G. P. W. Collection.

PLATE XCVIII

Phyllanthus emblica.

There is but one tree of this species that has ever fruited in Honolulu. It is to be found growing in the grounds of the Royal Mausoleum, Nuuanu Valley. It is of medium height, having a crooked trunk, and its thin, scattered branches grow irregularly. The numerous alternate leaves are pinnate, the obtuse leaflets growing close together, and are from one-half to three-fourths of an inch in length. Its minute flowers are greenish-yellow. The round, six-striated fruit is smooth and fleshy, and three-fourths to one inch in diameter. The seeds are enclosed in three or more obovate cells, each cell containing two seeds. The pulp is hard and bitter, but when cooked makes an excellent preserve.

G. P. W. Collection.

Phllanthus distichus.
OTAHEITI GOOSEBERRY.

PLATE XCIX

This is a low-growing tree having large pinnate leaves with acute, alternate leaflets, which are about one to two inches in length. Its flowers grow on separate branches below the foliage. The fleshy, green fruit, which is borne in long clusters, is acid and astringent, but when made into preserves or pickles is palatable. The root and seeds have medicinal qualities. There is but one tree of this species in Honolulu. It is growing in the garden of Mr. Wm. Wolters.

G. P. W. Collection.

PLATE C

Olea Europea.

OLIVE.

The Olive, which is a native of Southwestern Asia, is not a tree of any great height, but is very longlived, and yields prolifically. Although not cultivated to any extent, the Olive has been growing in Hawaii for many years. However, it has fruited only in a few favorable localities, and nothing has ever been done to test its value commercially.

The tree thrives best in a warm, dry atmosphere, where the soil is rich and well drained. Long-continued droughts so detrimental to most plants will affect the Olive but slightly. The tree requires judicious pruning immediately after the fruit is gathered, when the sap is comparatively at rest. The small, thick leaves are lanceolate, opposite, and usually entire; they are dull green above and silvery beneath. The small white flowers, which come in panicles, are usually imperfect. The fruit is a small, ellipsoid drupe, which is bluish-black when ripe. Its oil is an important product. The Olive may be propagated from seeds, cuttings, layers, suckers and pieces of the old stumps. The seeds require some time to germinate, and the growth of the young plant is slow.