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(b) "U.S. Grade B" or "U.S. Choice" is the quality of Sultana Raisins that have similar varietal characteristics; that have a reasonably good typical color; that have a good characteristic flavor; that show development characteristic of raisins prepared from reasonably well-matured grapes; that contain not more than 18 percent, by weight, of moisture; and that meet the following additional requirements as also outlined in Tables III of this subpart:

(1) Not more than 2 pieces of stem per 32 ounces of raisins may be present; (2) Not more than 45 capstems per 16 ounces of raisins may be present;

(3) Not more than 2 percent, by weight, of raisins may be undeveloped;

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(4) Not more than 6 percent, by weight, of raisins may be discolored, damaged, or moldy; Provided, That not more than 3 percent, by weight, may be damaged, and not more than 3 percent, by weight, may be moldy;

(5) Not more than 10 percent, by weight, of raisins may be sugared;

(6) The appearance or edibility of the product may not be more than slightly affected by slightly discolored raisins or raisins damaged by fermentation or any other defect not previously described; and

(7) No grit, sand, or silt of any consequence may be present that affects the appearance or edibility of the raisins.

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(c) "U.S. Grade C" or "U.S. Standard" is the quality of Sultana Raisins that have similar varietal characteristics; that have a fairly good typical color; that have a fairly good flavor; that show development characteristic of raisins prepared from fairly well-matured grapes; that contain not more than 18 percent, by weight, of moisture; and that meet the following additional requirements as also outlined in Table III of this subpart:

(1) Not more than 3 pieces of stem per 32 ounces of raisins may be present;

(2) Not more than 65 capstems per 16 ounces of raisins may be present;

(3) Not more than 2 percent, by weight, of raisins may be undeveloped;

(4) Not more than 9 percent, by weight, of raisins may be discolored, damaged or moldy; Provided: That not more than 5 percent, by weight, may be damaged, and not more than 4 percent, by weight, may be moldy;

(5) Not more than 15 percent, by weight, of raisins may be sugared;

(6) The appearance or edibility of the product may not be materially affected by slightly discolored raisins or raisins damaged by fermentation or any other defect not previously described; and

(7) Not more than a trace of grit, sand, or silt may be present that affects the appearance or edibility of the raisins.

(d) "Substandard" is the quality of Sultana Raisins that fails to meet the requirements of U.S. Grade C or U.S. Standard.

TYPE IV-MIXED TYPES OF RAISINS
GRADES

§ 52.1850

Grades of mixed types.

The grade for a lot of mixed types of processed raisins shall be the lower (or lowest) grade of any varietal type in the mixture based on the respective requirements for each type, except for moisture, in accordance with this subpart. Mixed types of processed raisins of U.S. Grade A or U.S. Fancy, U.S. Grade B or U.S. Choice, or U.S. Grade C or U.S. Standard may contain not more than 18 percent, by weight, of moisture. Mixed types of processed raisins that as a mixture exceed 18 percent, by weight, of moisture are "Substandard."

EXPLANATIONS AND METHODS OF ANALYSES

§ 52.1851 Definitions of terms.

(a) "Capstems" means small woody stems exceeding 1⁄4-inch in length which attach the raisins to the branches of the bunch.

(b) A "piece of stem" means a portion of the branch or main stem.

(c) "Seeds" refers to the whole, fully developed seeds which have not been removed during the processing of Muscat Seeded Raisins.

(d) "Undeveloped" refers to extremely light berries that are lacking in sugary tissue indicating incomplete development; are reddish in color; are completely shriveled and hard; have fine wrinkles on smaller units and moderately deep wrinkles on slightly larger units; and are commonly referred to as "worthless".

(e) "Damaged" raisins means raisins affected by sunburn, scars, mechanical injury, or other similar means which seriously affect the appearance, edibility, keeping quality, or shipping quality of the raisins. In Muscat Seeded Raisins, mechanical injury resulting from normal seeding operations is not considered damage.

(f) "Sugared" means either external or internal sugar crystals are present and the accumulation of such crystallized fruit sugars in the flesh of the raisins or on the surface are readily apparent.

(g) "Grit, sand, or silt" means any particle of earthy material.

(h) "Moisture" means the percentage by weight of the processed raisins, exclusive of branch and heavy stem material, that is moisture when determined by the "Dried Fruit Moisture Tester Method" or in accordance with methods that give equivalent results.

(i) "Slightly discolored" means a raisin affected by a brown to dark brown discolored area around the capstem end of the raisin that is less than the area of a circle -inch in diameter.

(j) "Discolored" means a raisin affected by a brown to dark brown discolored area around the capstem end of the raisin that equals or exceeds the area of a circle %-inch in diameter; Provided: That the overall appearance, keeping quality, and edibility of the product are not seriously affected.

Subpart-United States Standards for

Grades of Frozen Raspberries

SOURCE: 52.1871 to 52.1886 appear at 18 F.R. 8050, Dec. 9, 1953, unless otherwise noted.

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION, TYPES, AND GRADES § 52.1871 Product description.

Frozen raspberries are prepared from the properly ripened fresh fruit of the plant (Genus rubus); are stemmed and cleaned; may be packed with or without packing media; and are frozen and stored at temperatures necessary for the preservation of the product.

§ 52.1872 Types (colors) of frozen raspberries.

(a) "Red" or "red raspberries" are red or reddish purple in color.

(b) "Black" or "black raspberries” are black in color.

§ 52.1873 Grades of frozen raspberries (not for manufacturing).

(a) "U.S. Grade A" or "U.S. Fancy" is the quality of frozen raspberries that possess similar varietal characteristics; possess a bright, practically uniform, typical color; are practically free from defects; possess a good character; possess a normal flavor and odor; and score not less than 85 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart.

(b) "U. S. Grade B" or "U. S. Choice" is the quality of frozen raspberries that possess similar varietal characteristics; possess a reasonably bright, reasonably uniform, typical color; are reasonably free from defects; possess a reasonably good character; possess a normal flavor and odor; and score not less than 70 points when scored in accordance with the scoring system outlined in this subpart.

(c) "U. S Grade D" or "Substandard" is the quality of frozen raspberries that fail to meet the requirements of "U. S. Grade B" or "U. S. Choice."

§ 52.1874 Grades of frozen raspberries for manufacturing.

(a) "U.S. Grade A for Manufacturing" or "U.S. Fancy for Manufacturing"

is the quality of frozen raspberries that possess similar varietal characteristics; that possess a bright, practically uniform, typical color; that are practically free from defects for the purposes of manufacturing; that possess a good character for the purposes of manufacturing; and that possess a normal flavor and odor.

(b) "U. S. Grade B for Manufacturing" or "U. S. Choice for Manufacturing" is the quality of frozen raspberries that possess similar varietal characteristics; that possess a reasonably bright, reasonably uniform, typical color; that are reasonably free from defects for the purposes of manufacturing; that possess a reasonably good character for the purposes of manufacturing; and that possess a normal flavor and odor.

(c) "U. S. Grade D for Manufacturing" or "Substandard for Manufacturing" is the quality of frozen raspberries that fail to meet the requirements of "U. S. Grade B for Manufacturing" or "U. S. Choice for Manufacturing."

§ 52.1875

FACTORS OF QUALITY

Ascertaining the score and grade for frozen raspberries (not for manufacturing).

(a) The grade of frozen raspberries is determined immediately after thawing to the extent that the units may be separated easily. The score and grade of frozen raspberries may be ascertained by considering, in addition to the requirements of the respective grade, the following factors: Color, absence of defects, and character.

(b) The relative importance of each factor has been expressed numerically on the scale of 100. The maximum number of points that may be given for each factor is:

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(a) (A) classification. Frozen raspberries that possess a bright, practically uniform, typical color may be given a score of 34 to 40 points. "Bright, practically uniform, typical color" means that the raspberries possess a bright and good characteristic color; that not more than 5 percent, by weight, of the raspberries vary markedly from the intensity and luster of the characteristic color of well-ripened raspberries; and that none of the raspberries possess a grey cast or darkening characteristic of oxidation or over-maturity.

(b) (B) classification. If the frozen raspberries possess a reasonably bright, reasonably uniform, typical color, a score of 28 to 33 points may be given. Frozen raspberries that fall into this

classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade B or U. S. Choice, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Reasonably bright, reasonably uniform, typical color" means that the raspberries possess a reasonably bright, reasonably good characteristic color; that not more than 10 percent, by weight, of the raspberries vary markedly from the intensity and luster of the characteristic color of well-ripened raspberries; and that the raspberries may possess a slight grey cast or slight darkening characteristic oxidation or maturity.

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(1) "Harmless extraneous material" means vegetable substances such weeds, grass, and leaves and any portions thereof that are harmless.

(2) A "cap" means a loose or attached full cap or a portion of a cap to which at least one sepal-like bract or portion thereof is attached. A "stem" that is attached to the cap is considered a separate defect.

(3) A "stem" means a stem, either loose or attached, that is longer than 1⁄4 inch.

(4) An "undeveloped raspberry" means a raspberry or a portion of a raspberry that is shriveled or in which more than one-fourth of the raspberry possesses hard or undeveloped drupelets or that possesses deformed areas which materially affect either the appearance or the edibility of the product.

(5) A "damaged raspberry” means a raspberry or a portion of a raspberry that is damaged by bruises or by pathological, insect, or other injury or is damaged by other means which materially affect either the appearance or the edibility of the product. "Damage" includes any surface blemish or blemishes on a raspberry which in the aggregate exceed that of a circle 1/4 inch in diameter or any noticeable blemish, regardless of area, that extends into the fruit tissue. Minute, insignificant injuries are not considered as damage.

(6) "Area" means the aggregate surface covered by the material stated when such material or portions thereof are placed in a contiguous position with no intervening spaces.

(b) (A) classification. Frozen raspberries that are practically free from defects may be given a score of 34 to 40 points. "Practically free from defects" means that there may be present for each 16 ounces of net weight an area of

not more than 4 square inch comprising harmless extraneous material (such as leaves and portions thereof), caps and portions thereof, and loose sepal-like bracts and portions thereof; and not more than 2 stems, including not more than 1 stem which may exceed 21⁄2 inch in length, or 1 piece of harmless extraneous material that is not measurable by area (such as weeds and blades of grass); and that there may be present not more than a total of 5 percent, by weight, of raspberries that are undeveloped raspberries and damaged raspberries.

(c) (B) classification. If the frozen raspberries are reasonably free from defects, a score of 28 to 33 points may be given. Frozen raspberries that fall into this classification shall not be graded above U. S. Grade B or U. S. Choice, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule). "Reasonably free from defects" means that there may be present for each 16 ounces of net weight an area of not more than 2 square inch comprising harmless extraneous material (such as leaves and portions thereof), caps and portions thereof, and loose sepal-like bracts and portions thereof; and not more than 4 stems including not more than 1 stem which may exceed 1⁄2 inch in length, or 1 piece of harmless extraneous material that is not measurable by area (such as weeds and blades of grass); and that there may be present not more than a total of 10 percent, by weight, of raspberries that may be undeveloped raspberries and damaged raspberries.

(d) (SStd) classification. Frozen raspberries that fail to meet the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section may be given a score of 0 to 27 points and shall not be graded above U. S. Grade D or Substandard, regardless of the total score for the product (this is a limiting rule).

(e) Evaluation of score points. The evaluation of the score points for the factor of absence of defects may be determined from Table No. II which indicates the maximum allowances for each class of defects for the score indicated.

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