she sent us a kind invitation to tea, which we all accepted. She was the same lively, sensible, cheerful woman, as ever. Dr. Johnson here threw out some jokes against Scotland. go first to Aberdeen; then to Enbru (the Scots pronunciation of Edinburgh); then to Newcastle, to be polished by the colliers; then to York; then to London." And he laid hold of a little girl, Stuart Dallas, niece to Mrs. Riddoch, and, representing himself as a giant, said, he would take her with him! telling her, in a hollow voice, that he lived in a cave, and had a bed in the rock, and she should have a little bed cut opposite to it! He said, "You He thus treated the point, as to prescription of murder in Scotland. "A jury in England would make allowance for deficiencies of evidence, on account of lapse of time: but a general rule that a crime should not be punished, or tried for the purpose of punishment, after twenty years, is bad: It is cant to advocate delaying a prosecution from malice. the King's advocate should have malice against murder, or should even know them at all. murdered man should kill the murderer who got off merely by pre talk of the King's How unlikely is it people who commit If the son of the Second Edition.-Line 6: "He told us Aberdeen exported stockings to the value of a hundred thousand pounds in peace, and to one hundred and seventy in war" altered to "He told us that the value of the stockings exported from Aberdeen was in peace a hundred thousand pounds, and amounted in time of war to one hundred and seventy thousand pounds.' scription, I would help him to make his escape; though, were I upon his jury, I would not acquit him. I would not advise him to commit such an act. On the contrary, I would bid him submit to the determination of society, because a man is bound to submit to the inconveniences of it, as he enjoys the good: but the young man, though politically wrong, would not be morally wrong. He would have to say, 'Here I am amongst barbarians, who not only refuse to do justice, but encourage the greatest of all crimes. I am therefore in a state of nature: for, so far as there in no law, it is a state of nature: and consequently, upon the eternal and immutable law of justice, which requires that he who sheds man's blood should have his blood shed, I will stab the murderer of my father.'" 1 We went to our inn and sat quietly. Dr. Johnson borrowed, at Mr. Riddoch's, a volume of Massillon's Discourses on the Psalms. But I found he read little in it. Ogden too he sometimes took up, and glanced at; but threw it down again. I then entered upon religious conversation. Never did I see him in a better frame : calm, gentle, wise, holy. I said, "Would not the same objection hold against the Trinity as against Transubstantiation?" 'Yes, (said he) if you take three and one in the same sense. If you do so, to be sure you cannot believe it but the three persons in the Godhead are Three in one sense, and One in another. We cannot tell how; and that is the mystery!" I spoke of the satisfaction of Christ. He said his notion was, that it did not atone for the sins of the world; but, by satisfying divine justice, by shewing that no less than the Son of God suffered for sin, it shewed to men and innumerable created beings, the heinousness of it, and therefore rendered it unnecessary for divine vengeance to be exercised against sinners, as it otherwise must have been; that in this way it might operate even in favour of those who had never heard of it as to those who did hear of it, the effect it should produce would be repentance and piety, by impressing upon the mind a just notion of sin; that original sin was the propensity to evil, which no doubt was occasioned by the fall. He presented this solemn subject in a new light to me," and rendered My worthy, intelligent, and candid friend, Dr. Kippis, informs me, that several divines have thus explained the mediation of our Saviour. What Dr. Johnson now delivered, was but a temporary opinion; for he afterwards was fully convinced of the propitiatory sacrifice, as I shall shew at large in my future work, "THE LIFE OF SAMUEL JOHNSON, LL.D." 1 Johnson was here thinking of Macgrigor's case, discussed upon another occasion, when the son of the murdered man assailed the discharged prisoner as he left court. |