Parliament for the necessary legislation. This was granted in 1887 by an Act* which created a new corporation, and conferred on it the right to grant degrees, not merely in theology, but in the "several arts, sciences, and faculties." This statute had the effect of abolishing the separate corporations of "Woodstock College" and "Toronto Baptist College," and of vesting in the new corporation of "McMaster University" all the "real and personal property, rights, franchises, and privileges" which had belonged to them. The University was placed under the "management and administration of a Board of Governors," the members of which, to the number of sixteent were to be chosen by the Baptist Conventions of Ontario and Quebec. The Governors were given "full power and authority to fix the number, residence, duties, salary, provision, and emolument of the Chancellor, Principal, professors, tutors," and all other officers of the University, including any "preparatory or academical department § to remove any of the above named officers at their discretion; and to appoint any of them on the recommendation of the Senate. To the latter body was entrusted the "control of the system and course of education pursued in the University, and of all matters pertaining to the management and discipline thereof, and of the examination of all departments thereof; also the right to confer degrees, and to determine the courses of

*50 Vici., cap. 95.

+Exclusive of the Chancellor, who is a member ex officio, and also the presiding officer.

See Ontario Statute, 52 Vict., cap. 91, sec. 2.

§There are two of these-Woodstock College and Moulton College.

study and qualifications for them, subject to the proviso that the standard for the matriculations and subsequent examinations should be as "thorough and comprehensive" as that maintained by the University of Toronto in the same departments of study. The Senate was authorized to make recommendations from time to time for the appointment of the Chancellor and of the members of the teaching staff, and the Governors were forbidden to make such appointments except on such recommendations. The conditions on which teaching institutions, other than theological colleges, might affiliate with the University, subject to the approval of the Lieutenant-Governor in Council, were left to be prescribed by the Senate. The composition of the Senate, as defined by the Act of incorporation, was changed by an Act* passed in 1893. For ordinary academical purposes it is now made up of (1) the members of the Board of Governors, (2) six representatives of the University Faculty to be elected by the Faculty annually, (3) five representatives elected by the graduates in theology, (4) five representatives elected by the graduates in Arts, (5) two representatives elected by the teachers of Woodstock College, and (6) two representatives elected by the teachers of Moulton College; when the Senate is dealing with the theological course, its membership is quoad hoc increased by the addition of (1) eight representatives elected by the Baptist Convention of the Maritime Provinces, (2) the President and two professors of Acadia University, and (3) two representatives elected by the Baptist Convention of Manitoba and the North

56 Vict., cap. 114.

west Territories. As to denominational character, while McMaster University is declared to be "a Christian school of learning," and the study of the Bible or Sacred Scriptures" is prescribed by the Act as "part of the course of study," it is also provided that every member of both the Senate and the Board of Governors must be "a member in good standing of some regular Baptist Church in Canada." Each member of the teaching Faculty of theology is required to be of the Baptist communion, but of other teachers it is required only that they shall be members in good standing of "an Evangelical Christian Church," while it is provided that "no compulsory religious qualification, or examination of a denominational character, shall be required from, or imposed upon any student whatever, other than in the faculty of theology."

CHAPTER VIII.

THE WESTERN UNIVERSITY.

For reasons on which it is unnecessary to dwell, the establishment of Trinity College did not completely satisfy the views of the Anglican Church in all parts of Upper Canada. In 1857, the western portion of the Province was erected into the diocese of Huron, with its headquarters in London and the Rev. Dr. Cronyn as its first Bishop. The progress of settlement in the northern part of his district was then very rapid, and he found it difficult to receive an adequate supply of clergy. The remedy that suggested itself was the establishment of an independent theological college, and Bishop Cronyn early cherished the project of founding and endowing one.

Huron College-In the interest of the scheme a visit to England was made in 1861 by the Rev. Dr. Hellmuth, then Archdeacon * of the Diocese, and his mission was so successful that steps were soon taken to provide a building, and begin the work of teaching. The latter was greatly facilitated by a donation † of £500 sterling for the endowment of the chair of Divinity, and by several other contributions of less value. In 1863 Huron College was incorporated by Act‡ of Canadian Parliament. Bishop Cronyn was the principal petitioner, and the cor

*He afterward succeeded Dr. Cronyn as Bishop.

+From the Rev. Alfred Peach, M.A., incumbent of Downend, near Bristol. This donation is still known as "The Peach Fund."

26 Vict., cap. 31.

poration was made up of himself and the members of the College Council, whom he was authorized in the first instance to appoint. Vacancies, as they occur in the Council, are filled up by the practice of co-optation. Archdeacon Hellmuth was the first Principal, and the first session was held in 1864.

The Hellmuth Colleges.-In 1865, by an Act* of the Canadian Parliament, a second educational institution was incorporated in the same city, and to some extent under the same auspices, by the name of "The London Collegiate Institute." The chief promoter and sole proprietor was Archdeacon Hellmuth, but he had associated with him, among others, the present Bishop Sweatman of the Diocese of Toronto, and Mr. Adam Crooks, afterward Minister of Education for the Province of Ontario. The "Institute" was intended to be a residential school for the education of boys In 1868, by an Act of the Ontario Legislature, its name was changed to "Hellmuth College," and the corporation was turned into a joint stock company. In the following year a similar College for young ladies was established by Dr. Hellmuth, equipped with the college building proper, a chapel, and grounds containing forty acres of land.

The Western University. The educational work done in these institutions eventually led to an application to the Ontario Legislature for permission to establish "a college with university powers in connection with the Church of England," and this was granted by an Act† passed *28 Vict., cap. 96. +31 Vict., cap. 58. 141 Vict., cap. 70,