The Commercial Treaty which has just been concluded between his Britannie Majesty and the Prince of Brazils is highly advantageous to the commercial interests of this country. British subjects and shipping are put upon the same footing as those of Portugal. We are at liberty to trade with St. Catherine's, Goa, and, in short, with all the Portuguese possessions in every part of the world; the Prince Regent reserving to his subjects only the exclusive trade of tobacco, ivory, gold dust, and Brazil wood, In the event of any alteration taking place on either side in the duties, as settled by the two contracting parties, the permission to alter is considered mutual. No vexatious arrests, nor visits in search of books, are to be allowed; but in case of treachery, or other capital offence, the party accused is to be examined as speedily as possible, in the presence of the representative of the nation to which he belongs. The treaty upon the whole is founded upon the equitable basis of mutual advantage, and from its removing all the old restraints upon British trade, must prove highly beneficial to our commercial interests.

GERMANY.

The Neue Zeitung confidently asserts, that the treaty recently concluded between Buonaparte and the Emperor Francis obliges the latter to place at the disposal of his son-in-law, a body of troops not exceeding 50,000 men, which may be employed in any part of the Continent, as the exigencies of the war may require.

The Hebrew, Arabic, and Persian manuscripts, taken by Napoleon's orders from the Imperial library, at Vienna, are, in consequence of a special application, to be restored.

Disturbances have broken out in the Vale of Passeyer (Hoffer's native country), in consequence of the conscription being rigidly enforced.

It appears by an article from Cassel, that the anti-commercial decrees of the French Ruler have powerfully affected the inhabitants of Westphalia. Corn is so abundant, and so low in price, throughout those States, as to occasion a depreciation in value of landed property, The farmers who were assessed at high. sums have been unable to pay either their rent or taxes. In consequence, deputies have been appointed to wait on the King, and to solicit permission to export, under proper regulations, specified articles of produce. Jerome had transmitted the application to Paris.

The Code Napoleon has been intro, duced into the territories of the Sovereigns of Frankfort, Hesse, and Nassau,

It

It was reported at Heligoland the latter end of this month, that the ExKing of Sweden had arrived in the Prussian capital, and teen put under arrest by order of Buonaparte. This indignity is stated to have been occasioned by that unfortunate Monarch's violation of a promise not to approach the coasts of the Baltic until a continental peace. SWEDEN.

Oresbro, where the States of Sweden have assembled, is in the province of Neriche, 21 Swedish miles from Stockholm, and almost in the centre of the kingdom. It has a castle with tolerable fortifications. Its central position has heretofore recommended it for the meetings of the Diet.

The candidates for succeeding to the Throne are, the late Crown Prince's brother, son to the Prince of Mecklenburgh Schwerin,and the Duke ofAugustenburgh.

An article from Stockholm announces, however, that the King of Denmark had offered himself as successor to the Throne of Sweden upon the demise of the present Sovereign; and that he proposed to make Stockholm his capital, in the event of an union of the three Kingdoms. It is hinted, that such an election would not be opposed by the Ruler of France. Other accounts state, that Bernadotte is a candidate for the succession to the Swedish Throne; and add, that even he has a better chance of success than the King of Denmark, who is extremely odious to the Swedes.

AMERICA.

Count Pahlen, the Russian Envoy, has arrived at Washington, and been presented to Mr. Madison, to whom he delivered his letters of credence.

An engineer at New York has invent-" ed a machine for the manufacture of bricks. It will produce 3000 bricks in an hour, if supplied with clay; and may be extended to produce any number required in the same time. The clay is applied without any previous preparation. It requires only the natural mois. ture, as it is commonly found a few inches below the earth. In this state it is applied to the machine, and the bricks are produced in the neatest manner, ready to pile away; saving the trouble of carrying to and from the yard, and tending while drying, as is done in the common way. The bricks manufactured by the machine are much more compact and impenetrable to water than bricks made by hands.

SCOTCH AND IRISH NEWS. July 31. A flock of birds have made their appearance at Aberdeen, of a species rarely seen in this country. They

partook of a sumptuous supper, laid out on the lawn at Surley-hall, which consisted of every delicacy. Upwards of 50 proceeded up the river in boats, superbly decorated; the rowers and coxswains in appropriate dresses, and accompanied by the band of the Stafford Militia. After supper, they displayed their skill and activity in the management of the oar and rudder, by sailing three times round the most difficult bend in the river, near Windsor. The Marquis of Exeter, Lord Clifton, Lord Cobham, Mr. Scott, Mr. Miles, and the Hon. Mr. Henniker, officiated as coxswains. The festivities of the day concluded with a grand display of fire-works.

July 31. The Impregnable was launched at Chatham, in the presence of a great concourse of spectators. In consequence of her having remained in a finished state since September 1809, she had settled so hard on the blocks that there was considerable difficulty in making her move, and it was not till the last block was split out, that she went off in a very fine style.

Aug. 2. A fire broke out at Progers, near Wellington, in Somersetshire, by which three houses were destroyed. The fire broke out at about 11 o'clock at night, in the house of a poor woman, who was nearly burnt to death. This is the same village where 22 houses were destroyed by fire on the 29th of May last.

Aug. 4. As three children at Wacter, in Norfolk, were, this day, going to a clay-pit to wash their hands, one of them, about three years old, fell in; the eldest ran to call their mother, who, in her fright, jumped into the pit, when her feet sticking in the clay, she and her child were both drowned.

In a violent storm of thunder, lightning, and hail, this day, at Penrith, considerable damage was done by the lightning: a barn, containing 10 cartloads of hay, belonging to Mr. Martindale, of Gutter-lane; and a stack, the property of Sir F. T. Vane, of Hutton Hall, were both set on fire, and entirely consumed. A horse and five lambs were killed in a field near Penrith. Several of the hail-stones measured two inches in circumference.-Same day, the thrashing mill, at Springfield, near Mid Calder, Edinburgh, with the whole of the offices, were fired by the lightning, and destroyed.

Captain Manby made, this day, an experiment on the beach at Cromer, of throwing his new-constructed grappleshot, attached to a line, from a mortar, for the purpose of giving relief to vessels in distress on a lee-shore, and where the sea washes far upon it, or a distance

from the land. In the first experiment, the grapple and 1 inch line were projected with 12 oz. of powder across a rope moored to two anchors, and suspended in the middle by a buoy, upwards of 200 yards from the water's edge. The grapple keeping a firm hold, the life-boat was launched from its carriage, and quickly hauled to the spot where the supposed vessel in distress lay, and shewed what might have been done by the hands sent out, to save the crew, the cargo, and the vessel, even if the supposed hands on board had been incapable of making any efforts to assist themselves. A shot attached to a log-line was then thrown from the mortar along the beach, with the same quantity of powder, to the distance of 404 yards; which was allowed by the seafaring men present to be as far as any cases of distress might require.

Aug. 5. The first stone of a new bridge over the river Wensum, near Norwich, was laid this day. By means of it the distance from the high road to Yarmouth will be shortened, and a direct communication opened with the centre of Norwich.

Aug. 6. Two men of the names of Blake and Dawson, while playing at quoits in a field near Woolwich, had a dispute respecting which of them had thrown nearest to the hod. The contention was referred to a shoemaker who was present, and who, after he had decided, desired Blake jocosely to hurl the quoit, and he would catch it; the latter did so, and struck the shoemaker on the temple, who expired on being conveyed home.

Aug. 7. The mail-coach from Falmouth to Exeter was overturned at Truro. Mrs. Palmer, late of Trewarthennick, had her arm broken, and was otherwise much bruised; Mr. Morris, of Falmouth, and a commercial traveller, who were on their way to Bodmin races, were also much bruised and cut. Some of the other passengers suffered less. The guard was very much bruised about the body, but refused to quit his charge. The driver escaped unhurt.

Aug. 8. An affray took place in Ruttington-lane, Canterbury, this evening, between some soldiers of the Queen's Bays and the populace; the former having attempted to seize a young man whom they suspected to be a deserter from the Navy. Two of the soldiers were dreadfully wounded with a large knife: the one received two severe cuts in the left breast, and the other in the abdomen. They were both conveyed to the hospital, where they lie without hope of recovery.

Aug.

Aug. 10. A melancholy occurrence happened to Mr. Hitchcock, of the North Mill, Leicester, who with a party of young men went out in a boat on a fishing excursion, so late in the evening as nine o'clock; being somewhat merry, when in deep water Mr. H. began to rock the boat, to intimidate a stranger who was of the party, and at last upset it, when Mr. H. fell a martyr to his indiscretion, and was drowned; the others escaped with great difficulty. The body of Mr. H. was found by his dog, after a search of two hours.

Aug. 12. A dreadful fire broke out in the premises of Messrs. Pyer and Co. druggists, in Redcliff-street, Bristol, in consequence of either a six-gallon bottle of spirit of turpentine, or one with three gallons of spirit of wine (not known which), being broken accidentally, and the contents communicating with the fire-place in a small room, which was instantly in a blaze. Mr. Pyer ran up stairs, followed by the flames, and got his wife (who had lately lain-in) from the bed into the front-room of the first floor, and proceeded to seek for the rest of his family; but the flames had spread so rapidly as to fill the staircase and landing-places to the sky-light, which blew up, and all communication between the front and back rooms was thus cut off. The situation of all the wretched inhabitants now became truly desperate. A child of four years old was thrown by a maid-servant, who jumped after it, from the first story window into the street. The child's fall was broken, it is hoped, so as to prevent any serious injury; but the servant was much bruised, and conveyed to the Infirmary. Mr. Moon (shopman), after hanging by his hands from the second story window several minutes, was taken down by a ladder, which also, with his assistance, rescued Mr. and Mrs. Pyer. Every possible exertion was made to extricate a nurse and two female children from the upper back room, but without success; for when, in about two hours, the flames were sufficiently mastered, the remains of the poor woman were found, with those of the newly-born infant on her bosom, and the other, of two years old, lying beside her, on the wreck of their bed, in a state too shocking for description! Her name was Reed, and age about 53 years. The stock and furniture were insured; the house was not. The principal of the accompt-books, and upwards of 2707. in cash-notes (provided for a remittance to London), shared the destruction.

Aug. 19. At the Oxford County Sessions a prosecution was instituted, the nature of which should be a warning to families GENT. MAG. August, 1810.

to avoid the too common practice of procuring marriages to get rid of paupers. It was an indictment against some farmers for an offence of this kind; and two of them were found guilty, and fined 40s. each.

Aug. 25. The inhabitants of a farmhouse at Denham, near Tiverton, Devonshire, have for some time past been alarmed by supernatural noises, which commence nightly in the servants rooms, and afterwards extend themselves to other parts of the house. At times, those in bed feel a heavy pressure, without perceiving any thing; the furniture is afterwards moved, and some one appears to be pacing the room. One night, the farmer being disturbed in this manner, and attempting to ring the bell, a candlestick, which had been standing on the floor, was thrown at the bed's-head, but fortunately missed the farmer. The house is built with stone, and there is not any space between the wall and wainscot to practise a deception.

The bodies of a man and woman were lately found arm in arm floating in the sea, near Bexhill, whither it is supposed they had been washed from the wreck of some vessel. They did not appear to have been more than 12 or 14 days in the water. Their remains have been interred in Bexhill churcli-yard.

Mr. Curwen, of Workington Hall, Member for Carlisle, keeps on his farm, at the Schoole, 25 cows, chiefly Holderness, which enables him to sell, in 12 months, in the town of Workington, more than 100,000 quarts of milk. Allowing sufficient for their support, each cow will leave him a profit of 201. per annum. A proof that no gentleman, in the vicinity of a town, can appropriate his land to a better purpose than that of a dairy.

The total quantity of woollen cloths made in Yorkshire during the year ending March 25, 1810, amounted to 15,777,805 yards, being an increase above the preceding year of 1,447,833 yards.

Mr. Wardle and Major Cartwright afterwards addressed the meeting, which broke up at a late hour. The populace on the outside of the tavern insisted on drawing Sir Francis home.

Saturday, August 4.

A remarkable phænomenon occurred at Mr. Fraser's, Botanist, King's-road, Chelsea; behind whose house, in a Southern exposure, the hail-stones, in consequence of a strong eddy wind, had fallen in such quantities into a back cellar, the door of which happened to be open, as to become a complete piece of solid ice, about 8 feet in circumference, and 2 feet in depth.

Sunday, August 5.

A thunder-storm, accompanied by a heavy rain and a quantity of hail, was experienced in the metropolis this afternoon. The house of Mr. Hornyblow, in Upper Marsh, Lambeth, was struck by the electric fluid, and the furniture much damaged. A house in Bowling street, was likewise struck; and a female servant and a child were hurt, but not dangerously,

Saturday, August 11.

A coroner's inquest was held at St. Thomas's Hospital, on the body of Hannah Stokes, an old woman of 70, who was killed by a cart passing over her near London Bridge.-Verdict, Accidental Death.

Saturday, August 25,

At near one o'clock, this morning, an alarming fire broke out in the office of The Traveller evening newspaper, Fleetstreet, the residence of Mr. Quin, which in the course of an hour consumed the whole premises. It was first observed in the second floor, and spread with such rapidity, that notwithstanding a plentiful supply of water, and the prompt attendance of several engines, very little of the property could be saved.

This morning a fire broke out on part of the hat manufa tory of Messrs. Christy, Bermondsey-street; which consumed a long range of building, and consideraby damaged the adjoining premises.

As a bricklayer was ascending a ladder reared against a house in Oxfordstreet, which was undergoing some repairs, he unfortunately fell, and being precipitated on an infirm man, nearly 70 years of age, who was passing at the time, he escaped with trifling injury himself, but the shock had so powerful an effect on the feeble frame of the other, that he was taken away lifeless.

A Patent has lately been obtained for a method of giving statues, or other ornamental works in plaster, an appearance nearly resembling marble, This is effected by impregnating the plaster of Paris with sulphate of alumine (alum),

and afterwards, when cooled, continuing to throw over it some of the solution till the alum forms a fine crystalization over the surface of the plaster; a proper degree of smoothness, or polish, may then be given it by means of sand paper, and finished by being rubbed with a fine linen cloth, slightly moistened with clean water.

The Select Committee appointed to consider what offices may be abolished or reduced, in conformity to certain preceding resolutions of the House of Commons, have published their first Report; in which they propose a reduction of expenditure from the salaries of various descriptions of offices, of 81,5807. per annum. But this retrenchment is not to take effect till after the existing interests have expired, and "till after Parliament shall have provided such other sufficient means for enabling his Majesty duly to recompense the faithful discharge of high and effective civil of, fices, as to the wisdom of Parliament shall seem fit."

The following is a statement of the Gold and Silver coined in England during every reign from the Restoration, to the 25th of March 1810, extracted from authentic documents: By Charles II. By Jaines II, By Anne By George I.

£,7,524,105

2,737,637

2,691,626