4

5

general survey. The number of Attic inscriptions published for the first time is small. An addition has been made to the famous Erechtheum inscription, and the whole republished with a valuable commentary,' while another text throws fresh light on the rebuilding of the Athenian walls by Conon. Three new decrees,3 a fragment of the "Tribute List" of 428—427 B.C., several votive inscriptions from the grotto on Parnes, three fragments of catalogues of victors, and a metrical epitaph complete the list. Of larger works dealing with Attic epigraphy two are of quite exceptional importance-the excellent volume edited by Roberts and Gardner, comprising a well-chosen series of typical Attic inscriptions of every class, accompanied by an admirable commentary, and Wilhelm's brilliant monograph on the inscriptions relating to dramatic performances at Athens." The formulae of financial documents of the fifth century,10 the development of the official style in decrees," the history of Athens in the age of Demosthenes, the chronology of the later archons,13 the construction of Philo's Porch at Eleusis 14-these form the subjects of careful studies based entirely or mainly upon inscriptions.

Peloponnese. From ARCADIA come several records of victories won between 319 and 307 B.C. in the Lycaean games, an archaic dedication to Pan, and an interesting

15

1 Am. Journ. Arch. x. 1 ff.

3 Musée Belge, 1905, 390 ff.

5 'Ep. 'Apx. 1905, 99 ff.

16

2 Ath. Mitt. xxx. 391 ff.

4 Brit. School Annual, x. 78 ff.

Ath. Mitt. xxx. 213 ff.

7 Congrès Intern. d'Arch. 192 ff.; 'Eλλnvoμvýμwv, iii. 3; 'A¤ŋvâ, 1906, 57 ff.

8 Introduction to Greek Epigraphy: Part II, Inscriptions of Attica. Cambridge (University Press): 218.

• Urkunden dramatischer Aufführungen in Athen. 10 Rh. Mus. lxi. 202 ff.

Vienna (Hölder).

11 Philol. lxiv. 506 ff.

12 J. Sundwall, Epigr. Beiträge zur sozial-politischen Geschichte Athens im Zeitalter des Demosthenes. Leipzig (Dieterich): 5m.

13 Ath. Mitt. xxx. 73 ff.-W. S. Ferguson, The Priests of Asklepios. Berkeley (Univ. Press): 50c.-Cf. Rh. Mus. lxi. 344 ff.

14 Am. Journ. Arch. ix. 147 ff.

15 Ep. 'Apx. 1905, 161 ff.

16 Ath. Mitt. xxx. 65 ff.

fragment of the famous Edictum Diocletiani.1 From Southwestern LACONIA thirty-seven new texts are published, one half of them from Gythium and the neighbourhood. The most important are a decree of the Eleutherolaconian city Gerenia, a sacrificial ordinance marking a spot sacred to Zeus of the thunderbolt, and a dedication to Pasiphae which has largely aided in locating her shrine near the modern Koutíphari. The newly published catalogue of the Sparta Museum 3 contains 236 texts, including many previously unknown, while the introduction discusses various questions connected with Spartan epigraphy. The inscriptions recording victories won by teams of Spartan ball-players have been collected and re-edited with two additions.* The epigraphic results of the recent excavations on AEGINA are unimportant save for the previously published dedication to Aphaea.

Northern Greece.-Of DELPHI's vast epigraphical treasures some fifty texts have been published during the year." One series comprises documents fixing the chronology of certain Amphictionic officials, the other consists of fourteen rescripts of Roman emperors-Claudius, Domitian, Trajan, Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, and Septimius Severus-the interest of which is due rather to the writers than to the contents, which in many cases are seriously mutilated. The financial administration of the Pythian sanctuary from 369 to 306 B.c. has been carefully examined in the light of inscriptions, some still unpublished; only one new text, however, is given in full.'

1 Αθηνα, xviii. 3 f.

Brit. School Annual, x. 167 ff.

3 Oxford (Clarendon Press): 10s. 6d. net.

Brit. School Annual, x. 63 ff.

Furtwängler, Aegina, Heiligtum der Aphaia, 366 ff. and pl. xxv.

Munich.

E. Bourguet, De rebus Delphicis imperatoriae aetatis. Montpellier (Coulet).

1 Id., L'administration financière du sanctuaire Pythique au IVe siècle. Paris (Fontemoing).-For Delphi cf. also Berl. phil. Woch. 1905, 1358 ff.,

1549 f.

MACEDONIA gives us but one inscription,' THESSALY 2 fourteen, ITHACA3 seventeen: none of these merits special attention. From BOEOTIA we have two decrees of Hyettus,* felicitously restored by Wilhelm, a milestone of Hadrian's reign, the base of a statue of Aurelian, and ten epitaphs." The fresh and, we feel sure, final edition by P. Foucart of the Senatus Consultum of Thisbe (170 B.C.), the oldest extant document of the kind, is of more than ordinary interest. Of sixteen interesting texts from AETOLIA (Thermum) one preserves the terms of a treaty and alliance between Aetolia and Acarnania (280-272 B.C.); another, on the same bronze stele, records the arbitration award in a boundary delimitation between Oeniadae and Metropolis.

6

8

Islands of the Aegean.-EUBOEA supplies twenty-five unpublished texts, of which only one-an account of interest paid on money lent to the state of Carystus-is noteworthy; the famous iepòs vóμos is further discussed by Farnell and Papabasileiou." The harvest of inscriptions from DELOS seems wellnigh inexhaustible. The past year has given us 126 new texts,10 found, with three exceptions, in 1903, and varying in length from two letters to 375 lines. Eight are decrees of foreign states (those of Delos were published previously), the most interesting being an Attic decree in honour of Pharnaces I. of Pontus (ca. 185-169 B.C.), grandfather of Mithradates the Great, and his queen Nysa,11 and one by which the Cretan cities of Olus and Lato refer their disputes to the arbitration of Cnossus and agree to abide absolutely by its verdict. The following sixty-nine texts are chiefly votive, honorary, and sepulchral three are fragments

1 'Aoŋvâ, xviii. 35 ff.

J. H. S. xxvi. 143 ff. ; 'A0ŋvâ, xviii. 38 f.

3 Bull. Corr. Hell. xxix. 163 ff.

5 Bull. Corr. Hell. xxix. 99 f., 372.

Jahreshefte, viii. 276 ff.

Mémoires de l'Acad. des Inscr. xxxvii. 2, 309 ff.

Paris (Klincksieck): 2fr.

''Ep. 'Apx. 1905, 55 ff.

9 Ib. 28 ff.; Cl. Rev. xx. 27 ff.

10 Bull. Corr. Hell. xxix. 169 ff., 416 ff.

8 Ib. 1 ff.

Also separately,

11 Cf. ib. xxx. 46 ff.

of Delian decrees, one a Christian invocation. More important are the forty-nine financial documents and inventories, arranged chronologically, and covering the period from about 365 to about 150 B.C. Though supplementing our previous knowledge chiefly in detail, these exact accounts of the temple revenues and expenditure and lists of sacred treasures have more than a merely technical interest. Noteworthy, too, is a letter (260-250 B.C.) from Ziaëlas, king of Bithynia, to the city of Cos, recognising the right of ȧovλía of its Asclepieum and promising protection and assistance to Coan traders visiting his shores.1 The remaining island inscriptions-a fragment of a decree from TENOS, fifteen votive inscriptions from CEOS (Carthaea),3 a metrical epitaph from ASTYPALAEA,1 two epitaphs and a fresh text from the Monument of Potamo at Mytilene in LESBOS, thirteen tomb inscriptions and a dedication by Ephesians resident in RHODES -do not call for special notice.

11

Asia Minor.Of the epigraphical results of the excavations at Pergamum,' Ephesus, Miletus, Alabanda,1o and Aphrodisias, it is too early to speak, only provisional reports having as yet been issued. Of twelve new texts from Notium,12 a decree in honour of Athenaeus (later Eumenes II.13), and two inscriptions of Laodicea ad Lycum, Neocaesarea, and Sagalassus set up in the sanctuary of Apollo, are the most important. The temple of Didyma furnishes a long building inscription and several fragments giving interesting details of construction and expense. The eigh

1 Ath. Mitt. xxx. 173 ff.

3 Bull. Corr. Hell. xxix. 354 ff.

5 Ath. Mitt. xxx. 141 ff.

Ib. 147 ff.; Rev. Ét. Gr. 1906, 24.

14

'Musée Belge, 1906, 59 ff.

J. H. S. xxvi. 178.

7 Ath. Mitt. xxx. 414; Berl. phil. Woch. 1906, 541.

8 Jahreshefte, 1905, Beibl. 61 ff.

Arch. Anz. 1906, 1 ff.; Berl. phil. 10 C. R. Acad. Inscr. 1905, 454 ff. 12 Jahreshefte, viii. 155 ff.

14 Rev. philol. iii. 237 ff

Woch. 1906, 541.

11 Ib. 1906, 158 ff.
13 Ib. ix. Beibl. 57 f.

teen inscriptions found in Caria,' Lydia, Mysia, and Bithynia do not call for detailed notice. Paphlagonia is represented by a decree of a phratry (137 B.C.) from Abonuteichos and thirty-five Greek and Latin inscriptions from Sinope. Finally, Phrygia and Lycaonia, thanks chiefly to Ramsay's indefatigable labours, yield a harvest of inscriptions illustrating the cults, topography, and language of that region in the first centuries of our era. Especially interesting are the records of the ξένοι τεκμορεῖοι, a secret society founded to assist the Roman Empire in its struggle against the rise of Christianity.

7

Conclusion.-The narrow limits of this section preclude any reference to Christian inscriptions, to those found on the outskirts of Hellenism, from France' to Syria,10 from Bosnia11 to Egypt,12 or to the many restorations and explanations of published inscriptions which have made our knowledge at once wider and more exact. Yet enough has been said to prove that during the year epigraphy has once more contributed to the progress of the study of Greek language and literature, art and architecture, law and religion.

M. N. TOD.

1 Jahreshefte, viii. 238 ff.; Bull. Corr. Hell. xxix. 361. • Rev. Ét. Anc. 1905, 410; Ath. Mitt. xxx. 326 ff.

3 J. H. S. xxvi. 23 ff.; Ath. Mitt. xxx. 328 f.

Ath. Mitt. xxx. 323 f., 330, 412 f.

5 Num. Chron. 1905, 113 ff. arkh. Inst. viii. 153 ff. (in Russian).

6 Am. Journ. Arch. ix. 294 ff. 7 Cl. Rev. xix. 367 ff., 413 ff.; Mitt. xxx. 324 ff.

• Congrès Intern. d'Arch. 362 f.

Previously published, Izviestya russ.

Jahreshefte, viii. Beibl. 79 ff.; Ath. 8 Cl. Rev. xix. 419 ff.

11 Arch. f. slav. Philol. xxvii. 258 ff.

10 Byz. Ztschr. xv. 279 ff., etc.

19 Coptic and Greek Texts of the Christian Period from Ostraka, Stelae, etc., in the British Museum, ed. by H.R. Hall. London (Brit. Mus.): 40s.—Archiv f. Papyrusf. iii. 356 ff., etc.