Senious... Juniors... -Professor Hitchcock, of Amherst College, has just opened a large Resident Craduate.. collection from Nineveh. They contain some fine things, among which is a King seven feet high, leaning on his sword and offering incense. A gentleman of Amherst has agreed to build a Nineveh Gallery next Spring, lauge enough to hold all the College specimens, auanged, as far as possible, as they were upon the walls of the old palace. -Philip St. George Cocke, Esq., President of the Virginia State Agricultural Society, has made a donation of twenty thonsand dollars to endow an Agricultural Professorship in the University of Virginia, Mr. Cocke deelived a re-election, and Edmund Ruffin, Esq., of Hanover, a veletan agiiculturist, was elected president of the society. -David Hunt, Esq., of Jefferson Counoy, Alabama, has presented to Oakland College the manifcent sum of fifty thousand dollars. The conditions appended to the gift are: 1. It is to be held as a fund or endowment, to be invested under the direction of the Board of Trustees, so as to produce an annual interest or profit, leaving the donation itself untouched forever. 2. That out of the interest or proât, arising from the investment, the salary of the President shall be first in full paid, and the residue of gach interest or profit, if any, shall be used for the benefit of the College, as the Board may direct. ! Literary and Scitwine Juiclligenre. "ONTH SUPRARY. 201 The Rev. De Livingston has versed in safety to England from Alien. Dr. Livingston was about sixteen years. He has teversed the continent of Africa from west ic cast and made many mest valuable ciscoveries. The Gold Medal of the Royal Geographical Society was awa ded him at the December meeting. The English papers ce vain an account of the melancholy death of Hush Miller Che distinguished geologisi of Scourad. He was accies tally killed by the discharge of a revolver which he had in his possession. - The Rev. D., Murdoch, the translator of Mosheim's Ecclesiastical History, died on the 10th ul., in Columbus, Miss. fic was in his G1st year. 11 THE DEATH Of Paul DezarOCHE. — It occured at Pr.is. He was born in 1797, and was a pupil of the celebsted G.cs. His power was 3. Should Oakland College cease to exist as an institution of public ean-conspicuous in the representation of intense emotion, as in his Napoleon at cation, in that event the donation shall go to the rext best effort for similar | Fontaineblean; Conwell contemplating the corse of Charles L.; the purposes in the South. Dench of Queen Elizabeth, and Maria Antoinette leaving the Revolucionary ibunal. His largest work, the Eamieyele of the Sebools of Fine Arts. zad Napoleon crossing the Alpe, is however, of a totally di Teieni chai acter. In thische eminent ariisis of Ji navinos are grouped with smprising skill and beauty. Eis death leaves a vacancy not only in the French school, bat in Euopera art he was a man of noble presence, suongly resembling Napoleon, c'hou,h of a finer i ellec.un type. He was raied to a drughter of Vernes, whose fertures may be aced in his pictures of the Madonna. -Rev. Dr. Noit, of Union College, is now nearly eighty-seven years of age, and has been President of Union College since 1304, when he suc eeeued Jonathan Maxey, who had filled the post two years. He has grad usted nearly four thousand young men, and has contributed more to the cause of education than any other man in the United States. He still enjoys pretty good health, and is doubtless destined to do even more yet in the noble and patriotic work in which he has been engaged for more than half a century. Over 3500 students have graduated at Union College here since the college was founded. Of these there must be about 2000 living. They are scaitered all over the world. Every Congress contains some of them. Every legislature of this State numbers several. Over a hundred of them are professors in various Colleges throughout the Union, and there is no religious denomination that does not have some of them in its pulpits, and in its Asiatic, African, or Western missions. They are among the practising lawyers and doctors of every state, and there is hardly a railroad built that some of them do not have a hand in surveying it. -Elihu Yale, the founder of Yale College at New Haven, Conn., was buried at the church in Wrexham, Wales. His monument, a plain altar tomb, bears this inscription: Born in America, in Europe bred, In Africa travelled, and in Asia wed: Where blest in peace and actions of the just, The strongest fact is yet to tell. It is recorded that Mr. Yale went out to the East Indies from this country as an adventurer, and becoming wealthy, obtained the Presidency of Madras, and is said to have ruled with a most oppressive authority. He caused his groom to be hanged for riding out a favorite horse without leave. For this murder he was ordered to Eng. The derth of the Rev. Dr. Harris, 2.incipal of the New College, St. John's wood icok place ai halî-past five o'clock on Sunday evening the 21st December. The Se ies of Lectures at the Mechanics' Institvie, Toronic, were opened by Professor Daniel Wilson, LL.D. His subjec. was “Upw.itten History. Professors Ciofu, Eind and the Rev. Wir. Ormiston, M. A., have been engaged to deliver de ocher tectures, Amongst the runonicaments of Murray the Loaden Publisher, is «Shall or Will; or Ten Chapters on future Auxiliary Vels,” by Sir Edmund Hend. Fossils are said to be found in the Canɛdiso River Thames. The Polotype says that he persons who me in the daily habit of gathering stone for the bed of the liver, arve discovered some fine specimens of this natural phenomenon. A gentleman of Delaware has lately found a petised human hand, several large sen-chells, and many collections of twigs, weeds, &c., also turned to sione. How the sen-shells have got co far inland, is io geologists to decide. It has been decided that the testirncnir! to the poet Mooie shall be erected in College Street, Dublin, if the corporation will give the necessai y permission. PRINCE ALBERT'S GOLD MEDAz for 1957.-Pince Albeit, as Chencellor of the University of Camebridge gives a prize this year to the best poera on slavery. land, where he was tried for the crime, but by come means escaped all pun-practice of physic in Edinburgh University, in consideration of his disishment, except a beavy fine. He died in 1724. His descendants now reside in this city.-New Haven Journal. -The catalogue of Yale College for 1356-7 shows that the number of students in that institution is as follows: LITERARY PENSIONS.-II Majesty has been pleased to confer upon Philip James Bailey, Esq., author of Festus a pension of 100 per annum, also £100 per annum upon Dr. W. P. Allison, late professor of the tinguished services in medical science, and also of his philanthropic labours : and upon Mis. Laurie-the widow of the author of the well known work on Foreign Exchanges and other subjects connected with commerce. -CANADIAN INSTITUTE.—The General Annual Meeting of the Canadian Institute took place on Saturday the-th Dec., when the yearly report was read and the office-bearers for the succeeding year elected. The report sites the number of members on the books to be 575. Large additions have been made during the year, both to the Library and Museum. The report respecting the Journal is of a favorable character, and e edit is given for the zealous labours of the principal editor, Dr. Wilson. The Treasurer's report shows that there is in hand, for building and and general purposes, £1,480 12s. 3d. The following is the list of office-bearers for 1856Presideni-The Honourable the Chief Justice Draper, C. B. Ist Vice-President-Professor E. J. Chapman. 3rd Vice President-John Langton, Esq., M. A. Recording Secretary-J. George Hodgins, Esq., M. A. Council-Prof. D. Wilson, LL.D.; Professor J B. Cherriman, M. A.; Departmental Notices. SPECIAL NOTICE TO TEACHERS. Public notice is hereby given to all Teachers of Common Schools in Upper Canada, who may wish to avail themselves at any future time of the advantages of the Superannuated Common School Teachers' Fund, that it will be necessary for them to transmit to the Chief Superintendent, without delay, if they have not already done so, their annual subscription of $4, commencing with 1854. The law authorizing the establishment of this fund provides, "that no teacher shall be entitled to share in the said fund who shall not contribute to such fund at least at the rate of one pound per annum." This proviso of the law will be strictly enforced in all cases; and intimation is thus early given to all Teachers, who have not yet sent in their subscriptions, to enable them to comply with the law, and so prevent future misunderstanding or disappointment, when application is made to be placed as a peusioner on the fund. WILL BE PUBLISHED ABOUT THE MIDDLE OF FEBRUARY: The Educational Directory & Calendar, for Canada, for 1857. EDITED BY THOMAS HODGINS, CONT B. A., UNIV, COLL., TORONTO, Joint Editor of the Educational Manual for Upper Canada, YONTAINING an A'manae of the dates prescribed by law, regulation or custom for the Common and Grammar Schools. Colleges, Universities, Law Societies, Medical Boards, Provincial Land Surveyors, &c., in Upper and Lower Canada,-and the following: THE SCHOOLS.-The Educational Departments and Officers for Upper and Lower Canada; Normal and Model Schools in ditto; Upper Canada Grammar Schools, and Lower Canada Coll ges, and their Principals or Head Masters, and other Officers; subjects for Examination of Candidates for Masterships of Grammar and Common Schools, Provincial Certificates from the Normal School, &c. &c.; Local Superintendents and Inspectors of Grammar and Common Schools in Upper and Lower Canada; County Wardens, Treasurers and Clerks. THE COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES.-Subjects for Matriculation, Scholarships, &c., and the Degrees, in the Faculties of Arts, Medicine and Law; Senates, Councils, Professors and other Officers of Instruction; Graduates, and Matriculated Students, with dates of their Degrees, &c.; Scholarships, Fees and Terms, &c., in the following Institutions: University of Toronto, University College, Upper Canada College, Victoria College, Queen's College, Trinity College, McGill College, University of Laval, Bishop's College; Regiopolis College, Bytown College, St. Michael's College, &c., together with an historical sketch of each. THE PROFESSIONS.-Subjects for Examinations of Law Students and We direct the special attention of the readers of the Journal to the following notice. The "DIRECTORY," in the able hands of its Publisher, will prove a most valuable Manual for the professional and business man; and indispensable as a work of reference in Canadian topography and statistics::- CANADA DIRECTORY, FOR 1857-58. SUBSCRIPTION-FIVE DOLLARS-PAYABLE ON DELIVERY. TO BE PUBLISHED BY JOHN LOVELL, ST. NICHOLAS STREET, MONTREAL, EARLY IN SEPTEMBER, 1857. TO THE PUBLIC. IN THE PROSPECTUS first issued, it was stated that unless on condition of due encouragement being given, and a sufficient number of Subscrib ers obtained by the middle of January, instant, the forthcoming Edition of the CANADA DIRECTORY would not be proceeded with. After two months active canvassing of the larger Cities and more opulent Districts of the Country, and a few of the principal Cities in the United States, the Publisher finds that, owing it is believed to insufficiency of time, absence of desired number. Nevertheless, having throughout been favoured with so parties and other causes, the Subscription Lists have not yet reached the many unequivocal and gratifying proofs of hearty good-will and a growing public interest in the undertaking, the canvass too, having, so far as it his gone, been highly satisfactory,and the time for decision come, the Publisher (unwilling himself to relinquish the design, and strongly urged by others not to relax his exertions) has finally determined to go on with the work-relying on the Press for a continuance of their favorable consideration, and on the public for co-operation and support. He therefore now announces, not only to those who have been forward to patronize the undertaking, to whom especially his best thanks are due, but to the public at large, that the work will be vigorously prosecuted to completion, and the publication make its appearence early in September. All who have not yet given in their names, as Subscribers, are again earnestly solicited to do so; and they will please remember that-unless on LETTERS in the alphabetical portion, or at all under the various classified condition of actual Subscription-no name can appear in CAPITAL heads of the work. The names of FOREIGN Subscribers and Advertisers received up to 1st July will be inserted in the Caua la Directory, in alphabetical order. classified under their business heads, with a short description of the Cities or Towns in which they reside. In order to extend its circulation, and make the work as productive as possible of benefit to Subscribers and the Country, the publisher has sent Agents to the principal Cities in the United States, where they are now meeting with the most encouraging success; and he intends sending to Great Britain and Ireland, Agents, to take the names of Subscribers and Advertisers for the work. By such means it is hoped CANADA will be brought prominently for ward, and business subscribers have every advantage arising from the utmost publicity. Montreal, 15th January, 1857. ENCOURAGE HOME MANUFACTURE! To the Editor of the Journal of Education. IR,-The undersigned Trustees of School Section No. 13, Markham, Barristers; Regulations of Medical Boards, and Provincial Land Surveyors Shave great pleasure in stating to the public generally their entire in Upper and Lower Canada. LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC ASSOCIATIONS.-Provincial, Collegiate, and Metropolitan, and their Officers. The whole forming a complete Literary and Professional Manual for Collegiate aud School Officers, Teachers, Graduates, Students, &c., and all interested in the promotion of Common School, Grammar School, Collegiate and Professional Education in Upper and Lower Canada. * School Officers would oblige the Editor by sending him, immediately, information of any late changes. TO SCHOOL TRUSTEES. W years experience, a SITUATION. Terms, six pounds per month. A 28th January, 1857. Apply to V. HARMON, SCHOOL TEACHER WANTED. SCHOOL TEACHER, holding a First-class Certificate, is wanted for School Section No. 1, Village of Fergus, Township of Nichol. A liberal salary will be given. Apply to the Trustees, ADAM L. ARGO, GEORGE MACDONNELL, ROBERT JOHNSTON, Fergus 26th January, 1857. satisfaction of the praiseworthy manner in which Mr. A. B. RAMER bas furnished our School-house with CHAIRS and DESKS; the style of the workmanship, and quality of the material, far exceed any thing of the kind we have yet seen coming either from the manufactories of the United States or Toronto; and have no hesitation in saying that, for durability, neatness, and cheapness, cannot easily be surpassed; we would therefore earnestly recommend Trustees who may require such furniture for their Schools, to come and see for themselves, and to call on Mr. Ramer before purchasing elsewhere. JAMES GIBSON, JACOB CLINE, JAMES HUSSACK, Trustees. Markham, January 9, 1857. ADVERTISEMENTS inserted in the Journal of Education for one penny per word, which may be remitted in postage stamps, or.otherwise. TERMS: For a single copy of the Journal of Education, 55. per annum back vols. neatly stitched, supplied on the same terms. All subscriptions commence with the January number, and payment in advance must in all cases accompany the order. Single numbers, 74d. each. All communications to be addressed to Mr. J. GEORGE HODGINS, Education Office, Toronto. And to vidmua & ei poivelist an TORONTO: Printed by LOVELL & GIBSON, corner of Yonge and Melinda Sir eats b IV. MISCELLANEOUS. 1. How many hours to work. 2. Wm. Penn. 3. Music, V. USEFUL FACTS AND STATISTICS. 1. The Five Great Lakes of North 17 24 Canada. No. 2. 1. The sites should, where practicable, be fixed in an agreeable and cheerful neighborhood, apart from railways, factories, &c. The position should be somewhat elevated, or on a gentle 25 slope, and not in the vicinity of low ground or stagnant water. 2. The door should face the South, and the principal windows be to the North, thus rendering access to the School House agreeable at all seasons, and the light inside always free from the glare of sunshine. 27 28 VI. EDUCATIONAL INTELLIGENCE. 1. Canada. 2. British and Foreign...... 30 VII. LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE. 31 VIII. DEPARTMENTAL Notices and Advertisements.. SCHOOL ARCHITECTURE. As the period approaches for the erection of Schoolhouses in the spring, we devote a portion of this number of the Journal to the insertion of School House plans. We propose to divide these plans into sets: 1st. Those suitable for Grammar Schools and Common Schools in cities and the larger towns; and 2nd. Those suitable for rural School Sections. We give first, I. PLANS FOR GRAM- MON SCHOOLS. 32 3. The ground should be planted with trees, so as to provide a shade for the building and play ground, and not leave both exposed, as is too often done, to the fierce heat of summer and the storms of winter. The grounds should also be nicely laid out, and shrubs and flowers planted when practicable, so as to promote in children a taste for neatness, order and beauty. 4. The proper and economical heating and ventilation of the building should also be carefully studied. partment of Public Instruction in the In the selection of sites and the erection of School Houses, State of Pennsylvania, and to other gentlemen: Trustees should have special regard to the following remarks and suggestions: PLAN No. 1-FOR 500 PUPILS. This building is three stories high, and is designed to accom The four corner rooms on each floor are, in effect, class rooms, the main room in the centre being the study hall, under the constant supervision and control of the first Master. Under this system of government and instruction, for which a glazed partition throughout, and the wide central passages, afford full facilities, each story would require five Teachers a master and four assistants-and each would thus constitute one large School. The two class rooms on the second story will be found very suitable for recitation purposes, if either or both of those stories be appropriated to pupils of an advanced grade. The first story is for girls; the second for boys, and is nearly similar to the first story. SPECIFICATION, This plan represents a building forty-seven by ninety-two feet; three stories high, first and second fourteen and third thirteen feet With the changes hereafter suggested, this house will be found to be very suitable for a small town with from three hundred and fifty to four hundred pupils of all grades; or for the ward or other division, containing the same number, in a larger town or a small city, in which the plan of having the schools of each part separate from the others, but still on the Union system, is preferred. 2000 The general idea of the plan is admirable. It provides not only for the three regular grades of Schools in the same building, all so arranged as to be within the full control of the principal teacher, but it affords considerable class room, great facility of entrance and egress, and a fine PLAN NO. 1.-REAR ELEVATION. rated by glass partitions, the first story being for girls, and the second for boys. It is intended to be of stone and stuccoed; but if brick is more economical, it would answer equally well. In this building the two transverse partitions are to be supported by piers in the cellar, the girders to bear on the top of the piers and the walls of the flank; and the joists, arranged longitudinally, to be doubled under the other glass partitions. If the building should be built of stone, the walls will be-cellar 24, first story 22, and second 20 inches thick; but if of brick, they will be respectively 24, 22, and 18 inches thick. The doors and window sills, and the platforms and steps, are to be of cut stone. PLAN No. 2-FOR 350 OR 400 PUPILS. large lecture hall. These are all very desirable qualities. In the details, however, it slightly fails; but it can be readily improved, both in capacity and arrangement, with little trouble and no increase of cost. There is no actual nenecessity for the third or back stairway. [See opposite page.] The space occupied by it, if thrown into the girls' Primary School, will make it of equal capacity with that of the boys'. Each of these rooms will then be about twenty-five feet by thirty-five. This will readily seat two hundred Primary pupils--one hundred in each room. The Superior School rooms are about twenty-five feet square; a space which will seat from thirty-five to forty pupils of that grade in each room. To secure readiness of entrance to the Primary Schools, there should be an outside door to each, opening through a small entry or clothes room. These doors had better both open directly into the yard at the back of the the building, and neither of them into the street; but a gate should lead from them to the street. The second story also admits of some desirable changes. The two Secondary Schools may be placed across the back part of the building over the Primaries, each being of suffi ient size to seat about sixty pupils; the partition between them should also be of glass, to correspond with the first story. The remaining portion of the second story, next the stairs, will then become applicable to the lecture hall and class rooms; two class rooms of about twelve by fifteen feet each being taken off one end of this space. The lecture hall will be about thirty by forty feet, and as it will never be occupied when the Schools are in session, the doors to the secondary and class rooms may open into it. By this arrangement, also, the class rooms will be readily accessible both to the Superior and Secondary Schools, in connection with which they will be chiefly used. Thus the same space will be made to accommodate a larger number of pupils and in better proportion to the numbers and wants of each grade, than as set forth in the plans above given. The cost of the third stairway will also be saved, and will defray the expense of the alterations just specified. If, however, the plans as given are preferred, the following are the specifications prepared to accompany them, without embracing any of the changes above recommended. SPECIFICATION. The building will be fifty five by seventy-six feet, with two towers projecting slightly from the line of the building. The first and second stories will be each fifteen feet in the clear; pitch of roof nine feet; and elevation of first floor two feet six inches. The walls will be of PLAN No. 3. The building next represented is 70 feet long by 40 feet wide; with a front projection, 28 feet long by 14 feet wide. The lot on which it is proposed to erect the building, should be from 150 to 200 feet long, and from 150 to 200 feet wide. They should be corner lots, if possible, and have large open spaces around them. The schoolhouses should be protected by small lightning-rods (as seen in the engraving, and each building furnished with a school-bell, which could be heard in the remotest part of the town, village, or section. As seen in the engraving, the building should be surrounded by umbrageous elm, maple, and lime trecs-thus giving an air of shade and coolness to the otherwise exposed situation of the building in summer, and relieving the bleakness of the general aspect of the com TE SECOND FLOOR, PLAN OF. NO. 2. E. Girls' Secondary School. F. Boys' Secondary School. G. Lecture Room. a. Lobby and entrance to lecture room. Clothes room for boys. c d. Class rooms. ee. Passages. f. Flues. g. h. 7. Teachers' Desks. Seats for two pupils each. Closets for books, &c. mm. Water Closets. nn. Wash basins. vv. Ventilating flues. w. Girls' clothes room. stone, stuccoed on the exterior and laid off in blocks in imitation of cut stone. The cave and cornice and cupola, from the level of the eave, will be of wood, and painted and sanded in imitation of cut stone. The covering of the roof will be of tin, as also the base of the cupola and roof of the same, and of the porches. The exterior walls in the cellar will be twenty-four inches, the first story twenty-two, and the remainder twenty inches thick; the walls forming the front stairways will be of brick, thirteen inches first story, nine inches second. Piers will be built in the cellar of stone or hard brick, for the support of the iron pillars, 27 inches at the base, and tapering upwards to 18 inches at the top, for the support of the glass partition which runs longitudinally through the building, and for the support of the floors of joists. The flooring joists of the first and second stories will be three by fourteen inches; and in addition, a camberrod will be run through them. The roof will be constructed as in the plan aforesaid. The window frames the same, excepting that all the shutters will be hung inside. This building will require three flights of stairs, with wall rail, &c. The glass partition in the first story will also require iron posts. The partition separating the girls' and boys' superior School room in the second story, will also be of sash, without the iron posts. The partition forming the lecture rooms, and all others, will be three by six inch scantling. A water closet and wash basin for the accommodation of the girls of the superior School, and also one of each for the teachers will be constructed where shown in the plan, and connected with sufficient and properly constructed sinks or wells. (See next page.) paratively isolated school-house lot in winter, It is greatly to be regretted that, in little matters of this kind, involving so much the comfort, cheerfulness, and happiness of both pupils and teacher, in the naturally heated atmosphere of a school-room, more attention is not paid to the interests of health. We would earnestly commend the matter to the attention of School Trustees and Building Committees. Before proceeding to an explanation of the interior arrangements of the building, we present a general view, on a reduced scale, of the ground plan of a Grammar School-house, already built, including the cellar, yards, fences, gates, side-walks, &c. This will be seen in the annexed figure. |