In its interest in the newer war activities the Association has not allowed its old activities to lapse. Its fellowships have been maintained and most of the fellowships awarded thru it by other organizations have been assigned as usual. The work of interesting girls in going to college has been continued and will be intensified this year in an effort to counteract to some extent the lure of war work. A still greater effort than heretofore will also be made to hold the younger pupils in the schools.

Following is the proposed program of work which has been issued for the year 1918-19:

1. To continue to mobilize all the college women of the various states to cooperate in every possible way with the Woman's Committee, the State Councils of Defense, and the Food Administration.

2. To continue the work of patriotic education.

3. To continue and extend our work in behalf of French orphans.

4. To cooperate with the Children's Bureau and the Child Welfare Department of the Woman's Committee in their effort to save thru the activities of the Children's Year at least 100,000 of the 300,000 babies who die annually in this country from preventable causes.

5. To watch every piece of educational, social, or industrial legislation proposed this year by the forty-one state legislatures that will be in session, and to be prepared to create the necessary public opinion either for or against the measures proposed.

6. To prevent as far as possible the abandonment of school and college by our young people in response to the call for war workers.

7. To launch, whenever the time seems opportune, a campaign for increast school revenue to meet the new demands which the war is laying upon the schools.

8. To assist the Bureau of Education in every possible way in the work of Americanization.

9. To make a study in each state of the condition of the rural schools. 10. To assist in the organization of community centers, both rural and urban, and to recruit college women for training as community-center workers.

II. To continue our effort to widen vocational opportunities for women by assisting in procuring adequate vocational guidance in schools and colleges and by the support of bureaus of occupations for trained women.

12. To further a campaign for an adequate federal Department of Public Health that shall have as one of its main divisions a Division of Public Health Education.

13. To assist in the effort for permanent peace by bringing about a better understanding between nations thru an interchange of pickt students. To this end to maintain our already establisht Latin-American Fellowship, and to create as rapidly as possible new fellowships of similar character for other foreign students. To help in the creation of scholarships for the

French women students whom it is proposed to bring to this country this year. To facilitate the sending of American students to foreign universities. To form in as many foreign countries as possible branches of our Association, which shall in turn undertake the organization in those countries of associations of their college women to be affiliated with us, thus gradually forming a federation of the trained women of the world.

REPORT OF COMMITTEE ON EDUCATION, NATIONAL
COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN

MRS. CHARLES LONG, CHAIRMAN, EDUCATION DEPARTMENT OF THE NATIONAL COUNCIL OF JEWISH WOMEN, WILKES BARRE, PA.

It is with very conscious pride that we point to the record of the educational work of the Council of Jewish Women for the war period, which reveals pretty uniformly the policy of "hold fast to what I give you" and Red Cross yourself.

This has been the time to show to all that the Jewish woman is a loyal, devoted, efficient American, contributing to American honor and purposes and practical labors. The record of every community shows that the Jewish womanhood in and out of the Council, but always represented by the Council, is educating America properly to place her as no alien to any labor or purpose of America while she herself is being educated; to hold fast to the religious ideals which have made her the traditional good mother, but to give up every material standard unless it absolutely conforms to the best in the American manner. She is tremendously earnest and absorbed in this war work which gives the world the opportunity of judging her as a unit, and thru the Council groups she is contributing, in disproportionate members and efficiency, as a real war measure to the solution of the problems of those of her people who are still "different" and therefore ignorant of the American ways.

The Triennial Conference of the Council of Jewish Women was held in Chicago in November, 1917. This markt the Council's entrance upon its twenty-fifth year of service. There it reconsecrated itself to stand for the whole of Jewish womanhood before the world, responsible for her tradition, available for her service, with a pride in its membership of more than ninety sections and twenty-thousand women.

Out of this convention have come more definite national policies on Americanization of Americans as well as of foreign-born, thru education and personal effort. The Council Committee on Education in each section now holds itself willing to help any Jewish school child in its community. Every need of any sort may be referred to the local section's chairman on education, or to the president of the section. Intelligent interest and conscientious service are guaranteed. Shall educators be quick to the full

usefulness of this offer? San Francisco already points the way in this service.

The second item in education is a promising, common-sense, Americanization program. "Jew" is the common name we accept with the last arrival; "American" is the common name we aim to share with her. We make her previous knowledge and condition the foundation of the new in American knowledge and condition. We reestablish her as the light, not the learner, in her own household. And so in Newark you will see the actuality in its most recent "Two R's School" for mothers of Americans.

A third objective in this educational program is providing the potential voters with definite information and dignified appreciation of the serious duty of the franchise, thru which she shall help to make the laws by which others shall live, and so in New York, Illinois, and other sections classes for the women voters are flourishing.

The educational service that has been reported from almost every section is class, group, and personal instruction in the purchase and preparation of food and in the war regulations; also classes in personal and social hygiene; lectures building up the historic background for our present-day status of woman; Judaism and the war; child-study and parliamentary law; the drama and music, with scholarships for the talented; and special classes for the physical misfits, penny lunches, and other socio-educational measures and lectures on religion go quietly along as part of a practical patriotism.

The common objectives for all the Council's work are the widening of American life and ideals thru education, the adjustment to American standards thru education, and the conquest of physical ills and material injustice thru education. We ask in return that all that holds the Jew up to ridicule and discrimination be eliminated and the American school live up to the spirit and letter of democracy and good-will.

The Council therefore, for this war period, sums up its labor. For war service nowhere have more loyal, efficient, or proportionately larger numbers been provided in every line than from among its members. For Americanization no program more conscientious, or more earnestly hopeful, or more practically arranged has been projected than thru its lecture, class, and personal contact. For community activity nowhere more cheerful or wider helpfulness than is in its pledge of personal interest in every root and branch of the house of Jacob in the great American family. For group activity nowhere is the responsibility for one's brother and to one's country, its privileges and welfare, more constantly, earnestly, and lovingly fostered. If a wider, a more inclusive, or a more effectual labor can be suggested, speak, for the Council is consecrated to project it. Thru each of its ninety groups the Council of Jewish Women offers a right arm in the building of the perfect American community.

REPORT OF PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL

PATRONS

MRS. CHARLES LONG, PRESIDENT, PENNSYLVANIA DEPARTMENT OF SCHOOL PATRONS, WILKES-BARRE, PA.

The Department of School Patrons of the Pennsylvania State Educational Association was created at the earnest request of the Wilkes-Barre Central Council of Parent-Teachers Associations and the Committee on Education of the Council of Jewish Women. The formal petition was presented by Dr. Samuel Weber, of Scranton, now state president.

At the Association meeting in Johnstown, December, 1917, the new department conducted a symposium on its purposes, presented from the angle of the teacher by the president of a Teachers' League, of the parent by the president of the Pennsylvania Mothers' Congress, of the child by the president of the Child Study Round Table, of the taxpayer by the president of a Rotary Club, letting in the light upon "the needs and interests of children, the welfare and purposes of teachers, the privileges and duties of parents, the rights and obligations of taxpayers, so that each may better understand and help the other."

The second program dealt with the general topic "Sprags in the Machinery of Education," setting forth "The Defective as the Teacher's Cross," "The Immigrant in the Process of Melting," "Industry and the School Child," and Dr. S. Weber, superintendent of the Scranton schools, cleverly explained "How the School System Meets These Problems."

The December, 1918, meeting, in Harrisburg, will deal with those war purposes which involve the child's best interests, such as labor laws, kindergartens, vocational direction, and recreational and other summer programs; the teacher's just salary and service rating; the parent and citizen's necessary and legitimate right to instruction and forum in the schoolhouse as the heart of the state's life, making the dominant note of the program the potentialities of the schoolhouse as the source from which all blessings of our true democracy shall flow, the place to "put it over" in the best sense, with a downright get-togetherness of family, community, and federal interests.

GENERAL FEDERATION OF WOMEN'S CLUBS

MARY E. PARKER, WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY, CLEVELAND, OHIO It is somewhat difficult to report accurately and adequately the work of the General Federation of Women's Clubs during the past year, because in the attempt to define war educational work it is difficult to differentiate between work done with a view to meeting specific and immediate war needs and that done to meet needs which have arisen or grown more acute on account of war conditions. The women in our clubs have done both types

of work. They have assisted the schools in their work in food conservation and in campaigns for Red Cross, Liberty Loans, War Savings, and other war measures, and in some cases our departments of education have less to report because their strongest workers have been absorbed in direct war service. It has been the policy of this department to encourage such activity, because the demands of the war itself have been so insistent during the past year that all other work has seemed to be of minor importance. There have been attempts to reduce appropriations for school purposes, and children have been allowed to leave school for one cause or another. Many seem to forget these days that the war is being waged in order that the ideals which this people have cherisht may be perpetuated for coming generations, and if the sacrifices of today are not to be in vain, the next generation must be educated now to continue worthily the work which America has begun. We need to remind ourselves constantly not only that our schools must not suffer now, but that they must become even more effective instruments of education than they have ever been.

There is a stupendous task before the schools of America, and more is expected of them than they can possibly meet unaided, particularly in the more sparsely settled sections of the country. They need all the help they can get from volunteer agencies, and upon no organization rests a heavier obligation than upon the women's clubs thruout the country. It is in their power to demand not only more generous appropriations for the maintenance of our schools but also indorsement and support of progressive educators who see clearly the modifications which the changed conditions are demanding. It should be the concern of school authorities to enlist as far as possible this volunteer cooperation. More and more our activities must be under the direction of the expert. Our work is supplementary, but it is of the utmost importance that we do not duplicate work already, done, and above all things do not work at cross purposes with those upon whom rests the responsibility for conducting our schools at this time of national emergency.

About a year ago letters were sent by the chairman of the department of education of this organization to the United States Commissioner of Education, the president of the National Education Association, and all the state superintendents of public instruction in the country, asking how we could best serve the cause of education in time of war. The response was cordial, gratifying, and stimulating. Many of the suggestions which were made were incorporated in a pamphlet which was sent in quantities to all the state chairmen of education and later distributed at the biennial convention at Hot Springs. These suggestions may be summarized in the need for the extension of educational opportunities which the war has made all the more acute. There should not be in this great country any such thing as adult illiteracy, because the state should see to it that every child has the opportunity for at least an elementary education. There